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UCSB EEMB Final Exam Complete Review Guide Essential Biology Concepts

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UCSB EEMB Final Exam Complete Review Guide Essential Biology Concepts

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UCSB EEMB 2
2026 2027 Final
Exam Complete
Review Guide
Essential Biology
Concepts

, Evolution - correct answer = the process by which different kinds of living organisms are
y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y




thought to have developed and diversified from earlier forms during the history of the earth
y y y y y y y y y y y y y y




Lamarck - correct answer = -invertebrate zoology
y y y y y y y y y




-first comprehensive theory of evolution - use/disuse model (giraffes)
y y y y y y y y




-inheritance of acquired characteristics y y y




-importance of environments y y




Lyell - correct answer = "Principles of Geology"
y y y y y y y y y y




-countless small changes occurring over vast periods of time, all according to known natural
y y y y y y y y y y y y y y




laws
-earth is ancient and develops slowly y y y y y




y y y Malthus - correct answer = -pop growth will always overtake the food supply
y y y y y y y y y y y y




y y y Cuvier - correct answer = comparative anatomy and extinction
y y y y y y y y




Hardy-Weinberg principle - correct answer = -Allele and genotype frequencies in a
y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y




population will remain constant from gen to gen in the absence of other evolutionary y y y y y y y y y y y y y y




influences

To remain at H-W equilibrium - correct answer = 1. large breeding pop
y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y




2. random mating
y y




3. no change in allele freq due to mutation
y y y y y y y y




4. no immigration or emigration
y y y y




5. no natural selection
y y y




general equation to calculate individual allele frequencies in a two-allele system (H-W) -
y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y




correct answer = freqB = p = (2N[BB] + N[Bb])/2N y y y y y y y y y




*Bb will never be greater than 50%
y y y y y y




y y y Effective population size - correct answer = size of population that can mate
y y y y y y y y y y y y




Extinction vortex - correct answer = mutual reinforcement occurs among biotic + abiotic
y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y




processes that drives a population to extinction y y y y y y




y y y Gene flow - correct answer = transfer of genetic variation from one pop to another
y y y y y y y y y y y y y y




mutational metdown - correct answer = accumulation of harmful mutations in a small pop -->
y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y




loss of fitness + decline in pop size
y y y y y y y




-caused by genetic drift y y y




negative/positive assortative mating - correct answer = neg: avoid mating with similar
y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y




individuals y




pos: opposite ^ y y

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