HESI A2 Anatomy & Physiology (New) | Actual Exam
Questions & 100% Correct Answers | Latest Update
2026 | HESI Exam Prep
1. Describe the significance of the five sections of the vertebral column in
human anatomy.
The five sections of the vertebral column are all identical in function
and structure.
The five sections of the vertebral column provide structural support
and protect the spinal cord while allowing flexibility and movement.
The five sections of the vertebral column are primarily for muscle
attachment only.
The five sections of the vertebral column are only relevant in fetal
development.
2. If a person suffers a fracture to one of their nasal bones, which aspect of
facial anatomy would be directly affected?
The alignment of the jaw
The curvature of the spine
The function of the ears
The structure of the nose
3. Which layer of the skin is responsible for the production of new skin cells
through mitosis?
Stratum germinativum
Epidermis
Stratum corneum
, Dermis
4. If a cell's Golgi apparatus is malfunctioning, what impact might this have on
the cell's ability to function?
Impaired secretion and distribution of proteins and lipids.
Increased storage of genetic material.
Enhanced translation of RNA into proteins.
Improved breakdown of waste materials.
5. Which structure is included in the appendicular skeleton?
Skull
Vertebral column
Sternum
Girdles
6. Describe the role of ceruminous glands in maintaining ear health.
Ceruminous glands lubricate the skin to prevent dryness.
Ceruminous glands secrete saliva to aid in digestion.
Ceruminous glands produce sweat to regulate body temperature.
Ceruminous glands secrete earwax, which helps protect the ear
canal from debris and infection.
7. What is the primary role of the rough endoplasmic reticulum in a cell?
To regulate the transport of substances in and out of the cell
To package and transport proteins throughout the cell
To assist in protein synthesis
, To hydrolyze viruses and other foreign bodies in the cell
8. Which type of tissue is primarily responsible for connecting different parts of
the body?
Epithelial
Nervous
Muscle
Connective
9. What is the term used to describe the bones located in the ankle?
Ossicles
Phalanges
Meta tarsals
Tarsals
10. __________ tissue is the most abundant tissue type.
Epithelial
Nervous
Connective
Muscle
11. If a patient on a strict vegan diet presents with yellowing skin, what dietary
adjustments would you recommend to prevent further accumulation of beta-
carotene?
Add more soda to the diet for hydration.
Reduce the intake of carrots and other high-beta-carotene foods.
Increase the consumption of shellfish for vitamin A.
, Increase the intake of cabbage to balance nutrients.
12. If the dermis were to be damaged, what potential effect could this have on
the skin's connection to the muscles?
The skin may become less stable and more prone to injury.
The skin will regenerate faster than normal.
The skin will completely detach from the muscles.
The skin will become thicker and more resilient.
13. How many bones are in the adult human skull?
30
18
22
12
14. Describe the characteristics that make basal cell carcinoma the most easily
identifiable form of skin cancer.
Basal cell carcinoma typically appears as a small, shiny bump or a
sore that doesn't heal, making it easily recognizable.
Basal cell carcinoma is characterized by dark, irregular moles that
change shape.
Basal cell carcinoma often presents as a scaly patch that is red and
itchy.
Basal cell carcinoma is usually found in areas not exposed to sunlight.
15. Symptoms from herpes infections are intense and the skin lesions are manily
Vesicular
Questions & 100% Correct Answers | Latest Update
2026 | HESI Exam Prep
1. Describe the significance of the five sections of the vertebral column in
human anatomy.
The five sections of the vertebral column are all identical in function
and structure.
The five sections of the vertebral column provide structural support
and protect the spinal cord while allowing flexibility and movement.
The five sections of the vertebral column are primarily for muscle
attachment only.
The five sections of the vertebral column are only relevant in fetal
development.
2. If a person suffers a fracture to one of their nasal bones, which aspect of
facial anatomy would be directly affected?
The alignment of the jaw
The curvature of the spine
The function of the ears
The structure of the nose
3. Which layer of the skin is responsible for the production of new skin cells
through mitosis?
Stratum germinativum
Epidermis
Stratum corneum
, Dermis
4. If a cell's Golgi apparatus is malfunctioning, what impact might this have on
the cell's ability to function?
Impaired secretion and distribution of proteins and lipids.
Increased storage of genetic material.
Enhanced translation of RNA into proteins.
Improved breakdown of waste materials.
5. Which structure is included in the appendicular skeleton?
Skull
Vertebral column
Sternum
Girdles
6. Describe the role of ceruminous glands in maintaining ear health.
Ceruminous glands lubricate the skin to prevent dryness.
Ceruminous glands secrete saliva to aid in digestion.
Ceruminous glands produce sweat to regulate body temperature.
Ceruminous glands secrete earwax, which helps protect the ear
canal from debris and infection.
7. What is the primary role of the rough endoplasmic reticulum in a cell?
To regulate the transport of substances in and out of the cell
To package and transport proteins throughout the cell
To assist in protein synthesis
, To hydrolyze viruses and other foreign bodies in the cell
8. Which type of tissue is primarily responsible for connecting different parts of
the body?
Epithelial
Nervous
Muscle
Connective
9. What is the term used to describe the bones located in the ankle?
Ossicles
Phalanges
Meta tarsals
Tarsals
10. __________ tissue is the most abundant tissue type.
Epithelial
Nervous
Connective
Muscle
11. If a patient on a strict vegan diet presents with yellowing skin, what dietary
adjustments would you recommend to prevent further accumulation of beta-
carotene?
Add more soda to the diet for hydration.
Reduce the intake of carrots and other high-beta-carotene foods.
Increase the consumption of shellfish for vitamin A.
, Increase the intake of cabbage to balance nutrients.
12. If the dermis were to be damaged, what potential effect could this have on
the skin's connection to the muscles?
The skin may become less stable and more prone to injury.
The skin will regenerate faster than normal.
The skin will completely detach from the muscles.
The skin will become thicker and more resilient.
13. How many bones are in the adult human skull?
30
18
22
12
14. Describe the characteristics that make basal cell carcinoma the most easily
identifiable form of skin cancer.
Basal cell carcinoma typically appears as a small, shiny bump or a
sore that doesn't heal, making it easily recognizable.
Basal cell carcinoma is characterized by dark, irregular moles that
change shape.
Basal cell carcinoma often presents as a scaly patch that is red and
itchy.
Basal cell carcinoma is usually found in areas not exposed to sunlight.
15. Symptoms from herpes infections are intense and the skin lesions are manily
Vesicular
