Neonatal Physiology, Transition, Assessment, and High-Risk Newborn Nursing
Examination: Fetal Circulation Adaptation, Ductus Arteriosus Closure, Foramen
Ovale Shunting, Ductus Venosus Function, Brown Adipose Thermogenesis,
Neonatal Thermoregulation, Evaporation Heat Loss, Conduction Heat Loss,
Radiation Heat Loss, Convection Heat Loss, Cold Stress Pathophysiology, APGAR
Scoring Assessment, Neonatal Reflex Evaluation, Caput Succedaneum,
Cephalohematoma, Physiologic Jaundice, Pathologic Hyperbilirubinemia,
Phototherapy Management, Neonatal Hypoglycemia, Respiratory Distress
Syndrome, Surfactant Deficiency, Transient Tachypnea of the Newborn,
Meconium Aspiration Syndrome, Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension, Apnea of
Prematurity, Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia, Necrotizing Enterocolitis, Neonatal
Abstinence Syndrome, Gastroschisis, Omphalocele, Small-for-Gestational-Age
Complications, Large-for-Gestational-Age Complications, and Evidence-Based
Neonatal Nursing Interventions Exam Questions Verified and Provided with
Complete A+ Graded Rationales Latest Updated 2026
Normal newborn temperature
97.9-99.3 F
Normal newborn pulse
120-160 bpm
Normal newborn respiratory rate
30-60
Normal newborn blood pressure
60-80/40-50
,Normal newborn glucose
40-60
What causes the closure of ductus arteriosus, foramen ovale and ductus venosis?
rise in pressure on the left side of the heart with the first breath
What does the ductus arteriosus do?
shunts blood from pulmonary artery to aorta
when does the ductus arteriosus close?
between 10-96 hours after birth; functionally closes as soon as air enters the lung and cord is clamped
What does the foramen ovale do?
shunts blood from the right atrium to the left atrium to bypass the lungs
what does the ductus venosis do?
connects the liver and inferior vena cava
what causes heat production in the newborn?
brown fat metabolism
,brown fat sources in the newborn
*neck
*axilla
*kidneys
*adrenal glands
*sternum
*scapula
What are the mechanisms of heat loss in infants?
*evaporation
*conduction
*radiation
*convection
what is evaporation heat loss
loss of heat as the skin dries
what is conduction heat loss
loss of heat from direct contact with a cooler surface
What is radiation heat loss?
loss of heat to outside wall or other source
, what is convection heat loss?
loss of heat from moving a cool air fan (drafts)
interventions for evaporation heat loss
dry infant
interventions for conduction heat loss
warm surfaces like scales
interventions for radiation heat loss
keep away from outside walls
interventions for convection heat loss
draft free room
effects of cold stress on the infant
*hypoglycemia
*hyperbilirubinemia
*hypoxemia
*metabolic acidosis
what is jaundice
A yellowing of the skin and eyes
Examination: Fetal Circulation Adaptation, Ductus Arteriosus Closure, Foramen
Ovale Shunting, Ductus Venosus Function, Brown Adipose Thermogenesis,
Neonatal Thermoregulation, Evaporation Heat Loss, Conduction Heat Loss,
Radiation Heat Loss, Convection Heat Loss, Cold Stress Pathophysiology, APGAR
Scoring Assessment, Neonatal Reflex Evaluation, Caput Succedaneum,
Cephalohematoma, Physiologic Jaundice, Pathologic Hyperbilirubinemia,
Phototherapy Management, Neonatal Hypoglycemia, Respiratory Distress
Syndrome, Surfactant Deficiency, Transient Tachypnea of the Newborn,
Meconium Aspiration Syndrome, Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension, Apnea of
Prematurity, Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia, Necrotizing Enterocolitis, Neonatal
Abstinence Syndrome, Gastroschisis, Omphalocele, Small-for-Gestational-Age
Complications, Large-for-Gestational-Age Complications, and Evidence-Based
Neonatal Nursing Interventions Exam Questions Verified and Provided with
Complete A+ Graded Rationales Latest Updated 2026
Normal newborn temperature
97.9-99.3 F
Normal newborn pulse
120-160 bpm
Normal newborn respiratory rate
30-60
Normal newborn blood pressure
60-80/40-50
,Normal newborn glucose
40-60
What causes the closure of ductus arteriosus, foramen ovale and ductus venosis?
rise in pressure on the left side of the heart with the first breath
What does the ductus arteriosus do?
shunts blood from pulmonary artery to aorta
when does the ductus arteriosus close?
between 10-96 hours after birth; functionally closes as soon as air enters the lung and cord is clamped
What does the foramen ovale do?
shunts blood from the right atrium to the left atrium to bypass the lungs
what does the ductus venosis do?
connects the liver and inferior vena cava
what causes heat production in the newborn?
brown fat metabolism
,brown fat sources in the newborn
*neck
*axilla
*kidneys
*adrenal glands
*sternum
*scapula
What are the mechanisms of heat loss in infants?
*evaporation
*conduction
*radiation
*convection
what is evaporation heat loss
loss of heat as the skin dries
what is conduction heat loss
loss of heat from direct contact with a cooler surface
What is radiation heat loss?
loss of heat to outside wall or other source
, what is convection heat loss?
loss of heat from moving a cool air fan (drafts)
interventions for evaporation heat loss
dry infant
interventions for conduction heat loss
warm surfaces like scales
interventions for radiation heat loss
keep away from outside walls
interventions for convection heat loss
draft free room
effects of cold stress on the infant
*hypoglycemia
*hyperbilirubinemia
*hypoxemia
*metabolic acidosis
what is jaundice
A yellowing of the skin and eyes
