x
,
,CHAPTER1:MicrobialLife:OriginandDiscovery
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MULTIPLE CHOICE
jt
1. Virusesxare:
a. infectiousxagents that infect multi-cellular organisms jt jt jt jt
b. noncellular particlesthat take over themetabolismof acell togenerate mor e vir
jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt
usparticles
c. pathogens that replicate in complex growth media jt jt jt jt jt jt
d. cellular particles thatxbelongxto the archaea domain
jt jt jt jt jt
e. microbesxthat consistxof lipid membrane enclosed genomes jt jt jt jt jt
ANS: B j t DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 j t TOP: I.A | I.B j t jt jt
MSC: Remembering
j t
2. Analysisxof DNA sequences reveals: jt jt jt
a. the ancient convergence of two cell types, i.e., prokaryotes and euka ryo
jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt
tes
b. prokaryotes and eukaryotesxevolved from a common ancestral cell jt jt jt jt jt jt jt
c. thatxbacteria share common ancestor with archaea, but notxwith euk ary jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt
a
d. prokaryotes are cells with a nucleus jt jt jt jt jt
e. the genome of Haemophilus influenzaexhas about 2 billion base pairs
jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt
ANS: B j t DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 j t TOP: I.A | I.B j t jt jt
MSC: Remembering
j t
3. Which of these groups are considered to be microbes butxNOT considered toxbe cells?
jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt
a. viruses d. protists
b. bacteria e. filamentousxfungi
c. archaea
ANS: A j t DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 j t TOP: I.A.i j t
MSC: Remembering
j t
4. A microbe is commonly defined as:
jt jt jt jt jt
a. a virus that requires a microscope to be seen
jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt
b. a bacterium that requires a microscope to be seen
jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt
c. asingle- jt
cellular prokaryote that requires a microscopexto be seen
jt jt jt jt jt jt jt
d. a multicellular eukaryote that requires a microscope to be se en
jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt
e. a living organism that requires a microscope to bexseen
jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt
ANS: E j t DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 j t TOP: I.A.i | I.A.ii jt jt jt
MSC: Remembering
j t
5. Which one of the following statements regarding microbial cellsxisxNOT true?
jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt
a. Microbial cells acquire food, gain energy toxbuild themselves, and respo nd
jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt
to
environmental change. jt
, b. Mostxsingle-
celled organisms requirexa microscope to render them visible, but some ba
jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt
cterial cells arexlarge enough to bexseen with naked eyes.
jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt
c. Microbes function as individual entities. jt jt jt jt
d. Many microbes form complex multicellular assemblages.
jt jt jt jt jt
e. Viruses are not considered asxmicrobial cells. jt jt jt jt jt
ANS: C j t DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 j t TOP: I.A.i | I.A.iijt jt jt
MSC: Remembering
j t
6. Which of the following statements is FALSE?
jt jt jt jt jt jt
a. Axgenome is the total genetic information contained in an organism’s chromosomal DNA
jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt
.
b. If a microbe’sxgenomexincludes genes for nitrogenase, that microbe probably can fix
jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt
nitrogen.
c. BycomparingDNA sequences of different organisms, wexcanfigure outxhow closely rel
jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt
ated they are. jt jt
d. Fred Sanger developed the firstxapplicable DNA sequencing method.
jt jt jt jt jt jt jt
e. Fred Sanger completed the sequences of Haemophilus influenzae.
jt jt jt jt jt jt jt
ANS: E j t DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 j t TOP: I.B j t
MSC: Remembering
j t
7. The first cellular genomes to be sequenced were those of:
jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt
a. humans d. prions
b. bacteria e. fungi
c. viruses
ANS: B j t DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 j t TOP: I.B.i j t
MSC: Remembering
j t
8. The environment of early Earth may have contained all of the following EXCEPT:
jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt
a. ferrous iron d. oxygen
jt
b. methane e. hydrogen gas jt
c. ammonia
ANS: D j t DIF: Easy
REF: Special Topic 1.1TOP: II.D MS
jt jt jt j t jt
C: Remembering
jt
9. The development of the theory of the ―RNA world‖ resulted fromthe discovery of:
jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt
a. archaea d. ribozymes
b. prions e. endosymbionts
c. bacteria
ANS: D j t DIF: Medium
REF: Special Topic 1.1TOP: II.D MS
jt jt jt j t jt
C: Remembering
jt
10. Which microbes may resemble those of the earliest life forms?
jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt
a. archaea d. cyanobacteria
b. photosynthetic algae e. protists jt
c. viruses
ANS: A j t DIF: Medium
REF: Special Topic 1.1TOP: II.D MS
jt jt jt j t jt
C: Remembering
jt
11. Early metabolism may have been catalyzed by:
jt jt jt jt jt jt
a. DNA d. aminoxacids
,
,CHAPTER1:MicrobialLife:OriginandDiscovery
jt jt jt jt jt jt
MULTIPLE CHOICE
jt
1. Virusesxare:
a. infectiousxagents that infect multi-cellular organisms jt jt jt jt
b. noncellular particlesthat take over themetabolismof acell togenerate mor e vir
jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt
usparticles
c. pathogens that replicate in complex growth media jt jt jt jt jt jt
d. cellular particles thatxbelongxto the archaea domain
jt jt jt jt jt
e. microbesxthat consistxof lipid membrane enclosed genomes jt jt jt jt jt
ANS: B j t DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 j t TOP: I.A | I.B j t jt jt
MSC: Remembering
j t
2. Analysisxof DNA sequences reveals: jt jt jt
a. the ancient convergence of two cell types, i.e., prokaryotes and euka ryo
jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt
tes
b. prokaryotes and eukaryotesxevolved from a common ancestral cell jt jt jt jt jt jt jt
c. thatxbacteria share common ancestor with archaea, but notxwith euk ary jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt
a
d. prokaryotes are cells with a nucleus jt jt jt jt jt
e. the genome of Haemophilus influenzaexhas about 2 billion base pairs
jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt
ANS: B j t DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 j t TOP: I.A | I.B j t jt jt
MSC: Remembering
j t
3. Which of these groups are considered to be microbes butxNOT considered toxbe cells?
jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt
a. viruses d. protists
b. bacteria e. filamentousxfungi
c. archaea
ANS: A j t DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 j t TOP: I.A.i j t
MSC: Remembering
j t
4. A microbe is commonly defined as:
jt jt jt jt jt
a. a virus that requires a microscope to be seen
jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt
b. a bacterium that requires a microscope to be seen
jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt
c. asingle- jt
cellular prokaryote that requires a microscopexto be seen
jt jt jt jt jt jt jt
d. a multicellular eukaryote that requires a microscope to be se en
jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt
e. a living organism that requires a microscope to bexseen
jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt
ANS: E j t DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 j t TOP: I.A.i | I.A.ii jt jt jt
MSC: Remembering
j t
5. Which one of the following statements regarding microbial cellsxisxNOT true?
jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt
a. Microbial cells acquire food, gain energy toxbuild themselves, and respo nd
jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt
to
environmental change. jt
, b. Mostxsingle-
celled organisms requirexa microscope to render them visible, but some ba
jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt
cterial cells arexlarge enough to bexseen with naked eyes.
jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt
c. Microbes function as individual entities. jt jt jt jt
d. Many microbes form complex multicellular assemblages.
jt jt jt jt jt
e. Viruses are not considered asxmicrobial cells. jt jt jt jt jt
ANS: C j t DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 j t TOP: I.A.i | I.A.iijt jt jt
MSC: Remembering
j t
6. Which of the following statements is FALSE?
jt jt jt jt jt jt
a. Axgenome is the total genetic information contained in an organism’s chromosomal DNA
jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt
.
b. If a microbe’sxgenomexincludes genes for nitrogenase, that microbe probably can fix
jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt
nitrogen.
c. BycomparingDNA sequences of different organisms, wexcanfigure outxhow closely rel
jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt
ated they are. jt jt
d. Fred Sanger developed the firstxapplicable DNA sequencing method.
jt jt jt jt jt jt jt
e. Fred Sanger completed the sequences of Haemophilus influenzae.
jt jt jt jt jt jt jt
ANS: E j t DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 j t TOP: I.B j t
MSC: Remembering
j t
7. The first cellular genomes to be sequenced were those of:
jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt
a. humans d. prions
b. bacteria e. fungi
c. viruses
ANS: B j t DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 j t TOP: I.B.i j t
MSC: Remembering
j t
8. The environment of early Earth may have contained all of the following EXCEPT:
jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt
a. ferrous iron d. oxygen
jt
b. methane e. hydrogen gas jt
c. ammonia
ANS: D j t DIF: Easy
REF: Special Topic 1.1TOP: II.D MS
jt jt jt j t jt
C: Remembering
jt
9. The development of the theory of the ―RNA world‖ resulted fromthe discovery of:
jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt
a. archaea d. ribozymes
b. prions e. endosymbionts
c. bacteria
ANS: D j t DIF: Medium
REF: Special Topic 1.1TOP: II.D MS
jt jt jt j t jt
C: Remembering
jt
10. Which microbes may resemble those of the earliest life forms?
jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt
a. archaea d. cyanobacteria
b. photosynthetic algae e. protists jt
c. viruses
ANS: A j t DIF: Medium
REF: Special Topic 1.1TOP: II.D MS
jt jt jt j t jt
C: Remembering
jt
11. Early metabolism may have been catalyzed by:
jt jt jt jt jt jt
a. DNA d. aminoxacids
