IVY TECH APHY 101 FINAL/ IVY TECH APHY 101
FINAL ACTUAL EXAM Question with Verified
Correct Detailed Answers Latest 2025
What is the diaphysis? --- correct answer ----shaft of a long bone
What is the medullary cavity? --- correct answer ----hollow chamber in
diaphysis. marrow fills this cavity
What is the periosteum? --- correct answer ----a dense layer of vascular
connective tissue enclosing a bone
what is compact bone? --- correct answer ----wall of the diaphysis mainly
composed of tightly packed tissue
what is spongy bone? --- correct answer ----cancellous bone that largely
composes the epiphysis
Describe the process of ossification --- correct answer ----step one 1:
cordlike and connects muscles to bones; a broad sheet of dense connective
tissue that connects muscles to muscles
step 2: Long bones develop from rods of cartilage, some from membranes
and some from tendons.
step 3: Ossification occurs first in the cartilage rods, then in the epiphyses
of long bones.
step 4: When the epiphysial cartilage has ossified (hardened), bone growth
stops.
,What is the epiphyseal plate? --- correct answer ----as spongy bone is
deposited in the diaphysis and in the epiphysis, a band of cartilage will form
what are osteoclasts? --- correct answer ----cells that break down bone
what are osteoblasts? --- correct answer ----bone forming cells
what are the functions of the skeletal system? --- correct answer ----support,
protection, movement, storage, blood cell formation
What is the axial skeleton? --- correct answer ----skull, vertebral column,
rib cage
What is the appendicular skeleton? --- correct answer ----pectoral girdle,
upper limbs, pelvic girdle, lower limbs
what are the parts of a long bone? --- correct answer ----epiphysis and
diaphysis
What is the epiphysis? --- correct answer ----end of a long bone that
articulates (forms a joint) with another bone.
what are the steps of fracture repair? --- correct answer ----1. Hematoma
formation- blood vessels, tissues in broken bone are torn resulting in a
Hematoma mass of clotted cells. Bone cells with no nutrition will die and
area will become irritated.
2. Fibrocartilaginous callus formation- phagocytic cells invade the
area and begin cleaning up the debris.
3. Bone callus formation- about 1 week into repair, new bone begins to
repair. This is called a bony callus. This continues for about 3 months.
,4. Bone remodeling- excess material removed, shaft was reconstructed.
how are bones classified? --- correct answer ----by shape
what are the shapes of bones? --- correct answer ----long, short, flat,
irregular
example of long bone --- correct answer ----femur
example of short bones are --- correct answer ----carpals and tarsals in the
ankle and wrist
examples of flat bones --- correct answer ----ribs, scapulae, and some bones
of the skull
examples of irregular bones --- correct answer ----facial bones, vertebrae
What is articular cartilage? --- correct answer ----hyaline cartilage covering
articular ends of the bones
What is a joint capsule? --- correct answer ----tissue that stops synovial
fluid from escaping and encloses and supports and holds the bones together.
what is a ligament? --- correct answer ----Connects bone to bone and
reinforce the joint capsule.
What is the synovial membrane? --- correct answer ----inner layer of the
joint capsule, covers all of the surface within the joint capsule.
What is synovial fluid? --- correct answer ----Lubricates and nourishes the
cartilage covering the bones at movable joints and contains macrophages
the remove microbes and debris from the joint cavity.
, what is the menisci? --- correct answer ----cushion the articulating surfaces
and help distribute body weight onto these surfaces
what is the bursae? --- correct answer ----fluid-filled sac that acts as a ball
bearing to reduce friction
what are the six different types of synovial joints? --- correct answer ----1.
Ball-and-socket joints
2. condylar/ellipsodial joint
3. plane/gliding joint
4. hinge joint
5. pivot/trochoid joint
6. saddle/sellar joint
define flexion --- correct answer ----bending a joint
define extension --- correct answer ----Straightening a body part
define hyper extension --- correct answer ----increasing the angle beyond
180 degrees between the bones of a joint (a back bend)
define dorsiflexion --- correct answer ----movement at the ankle that moves
the anterior portion of the foot closer from the shin (rocking back on your
heels)
define plantar flexion --- correct answer ----movement at the ankle that
moves the anterior portion of the foot father from the shin (walking on your
toes)
define abduction --- correct answer ----moving away from the midline
FINAL ACTUAL EXAM Question with Verified
Correct Detailed Answers Latest 2025
What is the diaphysis? --- correct answer ----shaft of a long bone
What is the medullary cavity? --- correct answer ----hollow chamber in
diaphysis. marrow fills this cavity
What is the periosteum? --- correct answer ----a dense layer of vascular
connective tissue enclosing a bone
what is compact bone? --- correct answer ----wall of the diaphysis mainly
composed of tightly packed tissue
what is spongy bone? --- correct answer ----cancellous bone that largely
composes the epiphysis
Describe the process of ossification --- correct answer ----step one 1:
cordlike and connects muscles to bones; a broad sheet of dense connective
tissue that connects muscles to muscles
step 2: Long bones develop from rods of cartilage, some from membranes
and some from tendons.
step 3: Ossification occurs first in the cartilage rods, then in the epiphyses
of long bones.
step 4: When the epiphysial cartilage has ossified (hardened), bone growth
stops.
,What is the epiphyseal plate? --- correct answer ----as spongy bone is
deposited in the diaphysis and in the epiphysis, a band of cartilage will form
what are osteoclasts? --- correct answer ----cells that break down bone
what are osteoblasts? --- correct answer ----bone forming cells
what are the functions of the skeletal system? --- correct answer ----support,
protection, movement, storage, blood cell formation
What is the axial skeleton? --- correct answer ----skull, vertebral column,
rib cage
What is the appendicular skeleton? --- correct answer ----pectoral girdle,
upper limbs, pelvic girdle, lower limbs
what are the parts of a long bone? --- correct answer ----epiphysis and
diaphysis
What is the epiphysis? --- correct answer ----end of a long bone that
articulates (forms a joint) with another bone.
what are the steps of fracture repair? --- correct answer ----1. Hematoma
formation- blood vessels, tissues in broken bone are torn resulting in a
Hematoma mass of clotted cells. Bone cells with no nutrition will die and
area will become irritated.
2. Fibrocartilaginous callus formation- phagocytic cells invade the
area and begin cleaning up the debris.
3. Bone callus formation- about 1 week into repair, new bone begins to
repair. This is called a bony callus. This continues for about 3 months.
,4. Bone remodeling- excess material removed, shaft was reconstructed.
how are bones classified? --- correct answer ----by shape
what are the shapes of bones? --- correct answer ----long, short, flat,
irregular
example of long bone --- correct answer ----femur
example of short bones are --- correct answer ----carpals and tarsals in the
ankle and wrist
examples of flat bones --- correct answer ----ribs, scapulae, and some bones
of the skull
examples of irregular bones --- correct answer ----facial bones, vertebrae
What is articular cartilage? --- correct answer ----hyaline cartilage covering
articular ends of the bones
What is a joint capsule? --- correct answer ----tissue that stops synovial
fluid from escaping and encloses and supports and holds the bones together.
what is a ligament? --- correct answer ----Connects bone to bone and
reinforce the joint capsule.
What is the synovial membrane? --- correct answer ----inner layer of the
joint capsule, covers all of the surface within the joint capsule.
What is synovial fluid? --- correct answer ----Lubricates and nourishes the
cartilage covering the bones at movable joints and contains macrophages
the remove microbes and debris from the joint cavity.
, what is the menisci? --- correct answer ----cushion the articulating surfaces
and help distribute body weight onto these surfaces
what is the bursae? --- correct answer ----fluid-filled sac that acts as a ball
bearing to reduce friction
what are the six different types of synovial joints? --- correct answer ----1.
Ball-and-socket joints
2. condylar/ellipsodial joint
3. plane/gliding joint
4. hinge joint
5. pivot/trochoid joint
6. saddle/sellar joint
define flexion --- correct answer ----bending a joint
define extension --- correct answer ----Straightening a body part
define hyper extension --- correct answer ----increasing the angle beyond
180 degrees between the bones of a joint (a back bend)
define dorsiflexion --- correct answer ----movement at the ankle that moves
the anterior portion of the foot closer from the shin (rocking back on your
heels)
define plantar flexion --- correct answer ----movement at the ankle that
moves the anterior portion of the foot father from the shin (walking on your
toes)
define abduction --- correct answer ----moving away from the midline
