Anatomy And Physiology 1 Exam 1
Questions And Answers 100% Correct
appositional growth - ANSWERS occurs within the periosteum; circumferential
lamallae develop in the bone (like tree rings); medullary cavity forms in center
Bone remodeling - ANSWERS bones replaced regularly eveery few years,
mechanical stress through exercise causes bone growth
bone connective tissue - ANSWERS
osteoprogenitor cells - ANSWERS stem cells, multiply through mitosis (1 progenitor,
one osteoblast)
osteoblasts - ANSWERS secret initial bone matrix osteoid; hardened bone; become
trapped in the matrix they create and become osteocytes
osteocytes - ANSWERS mature bone cells that have lost their bone forming ability
when they become trapped by calcified osteoid; signal osteocyes when bone is
stressed
osteoclasts - ANSWERS involved in breaking down bone called resorption
organic and inorganic chemical components of bone - ANSWERS
anatomy - ANSWERS study of structure and form; derived from Greek word
Anatome which means to cut apart or dissect; Anatomists study structure and form of
organims studying the relationships among parts of the body and the structure of
individual organs
physiology - ANSWERS the study of function of the body parts; physiologists
examine how organs and body systems function under normal circumstances as well as
how their functions are altered with medication or disease
branches of anatomy - ANSWERS microscopic- structures that cannot be observed
to the unaided eye
(cytology- study of body cells and their internal structure;
histology- study of tissues)
gross anatomy- structures that can be observed to the unaided eye,; macroscopic
(systemic anatomy- anatomy of each body system;
regional anatomy- examines all of the structures in a particular region of the body as a
complete unit)
, embryology - ANSWERS discipline concerned with developmental changes
occuring from conception to birth
comparative A&P - ANSWERS examines similarities and differences of anatomy
and physiology of different species
pathophysiology - ANSWERS relationship between the functioning of an organ
system and disease or injury to that organ system
basic qualities of life - ANSWERS organization- each organism has a complex
structure and order
metabolism- the sum of all chemical reactions to occur within a body; anabolism
(smaller molecules form larger) and catabolism (larger molecules are broken down to
smaller)
growth and development- each organism assimilates materials from its environment
and often grows and develops
responsiveness- ability to sense and react to stimuli
regulation- ability to adjust or direct internal bodily function in the face of environmental
changes- homeostasis- ability of an organism to maintain a consistent internal
environment
organization of the human body - ANSWERS chemical level- consists of atoms,
molecules, macromolecules, and organelles
cell level- consists of cells, made up of structures and molecules from chemical level
tissue level- made up of tissues which are made of cells
organ level- made up of organs made up of 2-3 tissue types that work together for
specific, complex functions
organ system level- organs that work together to coordinate activities and achieve a
common function
anterior - ANSWERS in front of
posterior - ANSWERS in back of
dorsal - ANSWERS on the backside of the human body
ventral - ANSWERS on the belly side of the human body
superior - ANSWERS closer to the head
inferior - ANSWERS closer to the feet
Questions And Answers 100% Correct
appositional growth - ANSWERS occurs within the periosteum; circumferential
lamallae develop in the bone (like tree rings); medullary cavity forms in center
Bone remodeling - ANSWERS bones replaced regularly eveery few years,
mechanical stress through exercise causes bone growth
bone connective tissue - ANSWERS
osteoprogenitor cells - ANSWERS stem cells, multiply through mitosis (1 progenitor,
one osteoblast)
osteoblasts - ANSWERS secret initial bone matrix osteoid; hardened bone; become
trapped in the matrix they create and become osteocytes
osteocytes - ANSWERS mature bone cells that have lost their bone forming ability
when they become trapped by calcified osteoid; signal osteocyes when bone is
stressed
osteoclasts - ANSWERS involved in breaking down bone called resorption
organic and inorganic chemical components of bone - ANSWERS
anatomy - ANSWERS study of structure and form; derived from Greek word
Anatome which means to cut apart or dissect; Anatomists study structure and form of
organims studying the relationships among parts of the body and the structure of
individual organs
physiology - ANSWERS the study of function of the body parts; physiologists
examine how organs and body systems function under normal circumstances as well as
how their functions are altered with medication or disease
branches of anatomy - ANSWERS microscopic- structures that cannot be observed
to the unaided eye
(cytology- study of body cells and their internal structure;
histology- study of tissues)
gross anatomy- structures that can be observed to the unaided eye,; macroscopic
(systemic anatomy- anatomy of each body system;
regional anatomy- examines all of the structures in a particular region of the body as a
complete unit)
, embryology - ANSWERS discipline concerned with developmental changes
occuring from conception to birth
comparative A&P - ANSWERS examines similarities and differences of anatomy
and physiology of different species
pathophysiology - ANSWERS relationship between the functioning of an organ
system and disease or injury to that organ system
basic qualities of life - ANSWERS organization- each organism has a complex
structure and order
metabolism- the sum of all chemical reactions to occur within a body; anabolism
(smaller molecules form larger) and catabolism (larger molecules are broken down to
smaller)
growth and development- each organism assimilates materials from its environment
and often grows and develops
responsiveness- ability to sense and react to stimuli
regulation- ability to adjust or direct internal bodily function in the face of environmental
changes- homeostasis- ability of an organism to maintain a consistent internal
environment
organization of the human body - ANSWERS chemical level- consists of atoms,
molecules, macromolecules, and organelles
cell level- consists of cells, made up of structures and molecules from chemical level
tissue level- made up of tissues which are made of cells
organ level- made up of organs made up of 2-3 tissue types that work together for
specific, complex functions
organ system level- organs that work together to coordinate activities and achieve a
common function
anterior - ANSWERS in front of
posterior - ANSWERS in back of
dorsal - ANSWERS on the backside of the human body
ventral - ANSWERS on the belly side of the human body
superior - ANSWERS closer to the head
inferior - ANSWERS closer to the feet
