EMERGENCY NURSING ACTUAL SCRIPT 2026
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED
A+
‣ Environmental Emergencies: Frostbite . Answer: Trauma from exposure
to freezing temperature and freezing of fluid in the intracellular and
intercellular spaces.
‣ Environmental Emergencies: Frostbite Manifestations . Answer:
Manifestations:
-hard, cold, and insensitive to touch.
-may appear white or mottled.
-may turn red and painful as rewarmed.
-The extent of injury is not always initially known.
‣ Management of patient with Frostbite . Answer: -Controlled but rapid
rewarming.
-37° to 40°C circulating bath for 30- to 40-minute intervals.
-Analgesics for pain.
-Do not massage or handle.
-Iff feet are involved, do not walk.
‣ Environmental Emergencies: Hypothermia . Answer: -Internal core
temperature is 35°C or less.
-Older adults, infants, persons with concurrent illness, homeless people,
and trauma victims are at risk.
-Alcohol ingestion increases susceptibility.
-Hypothermia may be seen with frostbite, and treatment of hypothermia
takes precedence.
-Physiologic changes in all organ systems.
-Monitor continuously.
‣ Management of the Patient with Hypothermia . Answer: -Use ABCs,
remove wet clothing, rewarm, supportive care.
Active core rewarming:
-Cardiopulmonary bypass
-warm fluid administration
, -warm humidified oxygen,
-warm peritoneal lavage.
Passive external rewarming:
-Warm blankets and over the bed heaters.
-Note: Cold blood returning from the extremities has high levels of lactic
acid and can cause potential cardiac dysrhythmias and electrolyte
disturbances.
‣ Poisoning definition: . Answer: Any substance that when ingested,
inhaled, absorbed, applied to the skin, or produced within the body in
relatively small amounts, injures the body by its chemical action.
‣ Poisoning: Treatment Goals . Answer: - Remove or inactivate poison
before it is absorbed.
- Provide supportive care in maintaining vital organs systems.
- Administer specific antidotes.
- Implement tx to hasten elimination of the poison.
‣ Assessment of patient with ingested poisons . Answer: -ABCs.
-Monitor VS, LOC, ECG, UO.
-Laboratory specimens.
-Determine what, when, and how much substance was ingested.
-Signs and symptoms of poisoning and tissue damage.
-Health history.
-Age and weight.
‣ Management of the patient with Ingested Poisons . Answer: Measures to
remove the toxin or decrease its absorption:
-Use of emetics.
-Gastric lavage.
-Activated charcoal.
-Cathartic when appropriate.
-Administration of specific antagonist as early as possible.
-Other measures may include diuresis, dialysis or hemoperfusion.
**Corrosive agents such as acids and alkalines cause destruction of tissues
by contact. Do not induce vomiting with corrosive agents*
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED
A+
‣ Environmental Emergencies: Frostbite . Answer: Trauma from exposure
to freezing temperature and freezing of fluid in the intracellular and
intercellular spaces.
‣ Environmental Emergencies: Frostbite Manifestations . Answer:
Manifestations:
-hard, cold, and insensitive to touch.
-may appear white or mottled.
-may turn red and painful as rewarmed.
-The extent of injury is not always initially known.
‣ Management of patient with Frostbite . Answer: -Controlled but rapid
rewarming.
-37° to 40°C circulating bath for 30- to 40-minute intervals.
-Analgesics for pain.
-Do not massage or handle.
-Iff feet are involved, do not walk.
‣ Environmental Emergencies: Hypothermia . Answer: -Internal core
temperature is 35°C or less.
-Older adults, infants, persons with concurrent illness, homeless people,
and trauma victims are at risk.
-Alcohol ingestion increases susceptibility.
-Hypothermia may be seen with frostbite, and treatment of hypothermia
takes precedence.
-Physiologic changes in all organ systems.
-Monitor continuously.
‣ Management of the Patient with Hypothermia . Answer: -Use ABCs,
remove wet clothing, rewarm, supportive care.
Active core rewarming:
-Cardiopulmonary bypass
-warm fluid administration
, -warm humidified oxygen,
-warm peritoneal lavage.
Passive external rewarming:
-Warm blankets and over the bed heaters.
-Note: Cold blood returning from the extremities has high levels of lactic
acid and can cause potential cardiac dysrhythmias and electrolyte
disturbances.
‣ Poisoning definition: . Answer: Any substance that when ingested,
inhaled, absorbed, applied to the skin, or produced within the body in
relatively small amounts, injures the body by its chemical action.
‣ Poisoning: Treatment Goals . Answer: - Remove or inactivate poison
before it is absorbed.
- Provide supportive care in maintaining vital organs systems.
- Administer specific antidotes.
- Implement tx to hasten elimination of the poison.
‣ Assessment of patient with ingested poisons . Answer: -ABCs.
-Monitor VS, LOC, ECG, UO.
-Laboratory specimens.
-Determine what, when, and how much substance was ingested.
-Signs and symptoms of poisoning and tissue damage.
-Health history.
-Age and weight.
‣ Management of the patient with Ingested Poisons . Answer: Measures to
remove the toxin or decrease its absorption:
-Use of emetics.
-Gastric lavage.
-Activated charcoal.
-Cathartic when appropriate.
-Administration of specific antagonist as early as possible.
-Other measures may include diuresis, dialysis or hemoperfusion.
**Corrosive agents such as acids and alkalines cause destruction of tissues
by contact. Do not induce vomiting with corrosive agents*
