BIOD 101 FINAL EXAM 2026 PORTAGE
LEARNING PRACTICE SCRIPT QUESTIONS
ANSWERS INCLUDED
◉ Why does recombination between linked genes continue to occur?
1.Recombination is a requirement for independent assortment.
2.Recombination must occur or genes will not assort independently.
3.New allele combinations are acted upon by natural selection.
4.The forces on the cell during meiosis II always result in
recombination.. Answer: 3. New allele combinations are acted upon by
natural selection
◉ The genes possessed by an organism for a trait is called?
1.A phenotype
2.a genotype
3.a karyotype
4.all of the above. Answer: 2. genotype
◉ Males are more often affected by sex-linked traits than females
because
1.male hormones such as testerone often alter the affects of mutations on
the X chromosome.
2.female hormones such as estrogen often compensate for the effects of
mutations on the X chromosome.
,3.X chromosomes in males generally have more mutations than X
chromosomes in females.
4.males are hemizygous for the X chromosome.. Answer: 4. Males are
hemizygous for the X chromosomes
◉ What type of bond is very prevalent in lipids and gives lipids their
properties?
1.polar covalent
2.nonpolar covalent
3.strong ionic bond
4.weak ionic bond
5.hydrogen bond. Answer: 2. nonpolar covalent
◉ Which term most precisely describes the cellular process of breaking
down large molecules into smaller ones?
1.metabolism
2.anabolism
3.dehydration
4.catabolism. Answer: 4.catabolism
◉ The purpose of meiosis II is to
1.duplicate all chromosomes
,2.randomly separate the homologous pairs, called independent
assortment
3.separate the duplicated sister chromatids
4.divide the original material into four complete diploid cells. Answer:
3.separate the duplicated sister chromatids
◉ When crossing an organism that is homozygous recessive (rr) for a
single trait with a heterozygote (Rr), what is the chance of producing an
offspring with the homozygous recessive phenotype?
1.0%
2.25%
3.50%
4.75%
5.100%. Answer: 3.50%
◉ Which of the following traits is an example of polygenic inheritance?
1.the ABO blood group in humans
2.Huntington's disease in humans
3.white and purple flower color in peas
4.skin pigmentation in humans. Answer: 4. skin pigmentation in humans
◉ Approximately how many molecules of ATP are produced from the
complete oxidation of two molecules of glucose (C6H12O6) in aerobic
cellular respiration?
, 1.2
2.4
3.30-32
4.60-64. Answer: 4. 60-64
◉ Reduction of oxygen to form water occurs during
1.photosynthesis only.
2.respiration only.
3.both photosynthesis and respiration.
4.neither photosynthesis nor respiration.. Answer: 2.respiration only
◉ Which of the following statements is true concerning catabolic
pathways?
1.They combine molecules into more energy-rich molecules.
2.They supply energy, primarily in the form of ATP, for the cell's work.
3.They are endergonic.
4.They are spontaneous and do not need enzyme catalysis.. Answer: 2.
They supply energy, primarily in the form of ATP, for the cell's work
◉ At which stage of mitosis are chromosomes usually photographed in
the preparation of a karyotype?
1.prophase
2.metaphase
LEARNING PRACTICE SCRIPT QUESTIONS
ANSWERS INCLUDED
◉ Why does recombination between linked genes continue to occur?
1.Recombination is a requirement for independent assortment.
2.Recombination must occur or genes will not assort independently.
3.New allele combinations are acted upon by natural selection.
4.The forces on the cell during meiosis II always result in
recombination.. Answer: 3. New allele combinations are acted upon by
natural selection
◉ The genes possessed by an organism for a trait is called?
1.A phenotype
2.a genotype
3.a karyotype
4.all of the above. Answer: 2. genotype
◉ Males are more often affected by sex-linked traits than females
because
1.male hormones such as testerone often alter the affects of mutations on
the X chromosome.
2.female hormones such as estrogen often compensate for the effects of
mutations on the X chromosome.
,3.X chromosomes in males generally have more mutations than X
chromosomes in females.
4.males are hemizygous for the X chromosome.. Answer: 4. Males are
hemizygous for the X chromosomes
◉ What type of bond is very prevalent in lipids and gives lipids their
properties?
1.polar covalent
2.nonpolar covalent
3.strong ionic bond
4.weak ionic bond
5.hydrogen bond. Answer: 2. nonpolar covalent
◉ Which term most precisely describes the cellular process of breaking
down large molecules into smaller ones?
1.metabolism
2.anabolism
3.dehydration
4.catabolism. Answer: 4.catabolism
◉ The purpose of meiosis II is to
1.duplicate all chromosomes
,2.randomly separate the homologous pairs, called independent
assortment
3.separate the duplicated sister chromatids
4.divide the original material into four complete diploid cells. Answer:
3.separate the duplicated sister chromatids
◉ When crossing an organism that is homozygous recessive (rr) for a
single trait with a heterozygote (Rr), what is the chance of producing an
offspring with the homozygous recessive phenotype?
1.0%
2.25%
3.50%
4.75%
5.100%. Answer: 3.50%
◉ Which of the following traits is an example of polygenic inheritance?
1.the ABO blood group in humans
2.Huntington's disease in humans
3.white and purple flower color in peas
4.skin pigmentation in humans. Answer: 4. skin pigmentation in humans
◉ Approximately how many molecules of ATP are produced from the
complete oxidation of two molecules of glucose (C6H12O6) in aerobic
cellular respiration?
, 1.2
2.4
3.30-32
4.60-64. Answer: 4. 60-64
◉ Reduction of oxygen to form water occurs during
1.photosynthesis only.
2.respiration only.
3.both photosynthesis and respiration.
4.neither photosynthesis nor respiration.. Answer: 2.respiration only
◉ Which of the following statements is true concerning catabolic
pathways?
1.They combine molecules into more energy-rich molecules.
2.They supply energy, primarily in the form of ATP, for the cell's work.
3.They are endergonic.
4.They are spontaneous and do not need enzyme catalysis.. Answer: 2.
They supply energy, primarily in the form of ATP, for the cell's work
◉ At which stage of mitosis are chromosomes usually photographed in
the preparation of a karyotype?
1.prophase
2.metaphase
