SolutionManualfor
Dennis,Wixom,RothSystemsAnalysisandDesign,8thEdition
Chapter1-13 8i
Chapter1:TheSystemsAnalystandInformation 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
SystemsDevelopment
8i 8i
AnswertoYourTurn1-1:BeinganAnalyst 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
Student answers will vary, dependingon their preferences regardingbeing a: 1) systems
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
analyst, 2) business analyst, 3) requirements analyst, 4) infrastructure analyst, or 5) change
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
management analyst. Verify that the student has correctly associated the skills needed with
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
the type of analyst for which they aspire and that the student has created a plan to acquire those
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
skills. The roles and the names used to describe them may vary from organization to
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
organization.
8i
AnswertoYourTurn1-2:ImplementingaSatelliteDataNetwork 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
Whileanswers mayvary, answers might include the following:
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
1. A cost-benefit analysis, along with other financial processes (ROI, etc.) would
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
certainly reveal that a just-in-time (JIT) inventory can reduce inventory costs and
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
increase revenue. A standard communication line, encrypted or not, would not be able
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
to handle the high bandwidth needed fordata,voiceand video transmissions.
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
2. A competitor would be able to narrow the gap by adopting the JIT type of inventory
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
management. Voice and video arenot necessaryto keep the inventory up to date on a
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
timely basis, data transmissions alone would work well.
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
1-1
, Answer to Your Turn 1-3: Too Much Paper, Part 1 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
System Request
8i 8i
Element Description
Sponsor Document Manager. 8i
Business Need 8i Increaseefficiencyin storing, updating, and retrieving 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
information on employee injuryclaims. 8i 8i 8i 8i
Business Requirements 8i Automated system which allows for electronic 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
submission of reports via asecure web site. 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
Business Value 8i Reduceresponsetimeforemployeeinquiries,increase 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
effectiveness of storing, updating, and retrieving
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
employeeinjuryclaims.Reducestoragecostsofpaper files. 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
Special Issues 8i Must havesomeonewho understands howto createand 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
maintain a secure web site. Must have resources to migrate
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
paper files to data storage. Must work within HIPAA
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
guidelines to ensure that medical documents
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
are treated accordingto regulations.
8i 8i 8i 8i
AnswertoYourTurn1-4:TooMuchPaper,Part2 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
1. Issuesarisingfrom digitalsignatures and electronic documentstypicallyfocuson
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
establishing validity for signatures and originators. As these issues can be overcome
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
using certificates and encryption, they don‘t necessarily affect the project feasibility.
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
However, they do need to be addressed.
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
2. Answers will vary. The project champion, organizational management, and perhaps 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
most importantlya subset of the stakeholders must believe in and show support for
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
the project. One solution would beto plan and provide for sufficient trainingthat
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
demonstrateshow their jobs might be easier to accomplish with the automated
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
system.8i
AnswertoConceptsinAction1-A:AnArrayofITFailures 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
Qantas provides for an ―ice-breaker‖ discussion topic for the first class. Perhaps group the
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
students and have them discuss this company and then provide for class discussion about the
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
importance of IT project success.
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
AnswertoConceptsinAction1-B:BPIontheFarm 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
Efficiency gains are mentioned in this Concept in Action. What are the drawbacks to this
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
scenario? Isit aseasyas it seems? Issuessuch asWi-Fi coverageon a farm, perhapseven cellular
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
coverage can come into play as can weather, dust, and other issues inherent with a farming
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
enterprise.
8i
1-2
, AnswertoConceptsinAction1-C:InterviewwithDonHallacy,President, 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
TechnologyServices,SprintCorporation 8i 8i 8i 8i
This isan opportune time to identifythe responsibilities of the differingrolesthat an analyst
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
serves.
8i
8 i 8 i AnswertoConceptsinAction1-D:IntangibleValueatCarlsonHospitality 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
Carlson Hospitality can use the information from the survey to determine whether the one-
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
point increase in market share revenue ($20 million per point) will offset costs associated
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
with increasingthelevel of services to high-qualitycustomers which would result in a 10%
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
increase in customer satisfaction.
8i 8i 8i 8i
AnswertoConceptsinAction1-E:ReturnonInvestment 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
1. One method for determining a return on investment is to complete a Cost-Benefit
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
Analysis using the Present Value Method. Many of the costs for server virtualization
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
areassociatedwiththeinitialconstruction:physicalmanipulationof the servers and
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
software licensing. The ongoing costs of labor in updating and accessing tables would
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
be relatively small. Using this type of analysis would allow theproject sponsors to
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
show how the benefits of the virtualization would be realized on a long term basis.
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
2. Implementing a major change to a system should certainly include a systems analyst. 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
Systems analysts typicallyhave abroad view ofthe system, and would be able to
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
ascertain how virtualizing the servers will affect the whole system.
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
AnswerstoEndofChapterQuestions 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
1. List and describe the six general skills all project team members should have.
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
[1] Technical skills (knowledge of how to employ technology in development system
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
solutions). [2] Business skills (knowledge of how to apply IT to business problems to
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
achieve a valuable solution). [3] Analytical skills (abilityto solve complex problems).
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
[4] Interpersonalskills (oraland writtencommunicationskills with both technicaland non-
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
technical audiences). [5] Management skills (ability to manage others and cope with an
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
uncertain environment). [6] Ethical skills (abilityto deal with others honestly and
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
ethically).
8i
2. What are the major roles on a project team? 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
1-3
, Business analyst – emphasis on the business issues addressed bythe system: value of new
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
system; identification of problems and opportunities; revision of business processes and
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
policies.
8i
Systems analyst – emphasis on IS issues of the system: how IT can be used to support
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
business processes; design of newbusiness process and IS; and enforcement of IS
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
standards.
8i
Infrastructure analyst – technicalissues associatedwithintegratingnew system 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
components to existing technical infrastructure.
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
Requirements analyst – eliciting the requirements of the new system from all 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
stakeholders. Theyunderstand thebusiness well,areexcellent communicators,and are
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
highly skilled in obtaining system requirements.
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
Change management analyst – emphasis on facilitatingorganizationaladaptationto new
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
system. Helping to identify and overcome resistance to change and assuring adequate
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
training and documentation of new system.
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
Projectmanager – ensuringthat progress is madeon the project; timeschedules and
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
budgets are met; supervision of project team; and manage relations with project sponsor
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
and users.
8i 8i
3. Compare and contrast theroleof a systems analyst,business analyst, and
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
infrastructure analyst.
8i 8i
These three roles emphasize different perspectives on the system. The business analyst
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
represents thesponsor/users interests, whilethesystems analystknowshowto apply IS to
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
support business needs. Together, the systems analyst and the business analyst can design
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
a system that conforms to the IS standards while adding value to the business. The
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
infrastructure analyst has more technical knowledge and provides the team with technical
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
constraints, or identifies infrastructure changes that the new system will require.
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
4. Compareand contrast the role of requirements analyst, changemanagement analyst, and
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
project manager.
8i 8i
These three roles also emphasize different perspectives on the system. The requirements
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
analyst focuses on eliciting the requirements from the system stakeholders. The change
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
management analyst focuses on people and managing issues surroundingthe installation
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8 i 8i 8i 8i
ofthe system. Theproject manager ensures thatthe project is completed on time and within
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
budget and that the system delivers the expected value to the organization.
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
5. Describe the major phases in the systems development life cycle (SDLC). 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
The planning phase focuses on determining if there is justification to build an information
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
system and developing a plan to accomplish the development project. Theanalysis phase is
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
focused on understandingtheexistingsituation and determining the needs and
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
requirements expected from the new system. The design phase refines the system
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
requirements (from analysis) and develops specifications for how the new
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
1-4
Dennis,Wixom,RothSystemsAnalysisandDesign,8thEdition
Chapter1-13 8i
Chapter1:TheSystemsAnalystandInformation 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
SystemsDevelopment
8i 8i
AnswertoYourTurn1-1:BeinganAnalyst 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
Student answers will vary, dependingon their preferences regardingbeing a: 1) systems
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
analyst, 2) business analyst, 3) requirements analyst, 4) infrastructure analyst, or 5) change
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
management analyst. Verify that the student has correctly associated the skills needed with
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
the type of analyst for which they aspire and that the student has created a plan to acquire those
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
skills. The roles and the names used to describe them may vary from organization to
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
organization.
8i
AnswertoYourTurn1-2:ImplementingaSatelliteDataNetwork 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
Whileanswers mayvary, answers might include the following:
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
1. A cost-benefit analysis, along with other financial processes (ROI, etc.) would
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
certainly reveal that a just-in-time (JIT) inventory can reduce inventory costs and
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
increase revenue. A standard communication line, encrypted or not, would not be able
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
to handle the high bandwidth needed fordata,voiceand video transmissions.
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
2. A competitor would be able to narrow the gap by adopting the JIT type of inventory
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
management. Voice and video arenot necessaryto keep the inventory up to date on a
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
timely basis, data transmissions alone would work well.
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
1-1
, Answer to Your Turn 1-3: Too Much Paper, Part 1 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
System Request
8i 8i
Element Description
Sponsor Document Manager. 8i
Business Need 8i Increaseefficiencyin storing, updating, and retrieving 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
information on employee injuryclaims. 8i 8i 8i 8i
Business Requirements 8i Automated system which allows for electronic 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
submission of reports via asecure web site. 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
Business Value 8i Reduceresponsetimeforemployeeinquiries,increase 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
effectiveness of storing, updating, and retrieving
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
employeeinjuryclaims.Reducestoragecostsofpaper files. 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
Special Issues 8i Must havesomeonewho understands howto createand 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
maintain a secure web site. Must have resources to migrate
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
paper files to data storage. Must work within HIPAA
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
guidelines to ensure that medical documents
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
are treated accordingto regulations.
8i 8i 8i 8i
AnswertoYourTurn1-4:TooMuchPaper,Part2 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
1. Issuesarisingfrom digitalsignatures and electronic documentstypicallyfocuson
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
establishing validity for signatures and originators. As these issues can be overcome
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
using certificates and encryption, they don‘t necessarily affect the project feasibility.
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
However, they do need to be addressed.
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
2. Answers will vary. The project champion, organizational management, and perhaps 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
most importantlya subset of the stakeholders must believe in and show support for
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
the project. One solution would beto plan and provide for sufficient trainingthat
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
demonstrateshow their jobs might be easier to accomplish with the automated
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
system.8i
AnswertoConceptsinAction1-A:AnArrayofITFailures 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
Qantas provides for an ―ice-breaker‖ discussion topic for the first class. Perhaps group the
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
students and have them discuss this company and then provide for class discussion about the
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
importance of IT project success.
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
AnswertoConceptsinAction1-B:BPIontheFarm 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
Efficiency gains are mentioned in this Concept in Action. What are the drawbacks to this
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
scenario? Isit aseasyas it seems? Issuessuch asWi-Fi coverageon a farm, perhapseven cellular
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
coverage can come into play as can weather, dust, and other issues inherent with a farming
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
enterprise.
8i
1-2
, AnswertoConceptsinAction1-C:InterviewwithDonHallacy,President, 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
TechnologyServices,SprintCorporation 8i 8i 8i 8i
This isan opportune time to identifythe responsibilities of the differingrolesthat an analyst
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
serves.
8i
8 i 8 i AnswertoConceptsinAction1-D:IntangibleValueatCarlsonHospitality 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
Carlson Hospitality can use the information from the survey to determine whether the one-
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
point increase in market share revenue ($20 million per point) will offset costs associated
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
with increasingthelevel of services to high-qualitycustomers which would result in a 10%
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
increase in customer satisfaction.
8i 8i 8i 8i
AnswertoConceptsinAction1-E:ReturnonInvestment 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
1. One method for determining a return on investment is to complete a Cost-Benefit
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
Analysis using the Present Value Method. Many of the costs for server virtualization
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
areassociatedwiththeinitialconstruction:physicalmanipulationof the servers and
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
software licensing. The ongoing costs of labor in updating and accessing tables would
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
be relatively small. Using this type of analysis would allow theproject sponsors to
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
show how the benefits of the virtualization would be realized on a long term basis.
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
2. Implementing a major change to a system should certainly include a systems analyst. 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
Systems analysts typicallyhave abroad view ofthe system, and would be able to
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
ascertain how virtualizing the servers will affect the whole system.
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
AnswerstoEndofChapterQuestions 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
1. List and describe the six general skills all project team members should have.
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
[1] Technical skills (knowledge of how to employ technology in development system
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
solutions). [2] Business skills (knowledge of how to apply IT to business problems to
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
achieve a valuable solution). [3] Analytical skills (abilityto solve complex problems).
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
[4] Interpersonalskills (oraland writtencommunicationskills with both technicaland non-
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
technical audiences). [5] Management skills (ability to manage others and cope with an
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
uncertain environment). [6] Ethical skills (abilityto deal with others honestly and
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
ethically).
8i
2. What are the major roles on a project team? 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
1-3
, Business analyst – emphasis on the business issues addressed bythe system: value of new
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
system; identification of problems and opportunities; revision of business processes and
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
policies.
8i
Systems analyst – emphasis on IS issues of the system: how IT can be used to support
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
business processes; design of newbusiness process and IS; and enforcement of IS
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
standards.
8i
Infrastructure analyst – technicalissues associatedwithintegratingnew system 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
components to existing technical infrastructure.
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
Requirements analyst – eliciting the requirements of the new system from all 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
stakeholders. Theyunderstand thebusiness well,areexcellent communicators,and are
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
highly skilled in obtaining system requirements.
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
Change management analyst – emphasis on facilitatingorganizationaladaptationto new
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
system. Helping to identify and overcome resistance to change and assuring adequate
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
training and documentation of new system.
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
Projectmanager – ensuringthat progress is madeon the project; timeschedules and
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
budgets are met; supervision of project team; and manage relations with project sponsor
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
and users.
8i 8i
3. Compare and contrast theroleof a systems analyst,business analyst, and
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
infrastructure analyst.
8i 8i
These three roles emphasize different perspectives on the system. The business analyst
8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
represents thesponsor/users interests, whilethesystems analystknowshowto apply IS to
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support business needs. Together, the systems analyst and the business analyst can design
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a system that conforms to the IS standards while adding value to the business. The
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infrastructure analyst has more technical knowledge and provides the team with technical
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constraints, or identifies infrastructure changes that the new system will require.
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4. Compareand contrast the role of requirements analyst, changemanagement analyst, and
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project manager.
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These three roles also emphasize different perspectives on the system. The requirements
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analyst focuses on eliciting the requirements from the system stakeholders. The change
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management analyst focuses on people and managing issues surroundingthe installation
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ofthe system. Theproject manager ensures thatthe project is completed on time and within
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budget and that the system delivers the expected value to the organization.
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5. Describe the major phases in the systems development life cycle (SDLC). 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i 8i
The planning phase focuses on determining if there is justification to build an information
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system and developing a plan to accomplish the development project. Theanalysis phase is
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focused on understandingtheexistingsituation and determining the needs and
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requirements expected from the new system. The design phase refines the system
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requirements (from analysis) and develops specifications for how the new
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1-4
