C458 HEALTH, FITNESS, AND WELLNESS STUDY QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

C458 HEALTH, FITNESS, AND
WELLNESS STUDY QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
key6structures6in6the6skeletal6system6-6ANSWERS--
Bones,6joints,6cartilage,6ligament6(bone6to6bone),6tendons6(muscle6to6bone)

three6types6of6muscle6found6in6the6body6-6ANSWERS--
Striated6muscle6(skeletal6muscle,6moves6all6bones),6smooth6muscle6(lines6the6walls6o
f6the6internal6organs),6cardiac6muscle6(both6striated6and6smooth/
6only6found6in6the6heart)



the6two6main6divisions6of6the6nervous6system6-6ANSWERS--
a.6Central6nervous6system:
Brain6and6spinal6cord
b.6Peripheral6nervous6system:
All6the6nerves6outside6brain6&6spinal6cord/
6relay6messages6between6CNS6and6other6areas6of6the6body.6Communicates6with6sen

sory6organs

the6structures6of6the6upper6and6lower6respiratory6tract6-6ANSWERS--
Upper:6nose,6pharynx6(throat)6and6larynx6(voice6box)6Lower:6trachea6(windpipe),6bron
chial6tree6and6lungs

main6structures6of6the6cardiovascular6system6-6ANSWERS--
The6heart,6arteries6(blood6from6heart6to6body6tissues),6and6veins6(oxygen-
poor6blood6to6the6heart)

the6pathway6of6blood6through6the6heart6-6ANSWERS--
Oxygenated6blood6enters6into6the6left6side6of6the6heart,6which6pumps6it6out6of6the6hea
rt6through6the6aorta.6Arteries6and6capillaries6deliver6the6oxygenated6blood6to6the6cells6
in6the6organs.6Veins6carry6oxygen-
poor6blood6and6wastes6(carbon6dioxide6and6water)6from6cells6back6toward6the6lungs,6
where6it6receives6oxygen.

main6organs6of6the6digestive6system6-6ANSWERS--
Mouth,6esophagus,6stomach,6small6intestine,6large6intestine,6anus

major6organs6of6the6urinary6system6-6ANSWERS--Kidneys,6ureter,6bladder,6urethra

immune6system6function6-6ANSWERS--
Also6known6as6the6lymphatic6system.6It6defends6and6protects6the6body6from6foreign6in
vaders6that6can6cause6sickness6and6disease.6Produces,6stores,6and6carries6white6blo
od6cells6(leukocytes)6around6the6body.6It's6made6up6of6lymph,6lymph6nodes,6bone6ma
rrow,6tonsils,6adenoids,6spleen,6and6thymus6gland.

, integumentary6system6-6ANSWERS--
Protects6from6the6environment,6encloses,6lubricates,6and6regulates6body6temp.6It's6m
ade6up6of6skin,6hair,6and6nails.

the6endocrine6system6-6ANSWERS--
Produces6hormones6which6influence6growth,6development,6and6energy-
producing6activities.6The6overall6function6is6to6keep6the6body6in6a6state6of6homeostasi
s.

function6of6the6reproductive6system6and6its6main6organs6and6structures6-
6ANSWERS--

Female:6vagina,6cervix,6uterus,6fallopian6tubes,6and6ovaries.6Male:6testis,6scrotum,6pr
ostate,6vas6deferens,6penis.

Cardiorespiratory6fitness6-6ANSWERS--
helps6heart6and6lungs,6reduces6risk6of6chronic6diseases.6Weight6control.6Reduced6ris
k6of6obesity,6cardiovascular6disease,6type626diabetes,6and6some6cancers.6Reduces6bl
ood6pressure,6improves6mood,6self-esteem,6sleep,6and6blood6cholesterol6levels.

Muscular6strength6-6ANSWERS--
helps6improve6muscle6strength,6posture,6ease6of6movement,6and6the6ability6to6perfor
m6everyday6activities.6Makes6tendons,6ligaments,6and6bones6stronger.

Muscular6Endurance6-6ANSWERS--
improves6heart6health,6aids6in6weight6loss,6improves6mood6and6sleep6quality,6prevent
s6age-6related6decline,6increases6lifespan

Flexibility6-6ANSWERS--
allows6muscles6to6work6at6their6full6potential,6reduces6the6risk6of6injury6and6pain,6and6i
mproves6posture6and6balance

body6composition6-6ANSWERS--
decreased6risk6of6type626diabetes,6hypertension,6and6heart6disease.6Increased6functi
onal6ability.6A6better6calorie-
burning6metabolism6throughout6the6day.6A6lean6and6toned6body

non-REM6sleep6-6ANSWERS--Stage616transitions6between6wakefulness6and6sleep.
Stage626is6reached6when6you6are6asleep.
Stage636is6called6deep6sleep6or6slow-
wave6sleep.6The6body6needs6this6stage6to6feel6refreshed6in6the6morning

relationship6between6sleep6and6health6-6ANSWERS--
Sleep6deficiency6is6linked6to6many6chronic6health6problems,6including6high6blood6pres
sure,6heart6disease,6diabetes,6obesity,6and6depression.

strategies6for6achieving6better6sleep6-6ANSWERS--Set6a6sleep6schedule
Exercise620-306mins6a6day6but6no6later6than6a6few6hours6before6bed
Avoid6caffeine6and6nicotine6late6in6the6day6and6alcoholic6drinks6before6bed
Avoid6using6digital6devices6306mins6before6bed
Relax6before6bed