,Solution Manual 9 %
Fundamentals of Environmental Sampli ng andAnalys
9% 9% 9% 9% 8%
is
Second Edition
9%
Chunlong Zhang Univ 9% 9%
ersity of Houston-
9% 9%
Clear Lake Texas,USA
9% 9% 9% 9%
,This edition first published 2024
9 % 9 % 9 % 9 %
© 2024 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 %
Edition History 9 %
First edition © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 %
All rights reserved, including rights for text and data mining and training of artificial technolo
9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 %
gies or si milar technologies. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retri
9 % 9 % 9% 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 %
eval system, or trans mitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying,
9 % 9 % 9 % 9% 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 %
recording or otherwise, except as permitted by law. Advice on how to obtain permission to r
9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9% 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 %
euse material from this title is available a t http://www.wiley.com/go/ permissions.
9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 %
The right of Chunlong Zhang to be identified as the author of this editorial material in this
9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 %
work has b een asserted in accordance with law.
9 % 9 % 9% 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 %
Registered Office 9 %
John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030, USA
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For details of our global editorial offices, customer services, and more information about Wiley prod
9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 %
ucts vi sit us at www.wiley.com.
9 % 9% 9 % 9 % 9 %
Wiley also publishes its books in a variety of electronic formats and by print-on-
9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 %
demand. Some content that appears in standard print versions of this book may not be available i
9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 %
n other f ormats.
9 % 9 % 9%
Trademarks: Wiley and the Wiley logo are trademarks or registered trademarks of John Wiley & Sons, I
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nc. and/ or its affiliates in the United States and other countries and may not be used without w
9 % 9% 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 %
ritten permission 9 %
. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. is
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not associ ated with any product or vendor mentioned in this book.
9 % 9% 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 %
Limit of Liability/Disclaimer of Warranty
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In view of ongoing research, equipment modifications, changes in governmental regulations, and the co
9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9% 9 % 9 % 9% 9 %
nstan t flow of information relating to the use of experimental reagents, equipment, and devices, the r
9% 9 % 9 % 9% 9% 9% 9% 9% 9% 9% 9% 9% 9% 9% 9% 9%
eader is urge d to review and 9% 9% 9% 9% 9% 9%
evaluate the information provided in the package insert or instructions for each chemical, piece of equipment, r
9% 9% 9% 9% 9% 9% 9% 9% 9% 9% 9% 9% 9% 9% 9% 9%
e agent, or device for, among other things, any changes in the instructions or indication of usage a
9% 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 %
nd for add ed warnings
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and precautions. While the publisher and authors have used their best efforts in preparing this work, the
9% 9% 9% 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9% 9 % 9% 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 %
y make no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the contents
9% 9% 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9
%of this work an d specifically disclaim all warranties, including without limitation any implied warranti
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es of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. No warranty may be created or extended by s
9% 9% 9% 9% 9% 9% 9% 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 %
ales representatives, written sale s materials or promotional statements for this work. The fact that an
9 % 9 % 9 % 9% 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9
%organization, website, or product is refe rred to in this work as a citation and/ or potential source
9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9% 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 %
of further information does not mean that the publi sher and authors endorse the information or services t
9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9% 9% 9 % 9% 9 % 9% 9% 9 % 9%
he organization, website, or product may provide or reco mmendations it may make. This work is sold
9 % 9 % 9 % 9% 9 % 9 % 9 % 9% 9% 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 %
with the understanding that the publisher is not engaged in ren dering professional services. The adv
9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9% 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 %
ice and strategies contained herein may not be suitable for your situatio
9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 %
n. You should consult with a specialist where appropriate. Further, readers should be aware that websit
9% 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9% 9 % 9 % 9 % 9% 9% 9% 9%
es liste d in this work may have changed or disappeared between when this work was written and when it
8% 9% 9% 9% 9% 9% 9% 9% 9% 9% 9% 9% 9% 9% 9% 9% 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 %
is read. N either the publisher nor authors shall be liable for any loss of profit or any other commer
9 % 9 % 9% 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 %
cial damages, inclu ding but not limited to special, incidental, consequential, or other damages.
9 % 9 % 9% 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 %
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
9 % 9 % 9 % 9 %
Names: Zhang, Chunlong, 1964- author. | John Wiley & Sons, publisher.
9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 %
Title: Fundamentals of environmental sampling and analysis / Chunlong
9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 %
9 Zhang. Description: Second edition. | Hoboken, NJ : JW-
% 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 %
Wiley, 2024. | Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers: LCCN 2023057815 (print) | Se
9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9% 9 % 9 % 9 % 9%
t ISB N 9781394244621 | ISBN 9781394241651 (epdf) |
9 % 9% 9% 9 % 9% 9% 9% 9 %
ISBN 9781394241668 (epub) | ISBN 9781394241644 (SM)
9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 %
Subjects: LCSH: Environmental sampling. | Environmental sciences--
9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 %
Statistical methods. Classification: LCC GE45.S75 Z43 2024 (print) | LCC GE45.S75 (eboo
9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 %
k) | D DC 628--dc23/eng/20240131 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2023057815
9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 %
LC ebook record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2023057816
9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 %
, Cover Design: Wiley
9 % 9 %
Cover Image: © Iana Kunitsa/Getty Images
9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 %
Fundamentals of Environmental Sampli ng andAnalys
9% 9% 9% 9% 8%
is
Second Edition
9%
Chunlong Zhang Univ 9% 9%
ersity of Houston-
9% 9%
Clear Lake Texas,USA
9% 9% 9% 9%
,This edition first published 2024
9 % 9 % 9 % 9 %
© 2024 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 %
Edition History 9 %
First edition © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 %
All rights reserved, including rights for text and data mining and training of artificial technolo
9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 %
gies or si milar technologies. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retri
9 % 9 % 9% 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 %
eval system, or trans mitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying,
9 % 9 % 9 % 9% 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 %
recording or otherwise, except as permitted by law. Advice on how to obtain permission to r
9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9% 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 %
euse material from this title is available a t http://www.wiley.com/go/ permissions.
9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 %
The right of Chunlong Zhang to be identified as the author of this editorial material in this
9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 %
work has b een asserted in accordance with law.
9 % 9 % 9% 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 %
Registered Office 9 %
John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030, USA
9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 %
For details of our global editorial offices, customer services, and more information about Wiley prod
9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 %
ucts vi sit us at www.wiley.com.
9 % 9% 9 % 9 % 9 %
Wiley also publishes its books in a variety of electronic formats and by print-on-
9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 %
demand. Some content that appears in standard print versions of this book may not be available i
9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 %
n other f ormats.
9 % 9 % 9%
Trademarks: Wiley and the Wiley logo are trademarks or registered trademarks of John Wiley & Sons, I
9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 %
nc. and/ or its affiliates in the United States and other countries and may not be used without w
9 % 9% 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 %
ritten permission 9 %
. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. is
9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 %
not associ ated with any product or vendor mentioned in this book.
9 % 9% 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 %
Limit of Liability/Disclaimer of Warranty
9 % 9 % 9 % 9 %
In view of ongoing research, equipment modifications, changes in governmental regulations, and the co
9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9% 9 % 9 % 9% 9 %
nstan t flow of information relating to the use of experimental reagents, equipment, and devices, the r
9% 9 % 9 % 9% 9% 9% 9% 9% 9% 9% 9% 9% 9% 9% 9% 9%
eader is urge d to review and 9% 9% 9% 9% 9% 9%
evaluate the information provided in the package insert or instructions for each chemical, piece of equipment, r
9% 9% 9% 9% 9% 9% 9% 9% 9% 9% 9% 9% 9% 9% 9% 9%
e agent, or device for, among other things, any changes in the instructions or indication of usage a
9% 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 %
nd for add ed warnings
9 % 9 % 9% 9 %
and precautions. While the publisher and authors have used their best efforts in preparing this work, the
9% 9% 9% 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9% 9 % 9% 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 %
y make no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the contents
9% 9% 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9
%of this work an d specifically disclaim all warranties, including without limitation any implied warranti
9 % 9 % 9 % 9% 9 % 9 % 9% 9% 9% 8% 9% 9% 9% 9%
es of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. No warranty may be created or extended by s
9% 9% 9% 9% 9% 9% 9% 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 %
ales representatives, written sale s materials or promotional statements for this work. The fact that an
9 % 9 % 9 % 9% 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9
%organization, website, or product is refe rred to in this work as a citation and/ or potential source
9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9% 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 %
of further information does not mean that the publi sher and authors endorse the information or services t
9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9% 9% 9 % 9% 9 % 9% 9% 9 % 9%
he organization, website, or product may provide or reco mmendations it may make. This work is sold
9 % 9 % 9 % 9% 9 % 9 % 9 % 9% 9% 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 %
with the understanding that the publisher is not engaged in ren dering professional services. The adv
9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9% 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 %
ice and strategies contained herein may not be suitable for your situatio
9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 %
n. You should consult with a specialist where appropriate. Further, readers should be aware that websit
9% 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9% 9 % 9 % 9 % 9% 9% 9% 9%
es liste d in this work may have changed or disappeared between when this work was written and when it
8% 9% 9% 9% 9% 9% 9% 9% 9% 9% 9% 9% 9% 9% 9% 9% 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 %
is read. N either the publisher nor authors shall be liable for any loss of profit or any other commer
9 % 9 % 9% 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 %
cial damages, inclu ding but not limited to special, incidental, consequential, or other damages.
9 % 9 % 9% 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 %
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
9 % 9 % 9 % 9 %
Names: Zhang, Chunlong, 1964- author. | John Wiley & Sons, publisher.
9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 %
Title: Fundamentals of environmental sampling and analysis / Chunlong
9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 %
9 Zhang. Description: Second edition. | Hoboken, NJ : JW-
% 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 %
Wiley, 2024. | Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers: LCCN 2023057815 (print) | Se
9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9% 9 % 9 % 9 % 9%
t ISB N 9781394244621 | ISBN 9781394241651 (epdf) |
9 % 9% 9% 9 % 9% 9% 9% 9 %
ISBN 9781394241668 (epub) | ISBN 9781394241644 (SM)
9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 %
Subjects: LCSH: Environmental sampling. | Environmental sciences--
9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 %
Statistical methods. Classification: LCC GE45.S75 Z43 2024 (print) | LCC GE45.S75 (eboo
9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 %
k) | D DC 628--dc23/eng/20240131 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2023057815
9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 %
LC ebook record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2023057816
9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 %
, Cover Design: Wiley
9 % 9 %
Cover Image: © Iana Kunitsa/Getty Images
9 % 9 % 9 % 9 % 9 %
