BIOS251 EXAM 2 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 100% PASS 2026 EDITION
Metabolism - ANS All of the chemical reactions of the body
Anabolism - ANS Energy-storing (endergonic) synthesis reactions
•Requires energy input
Catabolism - ANS Energy-releasing (exergonic) decomposition reactions
•Breaks covalent bonds
•Produces smaller molecules
Mitosis - ANS Mitosis is a type of cell division in which one cell (the mother) divides to
produce two new cells (the daughters) that are genetically identical to itself.
Meiosis - ANS a type of cell division that results in four daughter cells each with half the
number of chromosomes of the parent cell
Compare and contrast mitosis and meiosis - ANS -Both involved in cell division resulting in
new cells.
-mitosis produces cells that are genetically identical to the parent cell and the nucleus divides
once.
-Meiosis produces cells that have ½ the number of chromosomes from each parent cell and the
nucleus divides twice.
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, crossing over - ANS -The sharing of genetic material between two non-sister chromatids in a
homologous pair.
-occurs during prophase I of meiosis before tetrads are aligned along the equator in metaphase
I.
-occurs when chromosomal homologs exchange information during metaphase of Meiosis I
Nucleus - ANS Controls cell because it contains DNA, the genetic code--instructions for
making proteins, which in turn determine cell structure and function
Endoplasmic Reticulum - ANS -Network of connecting sacs and canals
-Carry substances through fluid cytoplasm
-Two types: rough and smooth
Rough ER - ANS collects, folds, and transports proteins made by ribosomes, has ribosomes on
it
Smooth ER - ANS synthesizes chemicals, produces lipids that makes up new membrane
Mitochondria - ANS -Powerhouse of the cell
-ATP is created in mitochondria
-Involved with energy-releasing chemical reactions
-Contains one DNA molecule
Lysosomes - ANS -Contains digestive enzymes that digest and break down things
-Formerly thought to be responsible for apoptosis(programmed cell death)
Golgi apparatus - ANS -helps process and package proteins and lipid molecules
-Called the chemical processing and packaging center
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ANSWERS 100% PASS 2026 EDITION
Metabolism - ANS All of the chemical reactions of the body
Anabolism - ANS Energy-storing (endergonic) synthesis reactions
•Requires energy input
Catabolism - ANS Energy-releasing (exergonic) decomposition reactions
•Breaks covalent bonds
•Produces smaller molecules
Mitosis - ANS Mitosis is a type of cell division in which one cell (the mother) divides to
produce two new cells (the daughters) that are genetically identical to itself.
Meiosis - ANS a type of cell division that results in four daughter cells each with half the
number of chromosomes of the parent cell
Compare and contrast mitosis and meiosis - ANS -Both involved in cell division resulting in
new cells.
-mitosis produces cells that are genetically identical to the parent cell and the nucleus divides
once.
-Meiosis produces cells that have ½ the number of chromosomes from each parent cell and the
nucleus divides twice.
@COPYRIGHT 2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED 1
, crossing over - ANS -The sharing of genetic material between two non-sister chromatids in a
homologous pair.
-occurs during prophase I of meiosis before tetrads are aligned along the equator in metaphase
I.
-occurs when chromosomal homologs exchange information during metaphase of Meiosis I
Nucleus - ANS Controls cell because it contains DNA, the genetic code--instructions for
making proteins, which in turn determine cell structure and function
Endoplasmic Reticulum - ANS -Network of connecting sacs and canals
-Carry substances through fluid cytoplasm
-Two types: rough and smooth
Rough ER - ANS collects, folds, and transports proteins made by ribosomes, has ribosomes on
it
Smooth ER - ANS synthesizes chemicals, produces lipids that makes up new membrane
Mitochondria - ANS -Powerhouse of the cell
-ATP is created in mitochondria
-Involved with energy-releasing chemical reactions
-Contains one DNA molecule
Lysosomes - ANS -Contains digestive enzymes that digest and break down things
-Formerly thought to be responsible for apoptosis(programmed cell death)
Golgi apparatus - ANS -helps process and package proteins and lipid molecules
-Called the chemical processing and packaging center
@COPYRIGHT 2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED 2
