EXAM 1 C7 NUR1023C FSCJ
POSSIBLE QUESTIONS AND
PRACTICE QUESTIONS
Erikson's6Trust6vs.6Mistrust6-6ans-
✔✔Infant6begins6to6TRUST6caregivers6to6take6care6of6their6needs,6If6the6caregiver6fails6t
o6provide6then6MISTRUST6develops6in6the6infant
Erikson's6Autonomy6vs.6Shame6and6Doubt6-6ans-
✔✔Toddlers6begin6to6do6things6for6themselves6which6represent6AUTONOMY,6if6the6pare
nts6yell6at6the6toddler6for6doing6thing6wrong6then6the6toddler6begins6to6feel6SHAME6and6
DOUBT6their6capabilities
Erikson's6Initiative6Vs.6Guilt6-6ans-
✔✔Preschooler6begins6to6take6INITIATIVE6in6learning,6if6the6parent6has6restrictions6or6re
primands6the6child6then6they6feel6GUILTY
Erikson's6Industry6Vs.6Inferiority6-6ans-
✔✔School6age,6this6is6where6the6child6focuses6on6the6end6result6of6goals6and6accomplis
hments,6if6the6child6is6mocked6by6peers6or6the6parents6have6a6different6expectation6then6
the6child6feels6INFERIOR
Erikson's6Identity6Vs.6Role6Confusion6-6ans-
✔✔This6is6the6time6where6a6child6turns6Adolescent6and6they6begin6to6find6their6IDENTIT
Y,6if6the6child6is6unable6to6find6themselves6then6they6have6ROLE6CONFUSION
Erikson's6Intimacy6Vs.6Isolation6-6ans-
✔✔Young6adults6try6to6establish6INTIMACY,6if6the6young6adults6are6scared6of6commitme
nts,6then6this6leads6to6ISOLATION
Erikson's6Generativity6vs.6Stagnation6-6ans-
✔✔Middle6adulthood6where6the6adult6is6worried6about6the6future6GENERATIONS,6if6the
y6do6not6hit6this6stage6then6they6become6STAGNAT
,Erikson's6Ego6Integrity6vs.6Despair6-6ans-
✔✔This6is6in6late6adulthood6where6the6adult6is6feeling6fulfilled6of6their6life6and6accomplis
hments,6if6they6have6regrets6and6dwell6on6them6then6they6feel6DESPAIR.
Piagets6Sensorimotor6-6ans-✔✔This6is6the6first636years6of6a6child's6life6where6the6infant/
toddler6is6experiencing6things6through6senses6and6gaining6mobility
Piagets6Preoperational6-6ans-✔✔This6is6ages62-
76where6the6child6begins6to6develop6magical6thinking.6Language6is6developing6more6in6th
is6time6period.
Piagets6Concrete6operational6-6ans-✔✔Age6ranges6from66-76and611-
126where6the6child6begins6to6develop6more6logical6thinking6and6they,6they6can6manipulat
e6tangible6or6concrete6objects6and6can6classify6articles6by626or6more6characteristics.
Piagets6Former6Operational6-6ans-✔✔This6is6ages611-126and614-
156where6the6adolescent6begins6to6have6more6advanced6thinking/6abstract6thinking.
Pharmaceutics6-6ans-✔✔-6Enternal6(PO,6rectal,6SL,6Digestive6Tract)
-6Parenteral6(Injections,6bypasses6GI6tract)
-6Topical6(ointments,6absorbed6by6skin6and6bypasses6GI6tract)
-6Inhalation6(Inhaled,6bypasses6GI6Tract)
Pharmacokinetics6-6ans-✔✔What6the6body6does6to6the6drug
Absorption6-6ans-
✔✔Hepatic6First6Pass,6the6liver6filters6a6majority6of6the6medication,6rendering6a6large6por
tion6of6the6medication6useless
Distribution6-6ans-
✔✔Medication6attaches6to6proteins6majority6of6the6time,6if6there6is6a6lack6of6protein6in6the
6body6then6the6drug6can't6bind6to6anything6so6a6majority6of6the6drug6is6roaming6free6causi
ng6drug6toxicity.
Metabolism6-6ans-✔✔Changing6this6drug6from6original6form.6Half-
Life6is6the6amount6of6time6it6takes6for6half6the6drug6to6be6eliminated6from6the6body.
Excretion6-6ans-
✔✔How6the6drug6leaves6the6body.6Examples6include6the6kidneys6filtering,6respirations,6f
eces,6and6sweat.
ADME6-6ans-✔✔Absorption
Distribution
Metabolism
Excretion
, Bioavailability6-6ans-
✔✔How6much6of6the6medication6reaches6the6circulatory6system6after6absorption.
Pharmacodynamics6-6ans-✔✔What6happens6to6the6body6after6absorption/drug6effects.
Primary6effect6-6ans-✔✔Intended6effect6(therapeutic6effect)
Secondary6effect6-6ans-
✔✔Something6desirable6or6undesirable.6Example:6taking6a6benadryl6can6make6you6feel6
sleepy6which6is6okay6if6you6have6nothing6to6do,6but6if6you6have6to6study6for6an6exam6it6is6
undesirable.
Side6effect6-6ans-✔✔effects6that6are6intended/
expected6such6as6constipation6due6to6pain6medication.6Does6not6affect6therapeutic6effect
.
Adverse6effects6-6ans-
✔✔HARMFUL,6UNINTENDED,6UNEXPECTED,6that6leads6to6injury6and6even6DEATH.
Toxic6effect6-6ans-✔✔Dose6of6medication6accumulating6due6to6poor6liver/
kidney6function6or6the6dose6being6too6high.
Onset6-6ans-✔✔Time6it6takes6for6medication6to6produce6a6minimal6therapeutic6effect.
Peak6-6ans-✔✔Maximum6therapeutic6effect
Duration6-6ans-✔✔How6long6a6drug6is6able6to6provide6a6therapeutic6effect
Therapeutic6index6-6ans-✔✔Medication6safety6margin
What6labs6do6you6draw6for6a6Narrow6therapeutic6index?6-6ans-✔✔Peak6and6Trough
Peak6tells6us6the6maximum6amount6of6drug6is6working
Trough6tells6us6when6the6minimalist6amount6of6the6drug6is6working
What6should6the6nurse6do6if6the6patient6is6taking6a6drug6with6a6narrow6therapeutic6index?
6-6ans-✔✔DRAW6a6PEAK6and6TROUGH
Medical6Asepsis6-6ans-✔✔HANDWASHING,6disinfecting6the6environment
Surgical6Asepsis6-6ans-✔✔Disinfecting6procedure6equipment
Labs6a6Nurse6should6get6for6bacteria6infection6-6ans-✔✔Culture6and6Sensitivity
The6culture6tells6us6what6type6of6bacteria6the6patient6contracted6and6sensitivity6is6what6th
e6bacteria6is6most6susceptible6to.
POSSIBLE QUESTIONS AND
PRACTICE QUESTIONS
Erikson's6Trust6vs.6Mistrust6-6ans-
✔✔Infant6begins6to6TRUST6caregivers6to6take6care6of6their6needs,6If6the6caregiver6fails6t
o6provide6then6MISTRUST6develops6in6the6infant
Erikson's6Autonomy6vs.6Shame6and6Doubt6-6ans-
✔✔Toddlers6begin6to6do6things6for6themselves6which6represent6AUTONOMY,6if6the6pare
nts6yell6at6the6toddler6for6doing6thing6wrong6then6the6toddler6begins6to6feel6SHAME6and6
DOUBT6their6capabilities
Erikson's6Initiative6Vs.6Guilt6-6ans-
✔✔Preschooler6begins6to6take6INITIATIVE6in6learning,6if6the6parent6has6restrictions6or6re
primands6the6child6then6they6feel6GUILTY
Erikson's6Industry6Vs.6Inferiority6-6ans-
✔✔School6age,6this6is6where6the6child6focuses6on6the6end6result6of6goals6and6accomplis
hments,6if6the6child6is6mocked6by6peers6or6the6parents6have6a6different6expectation6then6
the6child6feels6INFERIOR
Erikson's6Identity6Vs.6Role6Confusion6-6ans-
✔✔This6is6the6time6where6a6child6turns6Adolescent6and6they6begin6to6find6their6IDENTIT
Y,6if6the6child6is6unable6to6find6themselves6then6they6have6ROLE6CONFUSION
Erikson's6Intimacy6Vs.6Isolation6-6ans-
✔✔Young6adults6try6to6establish6INTIMACY,6if6the6young6adults6are6scared6of6commitme
nts,6then6this6leads6to6ISOLATION
Erikson's6Generativity6vs.6Stagnation6-6ans-
✔✔Middle6adulthood6where6the6adult6is6worried6about6the6future6GENERATIONS,6if6the
y6do6not6hit6this6stage6then6they6become6STAGNAT
,Erikson's6Ego6Integrity6vs.6Despair6-6ans-
✔✔This6is6in6late6adulthood6where6the6adult6is6feeling6fulfilled6of6their6life6and6accomplis
hments,6if6they6have6regrets6and6dwell6on6them6then6they6feel6DESPAIR.
Piagets6Sensorimotor6-6ans-✔✔This6is6the6first636years6of6a6child's6life6where6the6infant/
toddler6is6experiencing6things6through6senses6and6gaining6mobility
Piagets6Preoperational6-6ans-✔✔This6is6ages62-
76where6the6child6begins6to6develop6magical6thinking.6Language6is6developing6more6in6th
is6time6period.
Piagets6Concrete6operational6-6ans-✔✔Age6ranges6from66-76and611-
126where6the6child6begins6to6develop6more6logical6thinking6and6they,6they6can6manipulat
e6tangible6or6concrete6objects6and6can6classify6articles6by626or6more6characteristics.
Piagets6Former6Operational6-6ans-✔✔This6is6ages611-126and614-
156where6the6adolescent6begins6to6have6more6advanced6thinking/6abstract6thinking.
Pharmaceutics6-6ans-✔✔-6Enternal6(PO,6rectal,6SL,6Digestive6Tract)
-6Parenteral6(Injections,6bypasses6GI6tract)
-6Topical6(ointments,6absorbed6by6skin6and6bypasses6GI6tract)
-6Inhalation6(Inhaled,6bypasses6GI6Tract)
Pharmacokinetics6-6ans-✔✔What6the6body6does6to6the6drug
Absorption6-6ans-
✔✔Hepatic6First6Pass,6the6liver6filters6a6majority6of6the6medication,6rendering6a6large6por
tion6of6the6medication6useless
Distribution6-6ans-
✔✔Medication6attaches6to6proteins6majority6of6the6time,6if6there6is6a6lack6of6protein6in6the
6body6then6the6drug6can't6bind6to6anything6so6a6majority6of6the6drug6is6roaming6free6causi
ng6drug6toxicity.
Metabolism6-6ans-✔✔Changing6this6drug6from6original6form.6Half-
Life6is6the6amount6of6time6it6takes6for6half6the6drug6to6be6eliminated6from6the6body.
Excretion6-6ans-
✔✔How6the6drug6leaves6the6body.6Examples6include6the6kidneys6filtering,6respirations,6f
eces,6and6sweat.
ADME6-6ans-✔✔Absorption
Distribution
Metabolism
Excretion
, Bioavailability6-6ans-
✔✔How6much6of6the6medication6reaches6the6circulatory6system6after6absorption.
Pharmacodynamics6-6ans-✔✔What6happens6to6the6body6after6absorption/drug6effects.
Primary6effect6-6ans-✔✔Intended6effect6(therapeutic6effect)
Secondary6effect6-6ans-
✔✔Something6desirable6or6undesirable.6Example:6taking6a6benadryl6can6make6you6feel6
sleepy6which6is6okay6if6you6have6nothing6to6do,6but6if6you6have6to6study6for6an6exam6it6is6
undesirable.
Side6effect6-6ans-✔✔effects6that6are6intended/
expected6such6as6constipation6due6to6pain6medication.6Does6not6affect6therapeutic6effect
.
Adverse6effects6-6ans-
✔✔HARMFUL,6UNINTENDED,6UNEXPECTED,6that6leads6to6injury6and6even6DEATH.
Toxic6effect6-6ans-✔✔Dose6of6medication6accumulating6due6to6poor6liver/
kidney6function6or6the6dose6being6too6high.
Onset6-6ans-✔✔Time6it6takes6for6medication6to6produce6a6minimal6therapeutic6effect.
Peak6-6ans-✔✔Maximum6therapeutic6effect
Duration6-6ans-✔✔How6long6a6drug6is6able6to6provide6a6therapeutic6effect
Therapeutic6index6-6ans-✔✔Medication6safety6margin
What6labs6do6you6draw6for6a6Narrow6therapeutic6index?6-6ans-✔✔Peak6and6Trough
Peak6tells6us6the6maximum6amount6of6drug6is6working
Trough6tells6us6when6the6minimalist6amount6of6the6drug6is6working
What6should6the6nurse6do6if6the6patient6is6taking6a6drug6with6a6narrow6therapeutic6index?
6-6ans-✔✔DRAW6a6PEAK6and6TROUGH
Medical6Asepsis6-6ans-✔✔HANDWASHING,6disinfecting6the6environment
Surgical6Asepsis6-6ans-✔✔Disinfecting6procedure6equipment
Labs6a6Nurse6should6get6for6bacteria6infection6-6ans-✔✔Culture6and6Sensitivity
The6culture6tells6us6what6type6of6bacteria6the6patient6contracted6and6sensitivity6is6what6th
e6bacteria6is6most6susceptible6to.