PA-CAT Study Guide - Microbiology
Burkholderia cepacia - >>>>>>ANSWER cause less severe infections of burns,
wounds, and lungs
Trichinella spiralis - >>>>>>ANSWER nematode parasite, present in undercooked
meat, especially pork. Causes nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and sweating
Clostridium tetani - >>>>>>ANSWER causative agent of tetanus
Diphyllobothrium latum - >>>>>>ANSWER tapeworm found in undercooked fish
Taenia saginata - >>>>>>ANSWER typically found in undercooked beef
Mannitol Salt Agar - >>>>>>ANSWER selective and differential for staphylococcus
Streptococcus pyogenes - >>>>>>ANSWER Strep throat
Escherichia coli - >>>>>>ANSWER Gram-negative rod, causes diarrhea
Staphylococcus aureus - >>>>>>ANSWER Gram-positive coccus
Streptococcus viridans - >>>>>>ANSWER Part of normal flora of human mouth
Clostridium botulinum - >>>>>>ANSWER Botox, temporary muscle paralysis
Congenital Syphilis - >>>>>>ANSWER Apparent at birth, involves deformities of the
bones
Primary syphilis - >>>>>>ANSWER painless ulcer that self-resolves
Secondary syphilis - >>>>>>ANSWER Maculopapular rash on palms and soles
Tertiary Syphilis - >>>>>>ANSWER Presents 15-20 years after initial exposure with
neurological, cardiovascular, or granulomatous changes
Blastomyces dermatitidis - >>>>>>ANSWER presents with non-specific symptoms of
fever, cough, night sweats, loss of appetite, fatigue, chest pain, myalgias, and
arthralgias. Infection risk factors include travel to endemic areas in the US, such as
midwestern, south-central, and southeastern states, particularly the Ohio and
Mississippi River valleys and the Great Lakes
Cryptococcus neoformans - >>>>>>ANSWER round organism on microscopy, typically
seen as an encapsulated yeast by India ink preparation. Infection seen mainly in those
with HIV or immunodeficient
Francisella tularensis - >>>>>>ANSWER causative organism of tularemia, is a zoonotic
disease that can infect people through contact with ticks or deer flies commonly on
rabbits and other animals.
Mycobacterium tuberculosis - >>>>>>ANSWER Main risk factor is healthcare contacts
Aspergillus fumigatus - >>>>>>ANSWER presents as septate hyphae that branch at a
45° acute angle.
Candida albicans - >>>>>>ANSWER causes oral and esophageal thrush in
immunocompromised patients such as neonates and those with steroids, diabetes, or
AIDS
Malassezia furfur - >>>>>>ANSWER a component of normal skin flora that may cause
the superficial disease pityriasis versicolor
Clostridium difficile - >>>>>>ANSWER Causes mucoidal diarrhea, commonly
associated with frequent use of antibiotics
Shigella dysenteriae - >>>>>>ANSWER causes diarrhea
Metronidazole - >>>>>>ANSWER first treatment for symptomatic bacterial vaginosis
Fluconazole - >>>>>>ANSWER used to treat yeast infections such as candida albicans
Burkholderia cepacia - >>>>>>ANSWER cause less severe infections of burns,
wounds, and lungs
Trichinella spiralis - >>>>>>ANSWER nematode parasite, present in undercooked
meat, especially pork. Causes nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and sweating
Clostridium tetani - >>>>>>ANSWER causative agent of tetanus
Diphyllobothrium latum - >>>>>>ANSWER tapeworm found in undercooked fish
Taenia saginata - >>>>>>ANSWER typically found in undercooked beef
Mannitol Salt Agar - >>>>>>ANSWER selective and differential for staphylococcus
Streptococcus pyogenes - >>>>>>ANSWER Strep throat
Escherichia coli - >>>>>>ANSWER Gram-negative rod, causes diarrhea
Staphylococcus aureus - >>>>>>ANSWER Gram-positive coccus
Streptococcus viridans - >>>>>>ANSWER Part of normal flora of human mouth
Clostridium botulinum - >>>>>>ANSWER Botox, temporary muscle paralysis
Congenital Syphilis - >>>>>>ANSWER Apparent at birth, involves deformities of the
bones
Primary syphilis - >>>>>>ANSWER painless ulcer that self-resolves
Secondary syphilis - >>>>>>ANSWER Maculopapular rash on palms and soles
Tertiary Syphilis - >>>>>>ANSWER Presents 15-20 years after initial exposure with
neurological, cardiovascular, or granulomatous changes
Blastomyces dermatitidis - >>>>>>ANSWER presents with non-specific symptoms of
fever, cough, night sweats, loss of appetite, fatigue, chest pain, myalgias, and
arthralgias. Infection risk factors include travel to endemic areas in the US, such as
midwestern, south-central, and southeastern states, particularly the Ohio and
Mississippi River valleys and the Great Lakes
Cryptococcus neoformans - >>>>>>ANSWER round organism on microscopy, typically
seen as an encapsulated yeast by India ink preparation. Infection seen mainly in those
with HIV or immunodeficient
Francisella tularensis - >>>>>>ANSWER causative organism of tularemia, is a zoonotic
disease that can infect people through contact with ticks or deer flies commonly on
rabbits and other animals.
Mycobacterium tuberculosis - >>>>>>ANSWER Main risk factor is healthcare contacts
Aspergillus fumigatus - >>>>>>ANSWER presents as septate hyphae that branch at a
45° acute angle.
Candida albicans - >>>>>>ANSWER causes oral and esophageal thrush in
immunocompromised patients such as neonates and those with steroids, diabetes, or
AIDS
Malassezia furfur - >>>>>>ANSWER a component of normal skin flora that may cause
the superficial disease pityriasis versicolor
Clostridium difficile - >>>>>>ANSWER Causes mucoidal diarrhea, commonly
associated with frequent use of antibiotics
Shigella dysenteriae - >>>>>>ANSWER causes diarrhea
Metronidazole - >>>>>>ANSWER first treatment for symptomatic bacterial vaginosis
Fluconazole - >>>>>>ANSWER used to treat yeast infections such as candida albicans
