BIOS251 EXAM 2 REVIEW: CELL
BIOLOGY AND TISSUES. EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100% PASS
2026 EDITION
Principles of Cell Theory - ANS The smallest structure capable of carrying out life processes.
Prokaryotic cells - ANS Cells without an organized nucleus.
Eukaryotic cells - ANS Cells with an organized and well defined nucleus.
Plasma (cell) membrane - ANS Separates internal and external environments.
DNA - ANS Genetic material that controls an organism's composition, replicates the cell.
Cytoplasm - ANS Can be divided into two portions: Cytosol and Organelles.
Cytosol - ANS The liquid portion of the cytoplasm.
Ribosomes - ANS The site of protein synthesis.
Cytoskeleton - ANS Intracellular support, used in cell movement, moves organelles.
1
@2026 EDITION ALLRIGHTS RESERVED
, Gamete cells - ANS Cells used for reproduction (sperm and ovum). Replicate via meiosis.
Somatic cells - ANS All other cells in the body. Replicate via mitosis.
Functions of the cell membrane - ANS Serves as a barrier protecting the cell's inner content
from the extracellular environment.
Phospholipid bilayer - ANS The structure that makes up the cell membrane.
Hydrophilic heads - ANS Water 'loving' parts of the phospholipid bilayer.
Hydrophobic tails - ANS Water 'hating' parts of the phospholipid bilayer.
Integral proteins - ANS Found to travel the entire width of the membrane touching both
internal and external surfaces.
Channel proteins - ANS Allow ions to cross the membrane from one side to another.
Carrier proteins - ANS Transport specific substances from one side of the plasma membrane
to the other.
Receptor proteins - ANS Recognize and bind to specific molecules called ligands.
Cell Identity Markers - ANS Allow the cell to be identified and distinguished by the immune
system.
Na+/K+ ATPase pump - ANS Maintains an electrochemical gradient.
2
@2026 EDITION ALLRIGHTS RESERVED
BIOLOGY AND TISSUES. EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100% PASS
2026 EDITION
Principles of Cell Theory - ANS The smallest structure capable of carrying out life processes.
Prokaryotic cells - ANS Cells without an organized nucleus.
Eukaryotic cells - ANS Cells with an organized and well defined nucleus.
Plasma (cell) membrane - ANS Separates internal and external environments.
DNA - ANS Genetic material that controls an organism's composition, replicates the cell.
Cytoplasm - ANS Can be divided into two portions: Cytosol and Organelles.
Cytosol - ANS The liquid portion of the cytoplasm.
Ribosomes - ANS The site of protein synthesis.
Cytoskeleton - ANS Intracellular support, used in cell movement, moves organelles.
1
@2026 EDITION ALLRIGHTS RESERVED
, Gamete cells - ANS Cells used for reproduction (sperm and ovum). Replicate via meiosis.
Somatic cells - ANS All other cells in the body. Replicate via mitosis.
Functions of the cell membrane - ANS Serves as a barrier protecting the cell's inner content
from the extracellular environment.
Phospholipid bilayer - ANS The structure that makes up the cell membrane.
Hydrophilic heads - ANS Water 'loving' parts of the phospholipid bilayer.
Hydrophobic tails - ANS Water 'hating' parts of the phospholipid bilayer.
Integral proteins - ANS Found to travel the entire width of the membrane touching both
internal and external surfaces.
Channel proteins - ANS Allow ions to cross the membrane from one side to another.
Carrier proteins - ANS Transport specific substances from one side of the plasma membrane
to the other.
Receptor proteins - ANS Recognize and bind to specific molecules called ligands.
Cell Identity Markers - ANS Allow the cell to be identified and distinguished by the immune
system.
Na+/K+ ATPase pump - ANS Maintains an electrochemical gradient.
2
@2026 EDITION ALLRIGHTS RESERVED
