NSG527 Midterm Exam: Psychopathology, Theories, & Advanced
Clinical Modalities Questions and Answers and Explanations | Latest
Wilkes
1. According to Erik Erikson’s Psychosocial stages, which stage describes the
developmental challenge of individuals in late adulthood?
A. Ego Integrity vs. Despair
B. Generativity vs. Stagnation
C. Intimacy vs. Isolation
D. Identity vs. Role Confusion
Answer: A
Explanation: Ego Integrity vs. Despair occurs in late adulthood (65+), where individuals
reflect on their lives and feel a sense of fulfillment or regret.
2. Which neurotransmitter is primarily associated with the ‘reward system’ of
the brain and is often implicated in substance use disorders?
A. GABA
B. Serotonin
C. Acetylcholine
D. Dopamine
Answer: D
,Explanation: Dopamine plays a major role in reward-motivated behavior and the brain’s
pleasure centers.
3. In Freudian Psychoanalytic theory, which component of the personality
operates on the ‘Reality Principle’?
A. The Id
B. The Superego
C. The Ego
D. The Preconscious
Answer: C
Explanation: The Ego functions on the reality principle, mediating between the impulsive
Id and the moralistic Superego.
4. Which of the following is a core characteristic of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
(CBT)?
A. Focusing on unconscious childhood conflicts
B. Identifying and challenging cognitive distortions
C. Unconditional positive regard for the client
D. Interpreting dreams to reveal the id’s desires
Answer: B
Explanation: CBT is based on the premise that thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are
interconnected, and challenging distorted thoughts leads to improved outcomes.
,5. What is the minimum duration of symptoms required for a diagnosis of Major
Depressive Disorder according to the DSM-5-TR?
A. 1 week
B. 1 month
C. 2 weeks
D. 6 months
Answer: C
Explanation: To meet criteria for MDD, five or more symptoms must be present during the
same 2-week period.
6. In Carl Rogers’ Person-Centered Therapy, what are the three essential
therapist attributes?
A. Interpretation, Transference, and Resistance
B. Congruence, Empathy, and Unconditional Positive Regard
C. Generalization, Extinction, and Reinforcement
D. Schema, Accommodation, and Assimilation
Answer: B
Explanation: Rogers believed that for a client to grow, the therapist must provide these
three conditions in the therapeutic relationship.
, 7. Which personality disorder is characterized by a pervasive pattern of
instability in interpersonal relationships, self-image, and affects?
A. Antisocial Personality Disorder
B. Borderline Personality Disorder
C. Schizotypal Personality Disorder
D. Avoidant Personality Disorder
Answer: B
Explanation: Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) is defined by instability in moods,
self-image, and relationships, often accompanied by impulsivity.
8. In Murray Bowen’s Family Systems Theory, what is the term for a three-
person relationship system used to manage anxiety?
A. Enmeshment
B. Triangulation
C. Differentiation
D. Codependency
Answer: B
Explanation: Triangulation occurs when two people in conflict bring in a third person to
stabilize the relationship and reduce tension.
Clinical Modalities Questions and Answers and Explanations | Latest
Wilkes
1. According to Erik Erikson’s Psychosocial stages, which stage describes the
developmental challenge of individuals in late adulthood?
A. Ego Integrity vs. Despair
B. Generativity vs. Stagnation
C. Intimacy vs. Isolation
D. Identity vs. Role Confusion
Answer: A
Explanation: Ego Integrity vs. Despair occurs in late adulthood (65+), where individuals
reflect on their lives and feel a sense of fulfillment or regret.
2. Which neurotransmitter is primarily associated with the ‘reward system’ of
the brain and is often implicated in substance use disorders?
A. GABA
B. Serotonin
C. Acetylcholine
D. Dopamine
Answer: D
,Explanation: Dopamine plays a major role in reward-motivated behavior and the brain’s
pleasure centers.
3. In Freudian Psychoanalytic theory, which component of the personality
operates on the ‘Reality Principle’?
A. The Id
B. The Superego
C. The Ego
D. The Preconscious
Answer: C
Explanation: The Ego functions on the reality principle, mediating between the impulsive
Id and the moralistic Superego.
4. Which of the following is a core characteristic of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
(CBT)?
A. Focusing on unconscious childhood conflicts
B. Identifying and challenging cognitive distortions
C. Unconditional positive regard for the client
D. Interpreting dreams to reveal the id’s desires
Answer: B
Explanation: CBT is based on the premise that thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are
interconnected, and challenging distorted thoughts leads to improved outcomes.
,5. What is the minimum duration of symptoms required for a diagnosis of Major
Depressive Disorder according to the DSM-5-TR?
A. 1 week
B. 1 month
C. 2 weeks
D. 6 months
Answer: C
Explanation: To meet criteria for MDD, five or more symptoms must be present during the
same 2-week period.
6. In Carl Rogers’ Person-Centered Therapy, what are the three essential
therapist attributes?
A. Interpretation, Transference, and Resistance
B. Congruence, Empathy, and Unconditional Positive Regard
C. Generalization, Extinction, and Reinforcement
D. Schema, Accommodation, and Assimilation
Answer: B
Explanation: Rogers believed that for a client to grow, the therapist must provide these
three conditions in the therapeutic relationship.
, 7. Which personality disorder is characterized by a pervasive pattern of
instability in interpersonal relationships, self-image, and affects?
A. Antisocial Personality Disorder
B. Borderline Personality Disorder
C. Schizotypal Personality Disorder
D. Avoidant Personality Disorder
Answer: B
Explanation: Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) is defined by instability in moods,
self-image, and relationships, often accompanied by impulsivity.
8. In Murray Bowen’s Family Systems Theory, what is the term for a three-
person relationship system used to manage anxiety?
A. Enmeshment
B. Triangulation
C. Differentiation
D. Codependency
Answer: B
Explanation: Triangulation occurs when two people in conflict bring in a third person to
stabilize the relationship and reduce tension.
