NR 546 MIDTERM REVIEW QUESTIONS
WITH ACCURATE ANSWERS !
Neuroscience matters - ANSWER Neuroscience is the foundation for mental health
prescribing, especially as the future moves toward symptom-based prescribing rather
than selecting a drug class based on a diagnosis. Know what area of the brain is
associated with presenting symptoms AND how the medication works on that area of
the brain to treat that symptom (the medication mechanism of action)
Functional neuroanatomy - ANSWER Classifying how regions within the nervous
system relate to psychology and behavior.
If a particular area of the brain is affected, what is the expected response? What
symptoms would you expect to see? Link the assessment to the affected brain area.
Ethical Issues - ANSWER course Explore section and readings
Epigenetics - ANSWER the study of influences on gene expression that occur without a
DNA change
Why is epigenetics important? - ANSWER Involved in switching genes on and off
i.e. controlling transcription/translation
How does epigenetics impact a person's mental health? - ANSWER
Genetics - ANSWER The scientific study of heredity
How does the CYP450 affect pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics? - ANSWER
What are some very common/concerning interactions? - ANSWER Also see Stahl Ch 2.
How does an inhibitor or inducer affect medication efficacy? - ANSWER
, CYP450 inhibitors - ANSWER CRACK AMIGOS
Cimetidine
Ritonavir (protease inhibitor)
Amiodarone
Ciprofloxacin
Ketocanazole (and other azoles)
Acute alcohol use
Macrolides
Isoniazid
Grapefruit Juice
Omeprazole
Sulfonamides
Carbamazepine (Tegretol) - ANSWER INDUCER: anticonvulsant/mood stabilizer
How does combining carbamazepine with another medication affect your prescribing? -
ANSWER
What happens if you prescribe an inducer or an inhibitor with a substrate? - ANSWER
Full agonist - ANSWER Ability of a drug to produce 100% of the maximum response
regardless of the potency
partial agonist - ANSWER a drug that binds to a receptor and causes a response that is
less than that caused by a full agonist
Reverse agonist - ANSWER
full antagonist - ANSWER a ligand that binds and produces no effect
partial antagonist - ANSWER Drug that acts as an agonist to some receptors, but an
antagonist to others. Some opioid drugs have this property.
Reverse antagonist - ANSWER Competitive Antagonist: Competes for the same
receptor as the endogenous ligand; blocks the endogenous ligand from binding; Always
dissociates
Non-competitive Antagonist: Binds to a site other than the endogenous ligand binding
site; Poor clinical utility
WITH ACCURATE ANSWERS !
Neuroscience matters - ANSWER Neuroscience is the foundation for mental health
prescribing, especially as the future moves toward symptom-based prescribing rather
than selecting a drug class based on a diagnosis. Know what area of the brain is
associated with presenting symptoms AND how the medication works on that area of
the brain to treat that symptom (the medication mechanism of action)
Functional neuroanatomy - ANSWER Classifying how regions within the nervous
system relate to psychology and behavior.
If a particular area of the brain is affected, what is the expected response? What
symptoms would you expect to see? Link the assessment to the affected brain area.
Ethical Issues - ANSWER course Explore section and readings
Epigenetics - ANSWER the study of influences on gene expression that occur without a
DNA change
Why is epigenetics important? - ANSWER Involved in switching genes on and off
i.e. controlling transcription/translation
How does epigenetics impact a person's mental health? - ANSWER
Genetics - ANSWER The scientific study of heredity
How does the CYP450 affect pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics? - ANSWER
What are some very common/concerning interactions? - ANSWER Also see Stahl Ch 2.
How does an inhibitor or inducer affect medication efficacy? - ANSWER
, CYP450 inhibitors - ANSWER CRACK AMIGOS
Cimetidine
Ritonavir (protease inhibitor)
Amiodarone
Ciprofloxacin
Ketocanazole (and other azoles)
Acute alcohol use
Macrolides
Isoniazid
Grapefruit Juice
Omeprazole
Sulfonamides
Carbamazepine (Tegretol) - ANSWER INDUCER: anticonvulsant/mood stabilizer
How does combining carbamazepine with another medication affect your prescribing? -
ANSWER
What happens if you prescribe an inducer or an inhibitor with a substrate? - ANSWER
Full agonist - ANSWER Ability of a drug to produce 100% of the maximum response
regardless of the potency
partial agonist - ANSWER a drug that binds to a receptor and causes a response that is
less than that caused by a full agonist
Reverse agonist - ANSWER
full antagonist - ANSWER a ligand that binds and produces no effect
partial antagonist - ANSWER Drug that acts as an agonist to some receptors, but an
antagonist to others. Some opioid drugs have this property.
Reverse antagonist - ANSWER Competitive Antagonist: Competes for the same
receptor as the endogenous ligand; blocks the endogenous ligand from binding; Always
dissociates
Non-competitive Antagonist: Binds to a site other than the endogenous ligand binding
site; Poor clinical utility
