HESI A2 Anatomy & Physiology | Actual Exam
Questions & 100% Correct Answers | Latest Update
2026 | Nursing School Admission Exam Prep
📚🩺✅
1. Describe the role of the passageways between the nasal cavity and the
alveoli in the respiratory system.
They regulate blood flow to the lungs during respiration.
They facilitate the movement of air from the nasal cavity to the
alveoli for gas exchange.
They filter and humidify the air before it reaches the lungs.
They produce mucus to trap pathogens in the nasal cavity.
2. Describe how platelets contribute to the process of hemostasis.
Platelets aggregate at the site of a blood vessel injury to form a
plug and release chemicals that promote clotting.
Platelets absorb nutrients from the bloodstream.
Platelets regulate hormone levels in the body.
Platelets transport oxygen to tissues and remove carbon dioxide.
3. If a person has a disorder that affects hormone production in the endocrine
system, what potential impact could this have on their overall health?
It could disrupt homeostasis and lead to various health issues.
It would enhance muscle growth and strength.
It would improve respiratory function.
, It would have no significant impact on health.
4. In the peripheral nervous system, the 31 pairs of nerves that exit the spinal
cord are called
spinal gangion
cell bodies
spinal nerves
cranial nerves
5. What are cells that make up muscles?
ligaments
sacraments
muscle fibers
tendons
6. If a patient has a deficiency in tropic hormones, what physiological effect
might this have on their body?
Enhanced immune response.
Increased metabolic rate.
Improved muscle growth.
Reduced hormone production from target endocrine glands.
7. Histology is the study of
tissues
organ systems
cells
, interacting molecules
8. How do most hormones affect cell activity?
By increasing metabolism
By altering the protein synthesis rate
By developing DNA
By acting as secondary messengers
9. ACTH is a pituitary hormone that stimulates the adrenal cortex to produce:
Glucocorticoids
Thyroid hormone
Epinephrine
Prolactin
Estrogen
10. What is the study of tissues called?
Anatomy
Cytology
Physiology
Histology
11. What are the basic functional units of the nervous system?
Muscle fibers
Neurons
Epithelial cells
Osteocytes
, 12. Describe how dendrites contribute to the overall function of a neuron.
Dendrites receive signals from other neurons, allowing for
communication and integration of information.
Dendrites store neurotransmitters for later use.
Dendrites protect the neuron from external damage.
Dendrites transmit signals away from the cell body to other neurons.
13. Describe how the prime mover contributes to muscle movement in the
context of joint actions.
The prime mover is the muscle that opposes the action of the
antagonist.
The prime mover stabilizes the joint while other muscles perform the
action.
The prime mover assists in the movement but does not create the
main action.
The prime mover is the muscle that contracts to create the main
action at a joint.
14. In a scenario where a person is lifting weights, which muscle classification is
primarily engaged, and how does this relate to the concept of voluntary
control?
Skeletal muscle; it is engaged during voluntary movements.
Cardiac muscle; it is engaged during voluntary movements.
Smooth muscle; it is engaged during involuntary movements.
Skeletal muscle; it is engaged during involuntary movements.
15. What is the outermost layer of the skin called?
Questions & 100% Correct Answers | Latest Update
2026 | Nursing School Admission Exam Prep
📚🩺✅
1. Describe the role of the passageways between the nasal cavity and the
alveoli in the respiratory system.
They regulate blood flow to the lungs during respiration.
They facilitate the movement of air from the nasal cavity to the
alveoli for gas exchange.
They filter and humidify the air before it reaches the lungs.
They produce mucus to trap pathogens in the nasal cavity.
2. Describe how platelets contribute to the process of hemostasis.
Platelets aggregate at the site of a blood vessel injury to form a
plug and release chemicals that promote clotting.
Platelets absorb nutrients from the bloodstream.
Platelets regulate hormone levels in the body.
Platelets transport oxygen to tissues and remove carbon dioxide.
3. If a person has a disorder that affects hormone production in the endocrine
system, what potential impact could this have on their overall health?
It could disrupt homeostasis and lead to various health issues.
It would enhance muscle growth and strength.
It would improve respiratory function.
, It would have no significant impact on health.
4. In the peripheral nervous system, the 31 pairs of nerves that exit the spinal
cord are called
spinal gangion
cell bodies
spinal nerves
cranial nerves
5. What are cells that make up muscles?
ligaments
sacraments
muscle fibers
tendons
6. If a patient has a deficiency in tropic hormones, what physiological effect
might this have on their body?
Enhanced immune response.
Increased metabolic rate.
Improved muscle growth.
Reduced hormone production from target endocrine glands.
7. Histology is the study of
tissues
organ systems
cells
, interacting molecules
8. How do most hormones affect cell activity?
By increasing metabolism
By altering the protein synthesis rate
By developing DNA
By acting as secondary messengers
9. ACTH is a pituitary hormone that stimulates the adrenal cortex to produce:
Glucocorticoids
Thyroid hormone
Epinephrine
Prolactin
Estrogen
10. What is the study of tissues called?
Anatomy
Cytology
Physiology
Histology
11. What are the basic functional units of the nervous system?
Muscle fibers
Neurons
Epithelial cells
Osteocytes
, 12. Describe how dendrites contribute to the overall function of a neuron.
Dendrites receive signals from other neurons, allowing for
communication and integration of information.
Dendrites store neurotransmitters for later use.
Dendrites protect the neuron from external damage.
Dendrites transmit signals away from the cell body to other neurons.
13. Describe how the prime mover contributes to muscle movement in the
context of joint actions.
The prime mover is the muscle that opposes the action of the
antagonist.
The prime mover stabilizes the joint while other muscles perform the
action.
The prime mover assists in the movement but does not create the
main action.
The prime mover is the muscle that contracts to create the main
action at a joint.
14. In a scenario where a person is lifting weights, which muscle classification is
primarily engaged, and how does this relate to the concept of voluntary
control?
Skeletal muscle; it is engaged during voluntary movements.
Cardiac muscle; it is engaged during voluntary movements.
Smooth muscle; it is engaged during involuntary movements.
Skeletal muscle; it is engaged during involuntary movements.
15. What is the outermost layer of the skin called?
