RNSG 1443 Exam 1 Respiratory Pathophysiology and Nursing Exam:
Asthma, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Bronchoconstriction,
Airflow Limitation, Bronchial Hyper-Responsiveness, Mast Cells,
Inflammatory Mediators, Eosinophils, Leukotrienes, Cytokines, Vascular
Congestion, Mucus Hypersecretion, Air Trapping, Pulmonary Function
Testing, Peak Expiratory Flow Rate, Pursed-Lip Breathing, Huff Coughing
Technique, Oxygen Therapy, O2 Toxicity, Pulmonary Hypertension, Cor
Pulmonale, Environmental Lung Disease, Pneumoconiosis, Lung Cancer, Non-
Small Cell Lung Cancer, Small Cell Lung Cancer, Paraneoplastic Syndromes,
Thoracentesis, Pneumonectomy, Head and Neck Cancer, Radical Neck
Dissection, TNM Staging, Postoperative Nursing Care, Pulmonary
Rehabilitation, Pharmacologic Management, Beta-2 Agonists,
Anticholinergics, Corticosteroids, Leukotriene Modifiers, Inhaled vs Oral
Therapy, Acute vs Long-Term Management Exam Questions Verified and
Provided with Complete A+ Graded Rationales Latest Updated 2026
asthma
´Chronic inflammatory lung disease causing airflow obstruction. Usually heterogeneous in nature.
(meaning multi-factor causes)
´Usually reversible.
´Symptoms: wheezing, breathlessness, chest tightness, cough
´Diagnostic measures: Peak expiratory flow rate. (PEFR)
´Table 31.9 Pg. 648-650 Drug therapy for acute vs long term treatment
´Acute exacerbation:
´Albuterol/steroids
´Long term treatment:
´Daily inhalation with low-dose to high-dose steroids and/or combination with short to long-acting beta
agonists.
study guide & video links
videos
,https://simplenursing.com/video-playlist/?category=respiratory-patho
study guides
https://docs.google.com/document/d/1vq5NH4BCj9L5Z-Ywh0gPAEtMH3RgiZ59aVI5n8DSyHw/edit?
usp=sharing
heterogeneous
many things can come together to acuse it/ make it happen
Asthma Pathophysiology
´Pathophysiology
´Mast cell - reminder – are immune cells – activate to
release a wide variety of inflammatory mediators
´Inflammatory mediators released – such as leukotrienes,
histamine, cytokines etc.
´Eosinophils, neutrophils, Lymphocytes infiltrate
airways
´Results in:
, ´Vascular congestion
´Edema
´Viscous mucous
´Bronchial muscle spasms
´Thickened airway walls
´Bronchial hyper-responsiveness
vascular congestion
blood flow in arterial tissue is greater than the venous tissue. Results in pooling and engorgement of the
tissue
changes from asthma
´Bronchoconstriction
´Smooth muscle contraction
´Increased mucus secretion
´Remodeling (permanent changes)
Asthma, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Bronchoconstriction,
Airflow Limitation, Bronchial Hyper-Responsiveness, Mast Cells,
Inflammatory Mediators, Eosinophils, Leukotrienes, Cytokines, Vascular
Congestion, Mucus Hypersecretion, Air Trapping, Pulmonary Function
Testing, Peak Expiratory Flow Rate, Pursed-Lip Breathing, Huff Coughing
Technique, Oxygen Therapy, O2 Toxicity, Pulmonary Hypertension, Cor
Pulmonale, Environmental Lung Disease, Pneumoconiosis, Lung Cancer, Non-
Small Cell Lung Cancer, Small Cell Lung Cancer, Paraneoplastic Syndromes,
Thoracentesis, Pneumonectomy, Head and Neck Cancer, Radical Neck
Dissection, TNM Staging, Postoperative Nursing Care, Pulmonary
Rehabilitation, Pharmacologic Management, Beta-2 Agonists,
Anticholinergics, Corticosteroids, Leukotriene Modifiers, Inhaled vs Oral
Therapy, Acute vs Long-Term Management Exam Questions Verified and
Provided with Complete A+ Graded Rationales Latest Updated 2026
asthma
´Chronic inflammatory lung disease causing airflow obstruction. Usually heterogeneous in nature.
(meaning multi-factor causes)
´Usually reversible.
´Symptoms: wheezing, breathlessness, chest tightness, cough
´Diagnostic measures: Peak expiratory flow rate. (PEFR)
´Table 31.9 Pg. 648-650 Drug therapy for acute vs long term treatment
´Acute exacerbation:
´Albuterol/steroids
´Long term treatment:
´Daily inhalation with low-dose to high-dose steroids and/or combination with short to long-acting beta
agonists.
study guide & video links
videos
,https://simplenursing.com/video-playlist/?category=respiratory-patho
study guides
https://docs.google.com/document/d/1vq5NH4BCj9L5Z-Ywh0gPAEtMH3RgiZ59aVI5n8DSyHw/edit?
usp=sharing
heterogeneous
many things can come together to acuse it/ make it happen
Asthma Pathophysiology
´Pathophysiology
´Mast cell - reminder – are immune cells – activate to
release a wide variety of inflammatory mediators
´Inflammatory mediators released – such as leukotrienes,
histamine, cytokines etc.
´Eosinophils, neutrophils, Lymphocytes infiltrate
airways
´Results in:
, ´Vascular congestion
´Edema
´Viscous mucous
´Bronchial muscle spasms
´Thickened airway walls
´Bronchial hyper-responsiveness
vascular congestion
blood flow in arterial tissue is greater than the venous tissue. Results in pooling and engorgement of the
tissue
changes from asthma
´Bronchoconstriction
´Smooth muscle contraction
´Increased mucus secretion
´Remodeling (permanent changes)
