Biology 1201 Gregg Exam 2 Test Bank | Complete Questions with
Correct Answers | Latest 2026 Update
Metabolism - CORRECT ANSWER -totality of an organism's chemical reactions, chemical
reactions occur anytime two or more atoms, ions, or molecules collide in such a way that they
produce a new substance
Metabolic pathway - CORRECT ANSWER -begins with a specific molecule and ends with a
product, each is catalyzed by a specific enzyme
Energy - CORRECT ANSWER -the capacity to cause change, can exist in various forms, some of
which can perform work, kinetic, thermal, potential, chemical
The first law of thermodynamics - CORRECT ANSWER -energy can be transferred and
transformed
Plasma membrane - CORRECT ANSWER -separates the living cell from it's surroundings, it is
selectively permeable, transport proteins are often responsible for controlling passage across
cellular membranes
Fluid mosaic model - CORRECT ANSWER -the membrane is a mosaic of protein molecules
bobbing in a fluid of bilayer of phospholipids
Membranes - CORRECT ANSWER -held together by weak hydrophobic interactions, most of the
lipids and some proteins can move sideways within the membrane
Peripheral proteins - CORRECT ANSWER -bound to the surface of the membrane
Integral proteins - CORRECT ANSWER -penetrate the hydrophobic core
, Transmembrane proteins - CORRECT ANSWER -integral proteins that span across the membrane
Cells recognize each other by - CORRECT ANSWER -binding to surface molecules, often
carbohydrates, on the plasma membrane
Membrane carbohydrates - CORRECT ANSWER -can be covalently bonded to lipids (glycolipids)
or to proteins (glycoproteins)
Selectively permeable - CORRECT ANSWER -regulates entry and exit of substances, direct cells
molecular traffic
Hydrophobic molecules - CORRECT ANSWER -dissolve in the lipid bilayer and pass through the
membrane rapidly
Hydrophillic molecules - CORRECT ANSWER -ions and polar molecules that do not cross the
membrane easily
Transport proteins - CORRECT ANSWER -allow passage of hydrophillic substances across the
membrane
Carrier proteins - CORRECT ANSWER -bind to molecules and change shape to shuttle them
across the membrane
Diffusion - CORRECT ANSWER -the tendency for molecules to spread out evenly into the
available space
Cocentration gradient - CORRECT ANSWER -molecules move from high to low concentration
Correct Answers | Latest 2026 Update
Metabolism - CORRECT ANSWER -totality of an organism's chemical reactions, chemical
reactions occur anytime two or more atoms, ions, or molecules collide in such a way that they
produce a new substance
Metabolic pathway - CORRECT ANSWER -begins with a specific molecule and ends with a
product, each is catalyzed by a specific enzyme
Energy - CORRECT ANSWER -the capacity to cause change, can exist in various forms, some of
which can perform work, kinetic, thermal, potential, chemical
The first law of thermodynamics - CORRECT ANSWER -energy can be transferred and
transformed
Plasma membrane - CORRECT ANSWER -separates the living cell from it's surroundings, it is
selectively permeable, transport proteins are often responsible for controlling passage across
cellular membranes
Fluid mosaic model - CORRECT ANSWER -the membrane is a mosaic of protein molecules
bobbing in a fluid of bilayer of phospholipids
Membranes - CORRECT ANSWER -held together by weak hydrophobic interactions, most of the
lipids and some proteins can move sideways within the membrane
Peripheral proteins - CORRECT ANSWER -bound to the surface of the membrane
Integral proteins - CORRECT ANSWER -penetrate the hydrophobic core
, Transmembrane proteins - CORRECT ANSWER -integral proteins that span across the membrane
Cells recognize each other by - CORRECT ANSWER -binding to surface molecules, often
carbohydrates, on the plasma membrane
Membrane carbohydrates - CORRECT ANSWER -can be covalently bonded to lipids (glycolipids)
or to proteins (glycoproteins)
Selectively permeable - CORRECT ANSWER -regulates entry and exit of substances, direct cells
molecular traffic
Hydrophobic molecules - CORRECT ANSWER -dissolve in the lipid bilayer and pass through the
membrane rapidly
Hydrophillic molecules - CORRECT ANSWER -ions and polar molecules that do not cross the
membrane easily
Transport proteins - CORRECT ANSWER -allow passage of hydrophillic substances across the
membrane
Carrier proteins - CORRECT ANSWER -bind to molecules and change shape to shuttle them
across the membrane
Diffusion - CORRECT ANSWER -the tendency for molecules to spread out evenly into the
available space
Cocentration gradient - CORRECT ANSWER -molecules move from high to low concentration
