Bio 253 final Exam Questions & Answers | Latest Already Graded A+ |Ques
tions with Correct Answers 2026 latest update!!
1. Organelles are
2. Organs of the Urinary system kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra
3. draw and label a kidney with
the following terms: Cortex, Medul-
la, Pelvis, renal artery, renal vein,
ureter, nephron
4. functional unit of the kidney nephron
1 million per kidney!
5. What parts make up the nephron? Renal corpuscle
Renal tubule
Glomerulus (capillaries that filter the blood plasma)
Bowman's capsule (surrounds the glomerulus)
Efferent arteriole
loop of henle
6. What is the glomerulus made of? capillaries
7. Function of a nephron filter blood and produce urine
8. Two nephron types juxtamedullary and cortical
9. juxtamedullary nephrons -Long nephron loops deeply invade medulla
-Ascending limbs have thick and thin segments
-Important in production of concentrated urine
-found at the boundary of the cortex and medulla
10. cortical nephrons -85% of all nephrons
-short nephron loops
, Bio 253 final Exam Questions & Answers | Latest Already Graded A+ |Ques
tions with Correct Answers 2026 latest update!!
-efferent arterioles branch into peritubular capillar-
ies around PCT and DCT
11. How is urine made in the kidney? 1.)Reabsorption - moving substances with tubule
into the blood.
2.)filtration - occurs in the glomerulus or renal cor-
puscle
3.)secretion
4.)filtration
12. driving force for filtration hydrostatic pressure or BP
13. What fluid comes out of the filtrate
glomerulus?
14. What is filtrate? mostly water, electrolytes, nutrients, and waste prod-
ucts. Glucose is normal in filtrate.
-similar to blood plasma
15. Reabsorption in the Nephron Loop Only water is absorbed in the descending limb. Na+
chloride is absorbed in the ascending limb (no wa-
ter).
16. Status of water coming out of @ Lowest concentration (diluted)
nephron loop?
17. Process taking place in nephron Countercurrent mechanism (dilutes the urine). Can
loop? also create concentrated urine from the Na+ ab-
sorbed in the ascending limb.
18. tubular secretion -selectively moves substances from blood to filtrate in
renal tubules and collecting ducts
-From blood to tubular
, Bio 253 final Exam Questions & Answers | Latest Already Graded A+ |Ques
tions with Correct Answers 2026 latest update!!
-Usually in the distal tubule
-K+, H+, Uric acid, Penicillin are secreted
19. Hormones that regulate kidney directly :
function ADH
Aldosterone
ANH
indirectly :
Renin (created by kidney)
Angiotensin
20. Aldosterone function -decreases sodium and water loss in urine by return-
ing sodium and water to the blood
21. Aldosterone: Target Cells kidneys
22. ANH function Tells kidneys that blood volume is too high, so dumps
out H20 and Na+
23. Effects of ADH increases reabsorption of water from urine back into
plasma and therefore, decreases the volume of water
that is excreted
-secreted by posterior pituitary gland
-when a person is dehydrated, hypothalamus makes
them thirsty and retains more water because of the
ADH
24. flow of urine through kidney Glomerulus
Bowmans Capsule
Proximal convoluted tubule
Loop of Henle
Distal convoluted tubule
tions with Correct Answers 2026 latest update!!
1. Organelles are
2. Organs of the Urinary system kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra
3. draw and label a kidney with
the following terms: Cortex, Medul-
la, Pelvis, renal artery, renal vein,
ureter, nephron
4. functional unit of the kidney nephron
1 million per kidney!
5. What parts make up the nephron? Renal corpuscle
Renal tubule
Glomerulus (capillaries that filter the blood plasma)
Bowman's capsule (surrounds the glomerulus)
Efferent arteriole
loop of henle
6. What is the glomerulus made of? capillaries
7. Function of a nephron filter blood and produce urine
8. Two nephron types juxtamedullary and cortical
9. juxtamedullary nephrons -Long nephron loops deeply invade medulla
-Ascending limbs have thick and thin segments
-Important in production of concentrated urine
-found at the boundary of the cortex and medulla
10. cortical nephrons -85% of all nephrons
-short nephron loops
, Bio 253 final Exam Questions & Answers | Latest Already Graded A+ |Ques
tions with Correct Answers 2026 latest update!!
-efferent arterioles branch into peritubular capillar-
ies around PCT and DCT
11. How is urine made in the kidney? 1.)Reabsorption - moving substances with tubule
into the blood.
2.)filtration - occurs in the glomerulus or renal cor-
puscle
3.)secretion
4.)filtration
12. driving force for filtration hydrostatic pressure or BP
13. What fluid comes out of the filtrate
glomerulus?
14. What is filtrate? mostly water, electrolytes, nutrients, and waste prod-
ucts. Glucose is normal in filtrate.
-similar to blood plasma
15. Reabsorption in the Nephron Loop Only water is absorbed in the descending limb. Na+
chloride is absorbed in the ascending limb (no wa-
ter).
16. Status of water coming out of @ Lowest concentration (diluted)
nephron loop?
17. Process taking place in nephron Countercurrent mechanism (dilutes the urine). Can
loop? also create concentrated urine from the Na+ ab-
sorbed in the ascending limb.
18. tubular secretion -selectively moves substances from blood to filtrate in
renal tubules and collecting ducts
-From blood to tubular
, Bio 253 final Exam Questions & Answers | Latest Already Graded A+ |Ques
tions with Correct Answers 2026 latest update!!
-Usually in the distal tubule
-K+, H+, Uric acid, Penicillin are secreted
19. Hormones that regulate kidney directly :
function ADH
Aldosterone
ANH
indirectly :
Renin (created by kidney)
Angiotensin
20. Aldosterone function -decreases sodium and water loss in urine by return-
ing sodium and water to the blood
21. Aldosterone: Target Cells kidneys
22. ANH function Tells kidneys that blood volume is too high, so dumps
out H20 and Na+
23. Effects of ADH increases reabsorption of water from urine back into
plasma and therefore, decreases the volume of water
that is excreted
-secreted by posterior pituitary gland
-when a person is dehydrated, hypothalamus makes
them thirsty and retains more water because of the
ADH
24. flow of urine through kidney Glomerulus
Bowmans Capsule
Proximal convoluted tubule
Loop of Henle
Distal convoluted tubule
