Questions & Answers for Exam
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‣ GCS score -✓✓Glasgow Coma Scale; measures consciousness level.
‣ Tension pneumothorax -✓✓Life-threatening condition requiring
immediate needle decompression.
‣ Spinal cord injury below T-10 -✓✓Usually spares bowel and bladder
function.
‣ Indication for chest tube insertion -✓✓Conditions like pneumothorax
or massive hemothorax.
‣ Immediate management of head injury -✓✓Prevent secondary brain
injury post-trauma.
‣ Celiotomy -✓✓Surgical procedure for abdominal exploration.
,‣ Diagnostic peritoneal lavage -✓✓Procedure to assess intra-abdominal
bleeding.
‣ Central venous pressure line -✓✓Used for monitoring venous blood
pressure.
‣ Frostbite treatment -✓✓Initial treatment involves warm (40°C) water
immersion.
‣ Shock diagnosis criteria -✓✓Systolic blood pressure below 90 mm Hg.
‣ Hyperflexion fractures -✓✓Inherently unstable injuries in upper
thoracic spine.
‣ Spinal immobilization -✓✓Use scoop stretcher or long spine board.
‣ Signs of hemothorax -✓✓Absence of breath sounds and dullness to
percussion.
‣ Volume replacement guide -✓✓Blood pressure is most reliable
indicator.
, ‣ Magnetic resonance imaging -✓✓Used to diagnose spinal cord
injuries.
‣ Respiratory rate in shock -✓✓May be elevated due to compensatory
mechanisms.
‣ Pneumatic antishock garment -✓✓Used to stabilize patients in shock.
‣ Diaphragmatic rupture -✓✓Contraindication for nasogastric
intubation.
‣ Central cord syndrome -✓✓Most common spinal cord injury in
children.
‣ Endotracheal intubation -✓✓Indicated for patients with severe head
injuries.
‣ External fixation -✓✓Used for stabilizing pelvic fractures.
‣ Intravenous crystalloid solution -✓✓Administered to manage
hypovolemic shock.