Data Analysis Final Exam with
Accurate Solutions
A standardized form of a frequency that ranges from 0.00 to 100.00 is referred to as... -
ANSWER-a. a frequency
b. a percent *
c. a proportion
d. a proposition
A researcher wants to answer the bivariate research questions "is a victim's gender-
related to whether or not the offender will be convicted for the crime?" They collect data
on victims gender (male or female) and whether the offender was convicted (no or yes).
How many rows and how many columns would a contingency table have? - ANSWER-
a. two rows and one column
b. one column and two rows
c. two rows and two columns*
d. four rows and zero columns
A crosstab can be used with either categorical or continuous data - ANSWER-a. true
b. false *
A researcher wants to answer the bivariate research question "are defendants who
plead guilty sentenced more leniently than those who insist on going to trial?" They
measure the plea decisions as "guilty plea" or "trial" and the sentence as the number of
months of incarceration to which defendants were sentenced. What is the independent
variable? - ANSWER-a. sentence length
b. guilty plea
c. type of plea decision *
d. trial
A researcher wants to answer the bivariate research question "are defendants who
plead guilty sentenced more leniently than those who insist on going to trial?" They
measure the plea decisions as "guilty plea" or "trial" and the sentence as the number of
months of incarceration to which defendants were sentenced. What is the appropriate
type of bivariate analysis to answer the research question? - ANSWER-a. correlation
b. means comparison*
c. contingency table
The age at which an offender was arrested for the first time in a(n) ____________ level
of measurement? - ANSWER-a. nominal
, b. ordinal
c. interval
d. ratio*
A suspects race ismeasured as WHITE, BLACK, LATINO and OTHER is a(n)
_________________ level of measurment? - ANSWER-a. nominal*
b. ordinal
c. interval
d. ratio
The number of times someone has shoplifted in her or his life is a(n) ________ level of
measurement? - ANSWER-a. nominal
b. ordinal
c. interval
d. ratio *
Jeff wants to know whether arrested suspects perceptions of the way police treated
them during an encounter affected the likelihood that those suspects would commit
more crimes in the future. What is the dependent variable in this study? - ANSWER-a.
suspects perception of police treatment
b. police treatment
c. likelihood of suspect committing more crimes (recidivisim) *
d. police encounters
Which statistical analysis would be used if the independent variable was a criminal
defendants ages at sentencing (measured in years) and the dependent variable was the
length of confinement (measured in months)? - ANSWER-a. crosstab
b. mean comparison
c. frequency distribution
d. correlation
Which statistical analysis would be used if the independent variable was police force
size (measured as the number of officers per 1,000 residents) and the dependent
variable was crime rates (measured as the number of crimes per 1,000 residents) within
counties? - ANSWER-a. crosstab
b. mean comparisons
c. frequency distribution
d. correlation*
Which statistical analysis would be used if the independent variable was a criminal
defendants gender (measured as male or female) and the dependent variable was
whether they obtained pretrial release (measured as yes or no)? - ANSWER-a.
crosstab*
b. mean comparisons
c. frequency distribution
d. correlation
Accurate Solutions
A standardized form of a frequency that ranges from 0.00 to 100.00 is referred to as... -
ANSWER-a. a frequency
b. a percent *
c. a proportion
d. a proposition
A researcher wants to answer the bivariate research questions "is a victim's gender-
related to whether or not the offender will be convicted for the crime?" They collect data
on victims gender (male or female) and whether the offender was convicted (no or yes).
How many rows and how many columns would a contingency table have? - ANSWER-
a. two rows and one column
b. one column and two rows
c. two rows and two columns*
d. four rows and zero columns
A crosstab can be used with either categorical or continuous data - ANSWER-a. true
b. false *
A researcher wants to answer the bivariate research question "are defendants who
plead guilty sentenced more leniently than those who insist on going to trial?" They
measure the plea decisions as "guilty plea" or "trial" and the sentence as the number of
months of incarceration to which defendants were sentenced. What is the independent
variable? - ANSWER-a. sentence length
b. guilty plea
c. type of plea decision *
d. trial
A researcher wants to answer the bivariate research question "are defendants who
plead guilty sentenced more leniently than those who insist on going to trial?" They
measure the plea decisions as "guilty plea" or "trial" and the sentence as the number of
months of incarceration to which defendants were sentenced. What is the appropriate
type of bivariate analysis to answer the research question? - ANSWER-a. correlation
b. means comparison*
c. contingency table
The age at which an offender was arrested for the first time in a(n) ____________ level
of measurement? - ANSWER-a. nominal
, b. ordinal
c. interval
d. ratio*
A suspects race ismeasured as WHITE, BLACK, LATINO and OTHER is a(n)
_________________ level of measurment? - ANSWER-a. nominal*
b. ordinal
c. interval
d. ratio
The number of times someone has shoplifted in her or his life is a(n) ________ level of
measurement? - ANSWER-a. nominal
b. ordinal
c. interval
d. ratio *
Jeff wants to know whether arrested suspects perceptions of the way police treated
them during an encounter affected the likelihood that those suspects would commit
more crimes in the future. What is the dependent variable in this study? - ANSWER-a.
suspects perception of police treatment
b. police treatment
c. likelihood of suspect committing more crimes (recidivisim) *
d. police encounters
Which statistical analysis would be used if the independent variable was a criminal
defendants ages at sentencing (measured in years) and the dependent variable was the
length of confinement (measured in months)? - ANSWER-a. crosstab
b. mean comparison
c. frequency distribution
d. correlation
Which statistical analysis would be used if the independent variable was police force
size (measured as the number of officers per 1,000 residents) and the dependent
variable was crime rates (measured as the number of crimes per 1,000 residents) within
counties? - ANSWER-a. crosstab
b. mean comparisons
c. frequency distribution
d. correlation*
Which statistical analysis would be used if the independent variable was a criminal
defendants gender (measured as male or female) and the dependent variable was
whether they obtained pretrial release (measured as yes or no)? - ANSWER-a.
crosstab*
b. mean comparisons
c. frequency distribution
d. correlation
