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Exam 2|NUR 170|Med Surg| Study Guide| Latest Updated A+ Score Guide Solution

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NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS Stroke (CVA) Types • Ischemic stroke – thrombotic or embolic (most common) • Hemorrhagic stroke – intracerebral or subarachnoid Risk Factors • Diabetes mellitus • Hypertension • Atrial fibrillation • Smoking • Hyperlipidemia • Advanced age • Sleep apnea Early & Priority Assessment Findings • Change in LOC (earliest sign of ↑ ICP) • Sluggish or unequal pupils • Headache, agitation • Facial droop, arm weakness, slurred speech (FAST) Hemispheric Differences • Left-sided stroke: o Aphasia o Slow, cautious behavior o Aware of deficits → depression common• Right-sided stroke: o Impulsive behavior o Poor judgment o Left-sided neglect o High fall risk Post-Stroke Priorities • Airway & swallowing (keep NPO until swallow eval) • Aspiration precautions • Early mobility with PT/OT • SLP consult for dysphagia Alteplase (tPA) • Must be given within 3–4.5 hours of onset • NO invasive procedures for 24 hours • Monitor closely for bleeding Increased Intracranial Pressure (ICP) Early Si

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NUR 170 Med Surg Exam 2 Study Guide
NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS

Stroke (CVA)

Types

• Ischemic stroke – thrombotic or embolic (most
common)
• Hemorrhagic stroke – intracerebral or subarachnoid

Risk Factors

• Diabetes mellitus
• Hypertension
• Atrial fibrillation
• Smoking
• Hyperlipidemia
• Advanced age
• Sleep apnea

Early & Priority Assessment Findings

• Change in LOC (earliest sign of ↑ ICP)
• Sluggish or unequal pupils
• Headache, agitation
• Facial droop, arm weakness, slurred speech (FAST)

Hemispheric Differences

• Left-sided stroke:
o Aphasia o Slow, cautious
behavior o Aware of deficits
→ depression common

, • Right-sided stroke: o Impulsive behavior o
Poor judgment o Left-sided neglect o High
fall risk

Post-Stroke Priorities

• Airway & swallowing (keep NPO until swallow
eval)
• Aspiration precautions
• Early mobility with PT/OT
• SLP consult for dysphagia

Alteplase (tPA)

• Must be given within 3–4.5 hours of onset
• NO invasive procedures for 24 hours
• Monitor closely for bleeding

Increased Intracranial Pressure (ICP)

Early Signs

• Drowsiness
• Confusion
• Sluggish pupils

Late Signs

• Cushing’s triad: ↑ BP, ↓ HR, irregular respirations
• Posturing

Seizure Disorders

Aura

• Sensory warning before seizure

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  • stroke cva types ischemic stroke thrombotic
  • early priority assessment findings change in l
  • hemispheric differences left sided stroke

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