NURS 504 ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
MIDTERM EXAM 2025-2026|ACTUAL
500+Qs&As|A+GRADE ASSURED:-VIRGINIA
COMMONWEATH UNIVERSITY
A patient cuts his finger. Which fibers transmit the pain signal?
A-delta fibers
Where is the gate located that is referred to in the gate control theory of pain?
Substantia gelatinosa
Massage therapy relieves pain by stimulating the _____ that close the pain gate.
A-beta fibers
When caring for a person who has had pain for 3 days, what physiologic signs of
pain would a nurse expect to find?
Increased heart rate and respiratory rate with diaphoresis
Which is a description of Cheyne-Stokes respirations?
,A smooth increase in rate and depth followed by a gradual smooth
decrease in rate and depth
Which is a characteristic of brainstem death?
Apnea
Which description is consistent with a complex partial seizure?
Consciousness is impaired as well as the ability to respond to
exogenous stimuli
The body compensates to a rise in intracranial pressure by first displacing:
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).
What pathologic alteration produces tremors at rest, rigidity, akinesia, and
postural abnormalities?
Atrophy of neurons in the substantia nigra that produce dopamine
Which neurologic disorder is characterized by cortical nerve cell processes that
have become twisted and dilated?
,Alzheimer disease
A blunt force injury to the forehead would result in a contrecoup injury to the
_____ region.
Occipital lobe
What damage is most likely to occur to the brain in a classic cerebral concussion
(grade IV)?
Diffuse cerebral disconnection from the reticular activating system
The signs of thyroid crisis resulting from Graves disease include:
Hyperthermia and tachycardia.
The level of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) in Graves disease is usually:
Low
Palpation of the neck of a person with Graves disease would detect a thyroid that
is:
, Enlarged diffusely.
What are clinical manifestations of hypothyroidism?
Constipation, decreased heat rate, and lethargy
A person with type 1 diabetes experiences hunger, lightheadedness, tachycardia,
pallor, headache, and confusion. The most probable cause of these symptoms is:
Hypoglycemia caused by increased exercise.
Hyperkalemia develops in the presence of diabetic ketoacidosis because:
Hydrogen ions shift into the cell in exchange for potassium to
compensate for metabolic acidosis.
Which of the following hormones will not raise blood glucose?
Glucagon
Parathyroid hormone
Epinephrine
Cortisol
Glucocorticoids
MIDTERM EXAM 2025-2026|ACTUAL
500+Qs&As|A+GRADE ASSURED:-VIRGINIA
COMMONWEATH UNIVERSITY
A patient cuts his finger. Which fibers transmit the pain signal?
A-delta fibers
Where is the gate located that is referred to in the gate control theory of pain?
Substantia gelatinosa
Massage therapy relieves pain by stimulating the _____ that close the pain gate.
A-beta fibers
When caring for a person who has had pain for 3 days, what physiologic signs of
pain would a nurse expect to find?
Increased heart rate and respiratory rate with diaphoresis
Which is a description of Cheyne-Stokes respirations?
,A smooth increase in rate and depth followed by a gradual smooth
decrease in rate and depth
Which is a characteristic of brainstem death?
Apnea
Which description is consistent with a complex partial seizure?
Consciousness is impaired as well as the ability to respond to
exogenous stimuli
The body compensates to a rise in intracranial pressure by first displacing:
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).
What pathologic alteration produces tremors at rest, rigidity, akinesia, and
postural abnormalities?
Atrophy of neurons in the substantia nigra that produce dopamine
Which neurologic disorder is characterized by cortical nerve cell processes that
have become twisted and dilated?
,Alzheimer disease
A blunt force injury to the forehead would result in a contrecoup injury to the
_____ region.
Occipital lobe
What damage is most likely to occur to the brain in a classic cerebral concussion
(grade IV)?
Diffuse cerebral disconnection from the reticular activating system
The signs of thyroid crisis resulting from Graves disease include:
Hyperthermia and tachycardia.
The level of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) in Graves disease is usually:
Low
Palpation of the neck of a person with Graves disease would detect a thyroid that
is:
, Enlarged diffusely.
What are clinical manifestations of hypothyroidism?
Constipation, decreased heat rate, and lethargy
A person with type 1 diabetes experiences hunger, lightheadedness, tachycardia,
pallor, headache, and confusion. The most probable cause of these symptoms is:
Hypoglycemia caused by increased exercise.
Hyperkalemia develops in the presence of diabetic ketoacidosis because:
Hydrogen ions shift into the cell in exchange for potassium to
compensate for metabolic acidosis.
Which of the following hormones will not raise blood glucose?
Glucagon
Parathyroid hormone
Epinephrine
Cortisol
Glucocorticoids
