NURS 611 Patho Exam 2
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Condition with unknown causes that includes severe and irreversible loss of vision and major
cause of blindness in older individuals - correct answer Age-related macular degeneration
(AMD)
Form of AMD that is more common and slowly progressive - correct answer Dry form/ non-
neovascular (atrophic)
Form of AMD that is more severe with rapid loss of central vision - correct answer Wet form/
exudative (neovascular)
Form of AMD that involves accumulation of drusen (waste products from photoreceptors) in the
macula, choriocapillary loss, accumulation of lipofuscin (a lysosomal pigmented residue) in the
retinae, and atrophy, leading to permanent central vision loss - correct answer Dry form/ non-
neovascular (atrophic)
Early symptoms of this condition include limited night vision and difficulty reading - correct
answer AMD: Dry form/ non-neovascular (atrophic)
,Form of AMD that involves abnormal choroidal blood vessel growth within the macula
(neovascularization), leakage of blood or serum, retinal
tears or detachment, fibrovascular scarring, and loss of photoreceptors - correct answer Wet
form/ exudative (neovascular)
Condition in which ocular lens becomes larger, firmer, and less elastic. The major symptom is
reduced near vision - correct answer Presbyopia
Condition in which fluid (exudate, hemorrhage, or liquid
vitreous) separates the pigment epithelium from the photoreceptors in the neuroepithelium -
correct answer Retinal detachment
Condition in which separation deprives the outer retina of oxygen and nutrients because the
diffusion distance is increased - correct answer Retinal detachment
Constant involuntary movement of the eyeball that develops when the semicircular canal
system is overstimulated - correct answer Vestibular nystagmus
Dysfunction of the semi-circular canal in the ear that can cause an unsteady gait. - correct
answer Vestibular nystagmus
Chronic inflammatory disease involving degeneration of central nervous system myelin, scarring
or formation of plaque, and loss of
axons - correct answer Multiple Sclerosis (MS)
In MS, plaques form when T-cells recognize myelin as what? - correct answer Autoantigens
, Condition in which nerves cannot transmit signals efficiently and the muscles begin to lose their
ability to respond to the brain's commands, which causes weakness - correct answer GBS
Condition in which the immune system mistakenly attacks the healthy nerves in the peripheral
nervous system - correct answer GBS
Motor neuron disease that originates in the cortical motor neurons, including the
neuromuscular junction (NMJ) - correct answer ALS
Without muscle nutrition and progressive muscle wasting, refers to
the lower motor neuron (LMN) component - correct answer Amyotrophic
Scarring of the spinal cord, refers to the upper motor neuron component of the disease -
correct answer Lateral Sclerosis
What is a type of ALS that is more rapid and progressive? - correct answer Bulbar onset disease
Bulbar onset disease causes difficultly with these 3 "S" symptoms - correct answer Speaking,
swallowing, saliva production
Most people with ALS die from what? - correct answer Respiratory failure (unable to breathe on
their own)
The primary pathology of this disease is degeneration of the basal ganglia (corpus striatum,
globus pallidus, subthalamic nucleus, and substantia nigra) - correct answer Parkinson's disease
The hallmark pathologic features of what disease is dopaminergic deficiency in the striatum,
brainstem, and cortex - correct answer Parkinson's disease
Review EXAM 2025 UPDATE
Verified Questions And
Answers | Guaranteed
Success!!
Condition with unknown causes that includes severe and irreversible loss of vision and major
cause of blindness in older individuals - correct answer Age-related macular degeneration
(AMD)
Form of AMD that is more common and slowly progressive - correct answer Dry form/ non-
neovascular (atrophic)
Form of AMD that is more severe with rapid loss of central vision - correct answer Wet form/
exudative (neovascular)
Form of AMD that involves accumulation of drusen (waste products from photoreceptors) in the
macula, choriocapillary loss, accumulation of lipofuscin (a lysosomal pigmented residue) in the
retinae, and atrophy, leading to permanent central vision loss - correct answer Dry form/ non-
neovascular (atrophic)
Early symptoms of this condition include limited night vision and difficulty reading - correct
answer AMD: Dry form/ non-neovascular (atrophic)
,Form of AMD that involves abnormal choroidal blood vessel growth within the macula
(neovascularization), leakage of blood or serum, retinal
tears or detachment, fibrovascular scarring, and loss of photoreceptors - correct answer Wet
form/ exudative (neovascular)
Condition in which ocular lens becomes larger, firmer, and less elastic. The major symptom is
reduced near vision - correct answer Presbyopia
Condition in which fluid (exudate, hemorrhage, or liquid
vitreous) separates the pigment epithelium from the photoreceptors in the neuroepithelium -
correct answer Retinal detachment
Condition in which separation deprives the outer retina of oxygen and nutrients because the
diffusion distance is increased - correct answer Retinal detachment
Constant involuntary movement of the eyeball that develops when the semicircular canal
system is overstimulated - correct answer Vestibular nystagmus
Dysfunction of the semi-circular canal in the ear that can cause an unsteady gait. - correct
answer Vestibular nystagmus
Chronic inflammatory disease involving degeneration of central nervous system myelin, scarring
or formation of plaque, and loss of
axons - correct answer Multiple Sclerosis (MS)
In MS, plaques form when T-cells recognize myelin as what? - correct answer Autoantigens
, Condition in which nerves cannot transmit signals efficiently and the muscles begin to lose their
ability to respond to the brain's commands, which causes weakness - correct answer GBS
Condition in which the immune system mistakenly attacks the healthy nerves in the peripheral
nervous system - correct answer GBS
Motor neuron disease that originates in the cortical motor neurons, including the
neuromuscular junction (NMJ) - correct answer ALS
Without muscle nutrition and progressive muscle wasting, refers to
the lower motor neuron (LMN) component - correct answer Amyotrophic
Scarring of the spinal cord, refers to the upper motor neuron component of the disease -
correct answer Lateral Sclerosis
What is a type of ALS that is more rapid and progressive? - correct answer Bulbar onset disease
Bulbar onset disease causes difficultly with these 3 "S" symptoms - correct answer Speaking,
swallowing, saliva production
Most people with ALS die from what? - correct answer Respiratory failure (unable to breathe on
their own)
The primary pathology of this disease is degeneration of the basal ganglia (corpus striatum,
globus pallidus, subthalamic nucleus, and substantia nigra) - correct answer Parkinson's disease
The hallmark pathologic features of what disease is dopaminergic deficiency in the striatum,
brainstem, and cortex - correct answer Parkinson's disease
