Hesi Fundamentals Practice Test (2026 updated)
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (DETAILED &
ELABORATED) fully solved
Save
Terms in this set (80)
The nurse observes that a male Observe the appearance of the skin under the ice
client has removed the covering pack (The first action taken by the nurse should
from an ice park applied to his be to assess the skin for any possible thermal
knee. What action should the nurse injury. If no injury to the skin has occurred, the
take first? nurse can take the other actions.)
A. Observe the appearance of the
skin under the ice pack.
B. Instruct the client regarding the
need for the covering.
C. Reapply the covering after filling
with fresh ice.
D. Ask the client how long the ice
was applied to the skin.
The nurse mixes 50 mg of Nipride 124 gtt/min
in 250 mL of D5W and plans to
administer the solution at a rate of 5
mcg/kg/min to a client weighting
182 lbs. Using a drip factor of 60
gtt/mL, how many drops per minute
should the client receive?
,The healthcare provider prescribes 83 gtt/min
an IV infusion of 1000 ml of Ringer's
Lactate w/ 30 units of Pitocin to run
in over 4 hours for a client who has
just delivered a 10 pound infant by
cesarean section. The tubing has
been changed to a 20 gtt/ml
administration set. The nurse plans
to set the flow rate at how many
gtt/min?
Which assessment data provides Examining a chest x-ray obtained after the tubing
the most accurate determination of was inserted
proper placement of a nasogastric
tube?
Three days following a surgery, a B. Instruct the client that the stoma will become
male client observes his colostomy smaller when the initial swelling diminishes
for the first time. He becomes quite (Postoperative swelling causes enlargement of
upset and tells the nurse that it is the stoma. The nurse can teach the client that the
much bigger than he expected. stoma will become smaller when swelling is
What is the best response by the diminished (B). This will help reduce the client's
nurse? anxiety and promote acceptance of the
A. Reassure the client that he will colostomy. (A) does not provide helpful teaching
become accustomed to the stoma or support. (C) is a useful action, and may be
appearance in time. taken after the nurse provides pertinent teaching.
B. Instruct the client that the stoma The client is not yet demonstrating readiness to
will become much smaller when the learn colostomy care. (D)
initial swelling diminishes.
C. Offer to contact a member of the
local ostomy support group to help
him with his concerns.
D. Encourage the client to handle
the stoma equipment to gain
confidence with the procedure.
,A female client with a nasogastric B. Reposition the client on her side. (The
tube attached to low suction states immediate priority is to determine if the tube is
that she is nauseated. The nurse functioning correctly, which would then relieve
assesses that there has been no the client's nausea. The least invasive intervention
drainage through the nasogastric (B) should be attempted first, followed by (A and
tube in the last two hours. What C), unless either of these interventions is
action should the nurse take first? contraindicated. If these measures are
A. Irrigate the nasogastric tube with unsuccessful, the client may require an antiemetic
sterile normal saline. (D))
B. Reposition the client on her side.
C. Advance the nasogastric tube an
additional five centimeters.
D. Administer an intravenous
antiemetic prescribed for PRN use.
A hospitalized male client is C. After clearing the tube with 30 ml of air, check
receiving nasogastric tube feedings the pH of fluid withdrawn from the tube.
via a small-bore tube and a
continuous pump infusion. He
reports that he had a bad bout of
severe coughing a few minutes ago,
but feels fine now. What action is
best for the nurse to take?
A. Record the coughing incident.
No further action is required at this
time.
B. Stop the feeding, explain to the
family why it is being stopped, and
notify the HCP.
C. After clearing the tube with 30
ml of air, check the pH of fluid
withdrawn from the tube.
D. Inject 30 ml of air into the tube
while auscultating the epigastrium
for gurgling.
, A male client tells the nurse that he D. is disoriented to place and time (The client is
does not know where he is or what exhibiting disorientation (D). (A) refers to memory
year it is. What data should the of the distant past. The client is able to express
nurse document that is most himself without difficulty (B), and does not
accurate? demonstrate diminished attention span. (C).
A. demonstrates loss of remote
memory
B. exhibits expressive dysphasia
C. has a diminished attention span
D. is disoriented to place and time
A client with chronic kidney disease A. Commend the client for selecting a high
(CKD) selects a scrambled egg for biologic value protein. (Foods such as eggs and
his breakfast. What action should milk (A) are high biologic proteins which are
the nurse take? allowed because they are complete proteins and
A. Commend the client for supply the essential amino acids that are
selecting a high biologic value necessary for growth and cell repair. Orange
protein. juice is rich in potassium and should not be
B. Remind the client that protein in encouraged. The client has made a good diet
the diet should be avoided. choice so (D) is not necessary.)
C. Suggest that the client also
select orange juice, to promote
absorption.
D. Encourage the client to attend
classes on dietary management of
CKD.
When assisting an 82 year old client Upper torso (The center of gravity for adults is
to ambulate, it is important for the the hips. However, as the person grows older, a
nurse to realize that the center of stooped posture is common because of the
gravity for an elderly person is the-- changes from osteoporosis and normal bone
degeneration, and the knees, hips, and elbows
flex. This stooped posture results in the upper
torso becoming the center of gravity for older
persons.)
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (DETAILED &
ELABORATED) fully solved
Save
Terms in this set (80)
The nurse observes that a male Observe the appearance of the skin under the ice
client has removed the covering pack (The first action taken by the nurse should
from an ice park applied to his be to assess the skin for any possible thermal
knee. What action should the nurse injury. If no injury to the skin has occurred, the
take first? nurse can take the other actions.)
A. Observe the appearance of the
skin under the ice pack.
B. Instruct the client regarding the
need for the covering.
C. Reapply the covering after filling
with fresh ice.
D. Ask the client how long the ice
was applied to the skin.
The nurse mixes 50 mg of Nipride 124 gtt/min
in 250 mL of D5W and plans to
administer the solution at a rate of 5
mcg/kg/min to a client weighting
182 lbs. Using a drip factor of 60
gtt/mL, how many drops per minute
should the client receive?
,The healthcare provider prescribes 83 gtt/min
an IV infusion of 1000 ml of Ringer's
Lactate w/ 30 units of Pitocin to run
in over 4 hours for a client who has
just delivered a 10 pound infant by
cesarean section. The tubing has
been changed to a 20 gtt/ml
administration set. The nurse plans
to set the flow rate at how many
gtt/min?
Which assessment data provides Examining a chest x-ray obtained after the tubing
the most accurate determination of was inserted
proper placement of a nasogastric
tube?
Three days following a surgery, a B. Instruct the client that the stoma will become
male client observes his colostomy smaller when the initial swelling diminishes
for the first time. He becomes quite (Postoperative swelling causes enlargement of
upset and tells the nurse that it is the stoma. The nurse can teach the client that the
much bigger than he expected. stoma will become smaller when swelling is
What is the best response by the diminished (B). This will help reduce the client's
nurse? anxiety and promote acceptance of the
A. Reassure the client that he will colostomy. (A) does not provide helpful teaching
become accustomed to the stoma or support. (C) is a useful action, and may be
appearance in time. taken after the nurse provides pertinent teaching.
B. Instruct the client that the stoma The client is not yet demonstrating readiness to
will become much smaller when the learn colostomy care. (D)
initial swelling diminishes.
C. Offer to contact a member of the
local ostomy support group to help
him with his concerns.
D. Encourage the client to handle
the stoma equipment to gain
confidence with the procedure.
,A female client with a nasogastric B. Reposition the client on her side. (The
tube attached to low suction states immediate priority is to determine if the tube is
that she is nauseated. The nurse functioning correctly, which would then relieve
assesses that there has been no the client's nausea. The least invasive intervention
drainage through the nasogastric (B) should be attempted first, followed by (A and
tube in the last two hours. What C), unless either of these interventions is
action should the nurse take first? contraindicated. If these measures are
A. Irrigate the nasogastric tube with unsuccessful, the client may require an antiemetic
sterile normal saline. (D))
B. Reposition the client on her side.
C. Advance the nasogastric tube an
additional five centimeters.
D. Administer an intravenous
antiemetic prescribed for PRN use.
A hospitalized male client is C. After clearing the tube with 30 ml of air, check
receiving nasogastric tube feedings the pH of fluid withdrawn from the tube.
via a small-bore tube and a
continuous pump infusion. He
reports that he had a bad bout of
severe coughing a few minutes ago,
but feels fine now. What action is
best for the nurse to take?
A. Record the coughing incident.
No further action is required at this
time.
B. Stop the feeding, explain to the
family why it is being stopped, and
notify the HCP.
C. After clearing the tube with 30
ml of air, check the pH of fluid
withdrawn from the tube.
D. Inject 30 ml of air into the tube
while auscultating the epigastrium
for gurgling.
, A male client tells the nurse that he D. is disoriented to place and time (The client is
does not know where he is or what exhibiting disorientation (D). (A) refers to memory
year it is. What data should the of the distant past. The client is able to express
nurse document that is most himself without difficulty (B), and does not
accurate? demonstrate diminished attention span. (C).
A. demonstrates loss of remote
memory
B. exhibits expressive dysphasia
C. has a diminished attention span
D. is disoriented to place and time
A client with chronic kidney disease A. Commend the client for selecting a high
(CKD) selects a scrambled egg for biologic value protein. (Foods such as eggs and
his breakfast. What action should milk (A) are high biologic proteins which are
the nurse take? allowed because they are complete proteins and
A. Commend the client for supply the essential amino acids that are
selecting a high biologic value necessary for growth and cell repair. Orange
protein. juice is rich in potassium and should not be
B. Remind the client that protein in encouraged. The client has made a good diet
the diet should be avoided. choice so (D) is not necessary.)
C. Suggest that the client also
select orange juice, to promote
absorption.
D. Encourage the client to attend
classes on dietary management of
CKD.
When assisting an 82 year old client Upper torso (The center of gravity for adults is
to ambulate, it is important for the the hips. However, as the person grows older, a
nurse to realize that the center of stooped posture is common because of the
gravity for an elderly person is the-- changes from osteoporosis and normal bone
degeneration, and the knees, hips, and elbows
flex. This stooped posture results in the upper
torso becoming the center of gravity for older
persons.)
