Genetics From Genes to Genomes, Hartwell - Complete test bank - exam questions - quizzes (updated 2022)

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GeneticsFromGenesToGenomes6thEdition m
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Hartwell Test Bank mk mk mk




Hartwell
Chapter 1 Genetics: The Study of Biological Information
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1) How does DNA structure relate to its function?
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- The order of nucleotides in a DNA strand specifies the order of
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amino acids in
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aprotein.

2) What is a difference between the structure of DNA and proteins?
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- DNA is composed of nucleotides and proteins are composed of mk mk m k mk m k mk mk mk mk



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acids.

3) A genome can be best described as
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- the DNA in all chromosomes in a cell. mk mk mk mk mk mk mk




4) What is the difference between the function of DNA and the function of proteins?
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- DNA stores genetic information and proteins perform most m k m k m k m k m k m k m k




cellular functions.
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5) Which statement supports the theory that all organisms are related?
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- The genetic code is almost universal. mk mk mk mk mk




6) New genes are thought to arise by which mechanism?
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- Gene duplication followed by divergence due to mutation. mk mk mk mk mk mk mk




7) What is the most likely way a mutation in one gene can convert
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one body part to another?
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- The mutated gene encodes a protein that affects the expression of
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many other genes.
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8) A recent technical advancement that has accelerated the study of
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genomes is the abilityto
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- sequence large complex genomes rapidly and inexpensively. mk mk mk mk mk mk

,9) What is the difference between genetic dissection and genome sequencing?
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- Genetic dissection reveals information about one gene at a time and
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genomesequencing m k reveals information about all the genes in a genome at once.
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10) Currently, what information can be obtained from sequencing an individual's genome?
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- Information about gene variants that predispose a person to a mk mk mk mk mk mk mk mk mk




mkdisease, such ascancer. mk mk




11) Which is not a potential problem of allowing the genomic sequences of
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individuals tobecome
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- Advances leading to healthier lives for some people. mk mk mk mk mk mk mk




12) One strand of DNA has the sequence 5′ GGTCTA 3′. What is the
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msequence of the otherstrand?
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- 5′ TAGACC 3′ mk mk




13) Which statement is true about the structure of DNA?
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- The two strands of a DNA molecule are held together by base pairing.
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14) The size of the mouse (M. musculus) genome is mk




2700 megabases (Mb) and it
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contains about 25,000 genes arranged on 40 chromosomes. If the genes are
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mkevenly distributed on chromosomes in the mouse, what is the average number of
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mkgenes per chromosome?
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- 625

15) Which statement about the structure of proteins is false?
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- Most proteins consist of two amino acid polymers attached mk mk mk mk mk mk mk mk




together by hydrogen bonding.
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16) Which is a structural feature shared by DNA, RNA, and proteins?
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- The order of monomers is important for function.
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17) A segment of a protein has the amino acid sequence Ser—Gly—Leu. Is it possible
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toinfer the sequence of the RNA that encodes this amino acid sequence?
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No; more than one type of RNA (more than one base sequence) could
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encode this aminoacid sequence.
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18) A sequence of bases in the middle of an RNA used to encode a polypeptide has
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the sequence UUA—AUG—CGU. Is it possible to infer the sequence of the amino
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acids encoded by this RNA?
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- Yes, the sequence is Leu—Met—Arg.
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