RNSG 1443 Exam 1Acid-Base: CO2, HCO3, pH, Respiratory Acidosis,
Respiratory Alkalosis, Metabolic Acidosis, Metabolic Alkalosis, Compensation
Mechanisms, Buffer Systems, Lungs, Kidneys, Carbonic Acid-Bicarbonate
System, Hydrogen Ions, Hyperventilation, Hypoventilation, Renal
Compensation, Respiratory Compensation, ABG Interpretation, PaCO2, PaO2,
HCO3- Levels, Nadir, Electrolyte Shifts, Potassium, Calcium, Respiratory Failure,
Renal Failure, Diabetic Ketoacidosis, Vomiting, Diarrhea, Mechanical
Ventilation, Hypoxia, Nursing Interventions, Patient Monitoring Exam Questions
Verified and Provided with Complete A+ Graded Rationales Latest Updated 2026
Is CO2 an acid or a base?
acid
video & study guide links
videos
https://simplenursing.com/video-playlist/?category=lab-values&video=acid-base-abgs-labs
https://simplenursing.com/video-playlist/?category=acid-base-imbalances-patho&video=3-step-abg-
interpretation
study guides
https://docs.google.com/document/d/1jeZFvAETiCQP-Oh3G9fVoyopQ9iiVJ8veTDQ5SxCp1k/edit?
usp=sharing
Which of the following medical conditions can cause CO2 to increase in arterial blood resulting in
respiratory acidosis?
,-Pneumonia -Collapsed lung (hemothorax or pneumothorax)
-Renal disease -Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
-Vomiting -Hyperventilation
-Diarrhea -Hypoventilation
-Pneumonia
-Hypoventilation
-Collapsed lung (hemothorax or pneumothorax) -Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Which of the following medical conditions can cause CO2 to decrease in the arterial blood resulting in
respiratory alkalosis?
-Hypoventilation
-Hyperventilation
-Diarrhea
-Hyperventilation
Is HCO3 (sodium bicarbonate) an acid or a base?
BASE
When HCO3 is high; arterial blood gasses most likely would show the body to be in?
Alkalosis with a pH of >7.45 or Acidosis with a pH of <7.35
Alkalosis with a pH of >7.45
, Which of the following medical conditions can cause HCO3 to increase in arterial blood resulting in
Metabolic Alkalosis?
-Pneumonia -Diarrhea
-Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) -Starvation
-Anaerobic metabolism -Vomiting
-Renal disease
-Vomiting
Which of the following medical conditions can cause HCO3 to decrease in arterial blood resulting in
Metabolic Acidosis?
-Pneumonia -Diarrhea
-Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) -Starvation
-anaerobic metabolism -Vomiting
-Renal disease
-Diarrhea
-Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) -Starvation
-anaerobic metabolism -Renal disease
How does the Respiratory system compensate for acidosis?
-Slowing respirations to retain CO2 -Secreting HCO3
-Increasing respiration to blow off CO2 -Retaining HCO3
-Increasing respiration to blow off CO2
Respiratory Alkalosis, Metabolic Acidosis, Metabolic Alkalosis, Compensation
Mechanisms, Buffer Systems, Lungs, Kidneys, Carbonic Acid-Bicarbonate
System, Hydrogen Ions, Hyperventilation, Hypoventilation, Renal
Compensation, Respiratory Compensation, ABG Interpretation, PaCO2, PaO2,
HCO3- Levels, Nadir, Electrolyte Shifts, Potassium, Calcium, Respiratory Failure,
Renal Failure, Diabetic Ketoacidosis, Vomiting, Diarrhea, Mechanical
Ventilation, Hypoxia, Nursing Interventions, Patient Monitoring Exam Questions
Verified and Provided with Complete A+ Graded Rationales Latest Updated 2026
Is CO2 an acid or a base?
acid
video & study guide links
videos
https://simplenursing.com/video-playlist/?category=lab-values&video=acid-base-abgs-labs
https://simplenursing.com/video-playlist/?category=acid-base-imbalances-patho&video=3-step-abg-
interpretation
study guides
https://docs.google.com/document/d/1jeZFvAETiCQP-Oh3G9fVoyopQ9iiVJ8veTDQ5SxCp1k/edit?
usp=sharing
Which of the following medical conditions can cause CO2 to increase in arterial blood resulting in
respiratory acidosis?
,-Pneumonia -Collapsed lung (hemothorax or pneumothorax)
-Renal disease -Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
-Vomiting -Hyperventilation
-Diarrhea -Hypoventilation
-Pneumonia
-Hypoventilation
-Collapsed lung (hemothorax or pneumothorax) -Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Which of the following medical conditions can cause CO2 to decrease in the arterial blood resulting in
respiratory alkalosis?
-Hypoventilation
-Hyperventilation
-Diarrhea
-Hyperventilation
Is HCO3 (sodium bicarbonate) an acid or a base?
BASE
When HCO3 is high; arterial blood gasses most likely would show the body to be in?
Alkalosis with a pH of >7.45 or Acidosis with a pH of <7.35
Alkalosis with a pH of >7.45
, Which of the following medical conditions can cause HCO3 to increase in arterial blood resulting in
Metabolic Alkalosis?
-Pneumonia -Diarrhea
-Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) -Starvation
-Anaerobic metabolism -Vomiting
-Renal disease
-Vomiting
Which of the following medical conditions can cause HCO3 to decrease in arterial blood resulting in
Metabolic Acidosis?
-Pneumonia -Diarrhea
-Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) -Starvation
-anaerobic metabolism -Vomiting
-Renal disease
-Diarrhea
-Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) -Starvation
-anaerobic metabolism -Renal disease
How does the Respiratory system compensate for acidosis?
-Slowing respirations to retain CO2 -Secreting HCO3
-Increasing respiration to blow off CO2 -Retaining HCO3
-Increasing respiration to blow off CO2
