NURS 3554 EXAM 1 STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Mental illness - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Mental impairment/change in emotions, thinking and behaviors
that interferes with daily functioning
Mental health disorders - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Diagnostic term categorized by group of clinical
manifestations
Diathesis-stress model - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅A diagnostic model that proposes mental health
disorders may develop when an underlying vulnerability (diathesis) is coupled with a precipitating event
(stress)
Stigma - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Negative attitude towards an individual or group (public, self, or
institutional)
Bias - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Prejudice or predisposition toward one side of a subject or issue
DSM-5 - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (defines and
diagnoses mental health conditions)
Serious mental illness (SMI) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Mental illness resulting in profound functional
impairment which substantially interferes with or limits one or more major life activities (shorter life
expectancy, reduced quality of life, unhealthy lifestyle habits)
Mental health continuum - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Well-being -> excelling -> thriving -> surviving ->
struggling -> crisis -> mental illness
Erikson's Developmental Theory - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Development begins in early childhood and
occurs in stages
Each stage has a task, and failing that task negatively affects you in further stages
, Trust vs. Mistrust - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Erikson's first stage during the first year of life where infants
learn to trust when they are cared for in a consistent warm manner; failure to do so causes fear,
mistrust, and difficulty bonding
Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Erikson's second stage in which a toddler
learns to exercise will and to do things independently; failure to do so causes shame and doubt
Initiative vs. Guilt - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Erikson's third stage in which the child finds independence by
asserting power and control through play; failure to do so causes hesitancy to take initiative, guilt, and
poor self confidence
Industry vs. Inferiority - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Erikson's fourth stage between 6 and 11 years, when the
child masters skills and feels competent; failure to do so leads to poor self-esteem and avoiding
challenges
Identity vs. Role Confusion - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Erikson's fifth stage between 12 and 18 years, when
the adolescent is developing a personal identity; failure to do so creates confusion about self, trying on
extreme identities, and peer pressure vulnerability
Intimacy vs. Isolation - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Erikson's sixth stage where the adult is forming
meaningful relationships; failure to do so leads to loneliness
Generativity vs. Stagnation - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Erikson's seventh stage where the middle-aged
adult is contributing to society and the family; failure to do so leads to feeling stuck, self-absorption, and
disengagement from community
Integrity vs. Despair - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Erikson's eighth and final stage where the older adult is
reflecting on life with satisfaction; failure to do so leads to depression, bitterness, fear of death, and
feelings of failure
Primary prevention - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Preventing mental illness before it occurs
Secondary prevention - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Early diagnosis of a mental illness (screening)
Mental illness - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Mental impairment/change in emotions, thinking and behaviors
that interferes with daily functioning
Mental health disorders - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Diagnostic term categorized by group of clinical
manifestations
Diathesis-stress model - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅A diagnostic model that proposes mental health
disorders may develop when an underlying vulnerability (diathesis) is coupled with a precipitating event
(stress)
Stigma - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Negative attitude towards an individual or group (public, self, or
institutional)
Bias - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Prejudice or predisposition toward one side of a subject or issue
DSM-5 - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (defines and
diagnoses mental health conditions)
Serious mental illness (SMI) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Mental illness resulting in profound functional
impairment which substantially interferes with or limits one or more major life activities (shorter life
expectancy, reduced quality of life, unhealthy lifestyle habits)
Mental health continuum - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Well-being -> excelling -> thriving -> surviving ->
struggling -> crisis -> mental illness
Erikson's Developmental Theory - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Development begins in early childhood and
occurs in stages
Each stage has a task, and failing that task negatively affects you in further stages
, Trust vs. Mistrust - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Erikson's first stage during the first year of life where infants
learn to trust when they are cared for in a consistent warm manner; failure to do so causes fear,
mistrust, and difficulty bonding
Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Erikson's second stage in which a toddler
learns to exercise will and to do things independently; failure to do so causes shame and doubt
Initiative vs. Guilt - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Erikson's third stage in which the child finds independence by
asserting power and control through play; failure to do so causes hesitancy to take initiative, guilt, and
poor self confidence
Industry vs. Inferiority - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Erikson's fourth stage between 6 and 11 years, when the
child masters skills and feels competent; failure to do so leads to poor self-esteem and avoiding
challenges
Identity vs. Role Confusion - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Erikson's fifth stage between 12 and 18 years, when
the adolescent is developing a personal identity; failure to do so creates confusion about self, trying on
extreme identities, and peer pressure vulnerability
Intimacy vs. Isolation - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Erikson's sixth stage where the adult is forming
meaningful relationships; failure to do so leads to loneliness
Generativity vs. Stagnation - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Erikson's seventh stage where the middle-aged
adult is contributing to society and the family; failure to do so leads to feeling stuck, self-absorption, and
disengagement from community
Integrity vs. Despair - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Erikson's eighth and final stage where the older adult is
reflecting on life with satisfaction; failure to do so leads to depression, bitterness, fear of death, and
feelings of failure
Primary prevention - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Preventing mental illness before it occurs
Secondary prevention - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Early diagnosis of a mental illness (screening)
