NURS8024 Pharm Exam 1 ACTUAL EXAM TEST QUESTIONS &
ANSWERS (A+ GRADED 100% VERIFIED) 2026 LATEST!!
Gastric acid secretion by parietal cells of the gastric mucosa are stimulated
by - (ANSWERS)*acetycholine, histamine, gastrin
Receptor-mediated binding of acetylcholine, histamine, or gastrin results in
- (ANSWERS)*the activation of protein kinases, which in
Turn stimulates the H+/K+-adenosine triphosphatase (atpase) proton pump
Gastrin and acetylcholine stimulate release of - (ANSWERS)histamine
Receptor binding of prostaglandin E2 and
Somatostatin diminish - (ANSWERS)gastric acid production
Antacids - (ANSWERS)weak bases that react with gastric acid to
Form water and a salt → diminishing gastric acidity
Reduce pepsin activity - pepsin inactive at a ph >4
Wide variety* in chemical composition, acid-neutralizing capacity, sodium
content, palatability, and price
Acid neutralizing ability* of an antacid depends on its capacity to neutralize
gastric hcl and on whether the stomach is full or empty
,NURS8024 Pharm Exam 1 ACTUAL EXAM TEST QUESTIONS &
ANSWERS (A+ GRADED 100% VERIFIED) 2026 LATEST!!
• food delays stomach emptying, allowing more time for the antacid to react
Therapeutic uses of antacids - (ANSWERS)• Symptomatic relief of peptic
ulcer disease (PUD) and gastroesophageal reflux (GERD)
• May promote healing of duodenal ulcers, but not
Robust evidence for efficacy in Tx of acute gastric
Ulcers
• Calcium carbonate preparations
• also used as calcium supplements for the treatment of osteoporosis
Commonly used antacid drugs - (ANSWERS)Classes
• Calcium salts: calcium carbonate: Tums/Rolaids
• Sodium bicarbonate: Alka-Seltzer
• Aluminum salts - Aluminum hydroxide: Amphojel; Aluminum carbonate:
Basaljel
• Magnesium salts/ magnesium oxide: Milk of Magnesia
• Combination products
• Aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide (Maalox, Mylanta)
• Alginic acid, magnesium trisilicate, calcium stearate
(Gaviscon)
Adverse effects of antacids - (ANSWERS)• Aluminum hydroxide tends to
be constipating
,NURS8024 Pharm Exam 1 ACTUAL EXAM TEST QUESTIONS &
ANSWERS (A+ GRADED 100% VERIFIED) 2026 LATEST!!
• Magnesium hydroxide tends to cause diarrhea
• Binding of phosphate by aluminum-containing antacids →
hypophosphatemia
• Sodium bicarbonate → belching and flatulence, potential for systemic
alkalosis
• Sodium content of antacids → can be important in pts w/ HTN or CHF
• Excessive intake of calcium carbonate along w/ calcium foods →
hypercalcemia
Mucosal Protective Agents - (ANSWERS)Cytoprotective compounds
Sucralfate
Bismuth Compounds
Cytoprotective Compounds - (ANSWERS)enhance mucosal protection
Mechanisms → preventing mucosal injury, ↓ inflammation, promotes
healing of existing ulcers
Sucralfate - (ANSWERS)complex of aluminum hydroxide and sulfated
sucrose
• Small, poorly soluble molecule
• Polymerizes in stomach acid → binds to injured tissue, forms physical
barrier coating over ulcer bed- impairs diffusion of hcl and prevents
degradation of mucus by pepsin and acid
, NURS8024 Pharm Exam 1 ACTUAL EXAM TEST QUESTIONS &
ANSWERS (A+ GRADED 100% VERIFIED) 2026 LATEST!!
• Accelerates healing of peptic ulcers and ↓ recurrence rate
• Stimulates prostaglandin release, mucus and bicarbonate output
• *BIG drawback.... Must be taken qid• used in long-term maintenance
therapy to prevent recurrence
• Requires an acidic ph for activation -should not be administered with H2
antagonists or antacids
• Little of the drug is absorbed systemically, very well tolerated
• Can interfere w/ absorption of other drugs by binding to them
• Does not prevent NSAID-induced ulcers
Bismuth Compounds - (ANSWERS)• Coats ulcers → protective layer
against acid and pepsin
• May stimulate prostaglandin, mucus, and bicarbonate secretion
• Antimicrobial effect- binds enterotoxins
• reduces stool frequency & liquidity in acute infectious diarrhea
• Causes black stools- harmless
• Avoid in renal insufficiency
In geriatric patients avoid use of - (ANSWERS)- antacids that contain
magnesium in patients with renal failure
- sodium-containing antacids because of fluid
Retention
ANSWERS (A+ GRADED 100% VERIFIED) 2026 LATEST!!
Gastric acid secretion by parietal cells of the gastric mucosa are stimulated
by - (ANSWERS)*acetycholine, histamine, gastrin
Receptor-mediated binding of acetylcholine, histamine, or gastrin results in
- (ANSWERS)*the activation of protein kinases, which in
Turn stimulates the H+/K+-adenosine triphosphatase (atpase) proton pump
Gastrin and acetylcholine stimulate release of - (ANSWERS)histamine
Receptor binding of prostaglandin E2 and
Somatostatin diminish - (ANSWERS)gastric acid production
Antacids - (ANSWERS)weak bases that react with gastric acid to
Form water and a salt → diminishing gastric acidity
Reduce pepsin activity - pepsin inactive at a ph >4
Wide variety* in chemical composition, acid-neutralizing capacity, sodium
content, palatability, and price
Acid neutralizing ability* of an antacid depends on its capacity to neutralize
gastric hcl and on whether the stomach is full or empty
,NURS8024 Pharm Exam 1 ACTUAL EXAM TEST QUESTIONS &
ANSWERS (A+ GRADED 100% VERIFIED) 2026 LATEST!!
• food delays stomach emptying, allowing more time for the antacid to react
Therapeutic uses of antacids - (ANSWERS)• Symptomatic relief of peptic
ulcer disease (PUD) and gastroesophageal reflux (GERD)
• May promote healing of duodenal ulcers, but not
Robust evidence for efficacy in Tx of acute gastric
Ulcers
• Calcium carbonate preparations
• also used as calcium supplements for the treatment of osteoporosis
Commonly used antacid drugs - (ANSWERS)Classes
• Calcium salts: calcium carbonate: Tums/Rolaids
• Sodium bicarbonate: Alka-Seltzer
• Aluminum salts - Aluminum hydroxide: Amphojel; Aluminum carbonate:
Basaljel
• Magnesium salts/ magnesium oxide: Milk of Magnesia
• Combination products
• Aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide (Maalox, Mylanta)
• Alginic acid, magnesium trisilicate, calcium stearate
(Gaviscon)
Adverse effects of antacids - (ANSWERS)• Aluminum hydroxide tends to
be constipating
,NURS8024 Pharm Exam 1 ACTUAL EXAM TEST QUESTIONS &
ANSWERS (A+ GRADED 100% VERIFIED) 2026 LATEST!!
• Magnesium hydroxide tends to cause diarrhea
• Binding of phosphate by aluminum-containing antacids →
hypophosphatemia
• Sodium bicarbonate → belching and flatulence, potential for systemic
alkalosis
• Sodium content of antacids → can be important in pts w/ HTN or CHF
• Excessive intake of calcium carbonate along w/ calcium foods →
hypercalcemia
Mucosal Protective Agents - (ANSWERS)Cytoprotective compounds
Sucralfate
Bismuth Compounds
Cytoprotective Compounds - (ANSWERS)enhance mucosal protection
Mechanisms → preventing mucosal injury, ↓ inflammation, promotes
healing of existing ulcers
Sucralfate - (ANSWERS)complex of aluminum hydroxide and sulfated
sucrose
• Small, poorly soluble molecule
• Polymerizes in stomach acid → binds to injured tissue, forms physical
barrier coating over ulcer bed- impairs diffusion of hcl and prevents
degradation of mucus by pepsin and acid
, NURS8024 Pharm Exam 1 ACTUAL EXAM TEST QUESTIONS &
ANSWERS (A+ GRADED 100% VERIFIED) 2026 LATEST!!
• Accelerates healing of peptic ulcers and ↓ recurrence rate
• Stimulates prostaglandin release, mucus and bicarbonate output
• *BIG drawback.... Must be taken qid• used in long-term maintenance
therapy to prevent recurrence
• Requires an acidic ph for activation -should not be administered with H2
antagonists or antacids
• Little of the drug is absorbed systemically, very well tolerated
• Can interfere w/ absorption of other drugs by binding to them
• Does not prevent NSAID-induced ulcers
Bismuth Compounds - (ANSWERS)• Coats ulcers → protective layer
against acid and pepsin
• May stimulate prostaglandin, mucus, and bicarbonate secretion
• Antimicrobial effect- binds enterotoxins
• reduces stool frequency & liquidity in acute infectious diarrhea
• Causes black stools- harmless
• Avoid in renal insufficiency
In geriatric patients avoid use of - (ANSWERS)- antacids that contain
magnesium in patients with renal failure
- sodium-containing antacids because of fluid
Retention
