PSY 627 Exam 1 fully solved & updated (latest
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Terms in this set (99)
Pharmokinetics moving the drug through the central nervous
system
Pharmcodynamics - the effects of drugs and the mechanism of their
actions. Basically what medications do and how.
Relationship between drug concentration at the
site of action and the resulting effect.
Drug effects Therapeutic effects: the drug-receptor
interaction that produces that desired
physiological and/or behavioral changes
Side effects: all non-therapeutic effects
produced by the drug that range in severity from
mildly annoying to life-threatening
Specific drug effects: the desired biochemical
and physiological effects of a drug that occur
when the drug molecule interacts with its target
site
Nonspecific drug effects: the physiological and
behavioral effects of a drug that occur based on
one's unique physiology
,placebo effect when a person's mental or physical health
appears to improve due to taking a "placebo" or a
dummy treatment.
placebo a "sugar" pill that has no effect on physiological
or psychiatric functioning
nocebo effect the experience of negative treatment outcomes
that can occur in response to both active and
non-active (moveable) treatments, medicines, or
procedures but it is not directly influenced by the
treatment itself.
bioavailability the extent and rate at which the active drug
enters systematic circulation, thereby accessing
the site of action
Intravenous (IV) pertaining to within a vein, fastest way to get the
drug to the brain in about 2-3 seconds
intramuscular within the muscle, directly into the skeletal
muscle typically bicep or the gluteus maximus
Inhalation the act of taking in air as the diaphragm contracts
and pulls downward, the second fastest means of
getting drug molecules to the brain
intraperitoneal into the abdominal cavity, extends from the
bottom of the rib cage to the pelvis
subcutaneous - beneath the skin, but not into the
blood vessel
subcutaneous beneath the skin, but not into the blood vessel
, sublingual placing a medication under the tongue, quickly
absorbed into the blood stream by the blood
vessels that nourish the tongue
topical applied to the surface of the skin
transdermal Crossing through the skin, medication is
absorbed across the skin and into the blood
stream.
epidural pertaining to the layer upon the dura mater,
injection of medication directly into the cerebral
spinal fluid along the side of the spinal cord
Absorption Drugs must be absorbed into the circulatory
system (blood stream) and distributed via the
circulatory system to the CNS. Drug absorption
typically begins in the stomach or intestinal tract.
Rate of absorption in the stomach depends on
the contents of the stomach (full/empty). When
drugs enter the circulatory system, they first pass
through the liver on the way to the CNS, which is
known as the "first pass effect". Liver metabolizes
(inactivates) drugs and decreases the drug
potency by 25%
Distribution Drug distribution is limited by selective barriers
including the blood brain barrier and placental
barrier. Area postrema: portion of the BBB
located in the brainstem area known as the
medulla. Also known as the chemical trigger
zone (CTZ) is the "vomiting center," as it causes
vomiting when toxic substances are detected in
the blood stream.
tetatogens substances that cause congential disorders in
developing embryo or fetus
version verified for accuracy) (Questions +
Answers) Solved 100% Correct!!
Save
Terms in this set (99)
Pharmokinetics moving the drug through the central nervous
system
Pharmcodynamics - the effects of drugs and the mechanism of their
actions. Basically what medications do and how.
Relationship between drug concentration at the
site of action and the resulting effect.
Drug effects Therapeutic effects: the drug-receptor
interaction that produces that desired
physiological and/or behavioral changes
Side effects: all non-therapeutic effects
produced by the drug that range in severity from
mildly annoying to life-threatening
Specific drug effects: the desired biochemical
and physiological effects of a drug that occur
when the drug molecule interacts with its target
site
Nonspecific drug effects: the physiological and
behavioral effects of a drug that occur based on
one's unique physiology
,placebo effect when a person's mental or physical health
appears to improve due to taking a "placebo" or a
dummy treatment.
placebo a "sugar" pill that has no effect on physiological
or psychiatric functioning
nocebo effect the experience of negative treatment outcomes
that can occur in response to both active and
non-active (moveable) treatments, medicines, or
procedures but it is not directly influenced by the
treatment itself.
bioavailability the extent and rate at which the active drug
enters systematic circulation, thereby accessing
the site of action
Intravenous (IV) pertaining to within a vein, fastest way to get the
drug to the brain in about 2-3 seconds
intramuscular within the muscle, directly into the skeletal
muscle typically bicep or the gluteus maximus
Inhalation the act of taking in air as the diaphragm contracts
and pulls downward, the second fastest means of
getting drug molecules to the brain
intraperitoneal into the abdominal cavity, extends from the
bottom of the rib cage to the pelvis
subcutaneous - beneath the skin, but not into the
blood vessel
subcutaneous beneath the skin, but not into the blood vessel
, sublingual placing a medication under the tongue, quickly
absorbed into the blood stream by the blood
vessels that nourish the tongue
topical applied to the surface of the skin
transdermal Crossing through the skin, medication is
absorbed across the skin and into the blood
stream.
epidural pertaining to the layer upon the dura mater,
injection of medication directly into the cerebral
spinal fluid along the side of the spinal cord
Absorption Drugs must be absorbed into the circulatory
system (blood stream) and distributed via the
circulatory system to the CNS. Drug absorption
typically begins in the stomach or intestinal tract.
Rate of absorption in the stomach depends on
the contents of the stomach (full/empty). When
drugs enter the circulatory system, they first pass
through the liver on the way to the CNS, which is
known as the "first pass effect". Liver metabolizes
(inactivates) drugs and decreases the drug
potency by 25%
Distribution Drug distribution is limited by selective barriers
including the blood brain barrier and placental
barrier. Area postrema: portion of the BBB
located in the brainstem area known as the
medulla. Also known as the chemical trigger
zone (CTZ) is the "vomiting center," as it causes
vomiting when toxic substances are detected in
the blood stream.
tetatogens substances that cause congential disorders in
developing embryo or fetus
