NURS 218 Pharmacology: Study Guide --> Exam 1 || 100% Correct
Answers.
Define drug correct answers any chemical that can affect living processes
Define pharmacology correct answers study of drugs and their interaction with living systems
Define clinical pharmacology correct answers the study of drugs in humans
Define therapeutics correct answers use of drugs to diagnose, to prevent, or to treat disease or
prevent pregnancy
List the 3 most important properties of an ideal drug correct answers 1) Effectiveness
2) Safety
3) Selectivity
Identify the objective of drug therapy correct answers to provide maximum benefit with minimal
harm
Identify and discuss 7 aspects of drug therapy that apply to patient care correct answers 1) Pre-
administration Assessment (get a baseline before medication)
2) Dosage and Administration (pay attention to patients reaction to meds and how to administer
them)
3) Evaluating and promoting therapeutic effects
4) Minimizing adverse effects: administering meds properly
5) Minimizing adverse interactions: look at how other drugs interact before giving
6) Making PRN decisions: decide what meds are appropriate
7) Managing toxicity: recognize adverse effects and respond quickly
,Identify areas for patient education related to pharmacology correct answers - Drug name and
category
- Dosage
- Dosing schedule
- Route and technique
- Expected therapeutic response
- Non-drug measures
- Duration of treatment
- Method of drug storage
- Adverse effects, interactions (drug and food)
List the 5 steps of the nursing process and provide an example related to pharmacology correct
answers 1) Assessment
2) Analysis - Nursing Diagnosis: risk for injury related to drug-induced bleeding
3) Planning: teaching patients how to handle situations on their own
4) Implementation: actively teach the patient
5) Evaluation: finding a different route and teaching the patient again if they fail at meds
Define use of controls correct answers standard treatment and placebo; some receive treatment
while some receive the "fake"
Define randomization correct answers randomly selecting and putting people in groups to make
experiment equal and fair (no volunteers or personal selection)
Define blinding correct answers the participants do not know if they are getting the treatment or
the placebo
, List and define the stages of new drug development correct answers - Phase I: small #'s; healthy
volunteers
- Phase II: tested on patients
- Phase III: clinical research
- Phase IV: post-marketing surveillance; drug is marketed for general use while monitoring the
drug's effects
Define chemical name correct answers given because of the chemical make-up (easier to say)
Define generic name correct answers name given to the drug based on its properties (hard to say,
but is the name we should use)
Define trade name correct answers name given by the company (easy to say)
Define generic drug correct answers A company that gains rights to a new drug; once exclusive
right ends, other companies market the drug for lower money
Define OTC drug correct answers drugs that can be purchased without prescription
Define pharmacokinetics correct answers process of drug movement throughout the body
List 3 ways that drugs cross membranes correct answers 1) Channels and Pores: only certain
molecules can pass
2) Transport systems: involves carriers (usually act as gates)
3) Direct penetration of the membrane: most common route for drug movement
Describe absorption correct answers the movement of a drug from its site of administration into
the blood
Answers.
Define drug correct answers any chemical that can affect living processes
Define pharmacology correct answers study of drugs and their interaction with living systems
Define clinical pharmacology correct answers the study of drugs in humans
Define therapeutics correct answers use of drugs to diagnose, to prevent, or to treat disease or
prevent pregnancy
List the 3 most important properties of an ideal drug correct answers 1) Effectiveness
2) Safety
3) Selectivity
Identify the objective of drug therapy correct answers to provide maximum benefit with minimal
harm
Identify and discuss 7 aspects of drug therapy that apply to patient care correct answers 1) Pre-
administration Assessment (get a baseline before medication)
2) Dosage and Administration (pay attention to patients reaction to meds and how to administer
them)
3) Evaluating and promoting therapeutic effects
4) Minimizing adverse effects: administering meds properly
5) Minimizing adverse interactions: look at how other drugs interact before giving
6) Making PRN decisions: decide what meds are appropriate
7) Managing toxicity: recognize adverse effects and respond quickly
,Identify areas for patient education related to pharmacology correct answers - Drug name and
category
- Dosage
- Dosing schedule
- Route and technique
- Expected therapeutic response
- Non-drug measures
- Duration of treatment
- Method of drug storage
- Adverse effects, interactions (drug and food)
List the 5 steps of the nursing process and provide an example related to pharmacology correct
answers 1) Assessment
2) Analysis - Nursing Diagnosis: risk for injury related to drug-induced bleeding
3) Planning: teaching patients how to handle situations on their own
4) Implementation: actively teach the patient
5) Evaluation: finding a different route and teaching the patient again if they fail at meds
Define use of controls correct answers standard treatment and placebo; some receive treatment
while some receive the "fake"
Define randomization correct answers randomly selecting and putting people in groups to make
experiment equal and fair (no volunteers or personal selection)
Define blinding correct answers the participants do not know if they are getting the treatment or
the placebo
, List and define the stages of new drug development correct answers - Phase I: small #'s; healthy
volunteers
- Phase II: tested on patients
- Phase III: clinical research
- Phase IV: post-marketing surveillance; drug is marketed for general use while monitoring the
drug's effects
Define chemical name correct answers given because of the chemical make-up (easier to say)
Define generic name correct answers name given to the drug based on its properties (hard to say,
but is the name we should use)
Define trade name correct answers name given by the company (easy to say)
Define generic drug correct answers A company that gains rights to a new drug; once exclusive
right ends, other companies market the drug for lower money
Define OTC drug correct answers drugs that can be purchased without prescription
Define pharmacokinetics correct answers process of drug movement throughout the body
List 3 ways that drugs cross membranes correct answers 1) Channels and Pores: only certain
molecules can pass
2) Transport systems: involves carriers (usually act as gates)
3) Direct penetration of the membrane: most common route for drug movement
Describe absorption correct answers the movement of a drug from its site of administration into
the blood
