NUR 218 Exam 3 || Graded A+.
The organ in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen is the:
a. spleen
b. liver
c. cecum
d. sigmoid colon correct answers liver
The liver is in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen. The spleen is in the left upper quadrant.
The cecum is in the right lower quadrant. The sigmoid colon is in the left lower quadrant.
Moles on the abdomen:
a. are common.
b. are uncommon.
c. require a biopsy.
d. are no cause for concern. correct answers are common.
Pigmented nevi (moles) are common on the abdomen. Nevi are circumscribed brown macular or
papular areas. Nevi should be observed for unusual color or change in shape; biopsy or removal
is indicated if nevi change, which indicates a possible malignancy.
The four layers of large, flat abdominal muscles form the:
a. linea alba.
b. rectus abdominis.
c. ventral abdominal wall.
d. viscera correct answers ventral abdominal wall.
,The four layers of large, flat muscles form the ventral abdominal wall. These muscles are joined
at the midline by a tendinous seam, the linea alba. One set of abdominal muscles, the rectus
abdominis, forms a strip extending the length of the midline. The viscera are all the internal
organs inside the abdominal cavity.
The symptoms occurring with lactose intolerance include:
a. bloating and flatulence.
b. gray stools.
c. hematemesis.
d. anorexia. correct answers bloating and flatulence.
Lactose intolerance produces abdominal pain, bloating, and flatulence when milk products are
consumed. Gray stools may occur with hepatitis. Hematemesis occurs with stomach or duodenal
ulcers and esophageal varices. Anorexia is a loss of appetite and occurs with gastrointestinal
disease, as a side effect of some medications, with pregnancy, or with psychological disorders.
Methods to enhance abdominal wall relaxation during examination include:
a. a cool environment.
b. having the patient place arms above the head.
c. examining painful areas first.
d. positioning the patient with the knees bent. correct answers positioning the patient with the
knees bent.
Position the patient supine, with the head on a pillow, knees bent or on a pillow, and arms at the
side. Keep the room warm to avoid chilling and tensing of muscles. Avoid having arms above the
head; this increases abdominal wall tension. Painful areas should be examined last to avoid
muscle guarding.
Pyloric stenosis is a(n):
a. abnormal enlargement of the pyloric sphincter.
,b. inflammation of the pyloric sphincter.
c. congenital narrowing of the pyloric sphincter.
d. abnormal opening in the pyloric sphincter. correct answers congenital narrowing of the pyloric
sphincter.
Pyloric stenosis is a congenital defect causing a narrowing of the pyloric sphincter.
The abdomen normally moves with breathing until the age of __ years.
a. 4
b. 7
c. 14
d. 75 correct answers 7
Abdominal breathing in children continues until the age of 7 years.
Older adults have:
a. decreased salivation leading to dry mouth.
b. increased gastric acid secretion.
c. increased liver size.
d. decreased incidence of gallstones. correct answers decreased salivation leading to dry mouth.
Aging results in decreased salivation leading to dry mouth. Aging results in decreased gastric
acid secretion. Aging results in decreased liver size. Aging results in increased incidence of
gallstone formation.
Ascites is defined as:
a. a bowel obstruction.
b. a proximal loop of the large intestine.
, c. an abnormal enlargement of the spleen.
d. an abnormal accumulation of serous fluid within the peritoneal cavity. correct answers an
abnormal accumulation of serous fluid within the peritoneal cavity.
Ascites is free fluid in the peritoneal cavity. A bowel obstruction may result in abdominal
distention. The proximal loop of the large intestine is the ascending colon. Splenomegaly is the
term to describe an enlarged spleen
Pyrosis is:
a. an inflammation of the peritoneum.
b. a burning sensation in the upper abdomen.
c. a congenital narrowing of the pyloric sphincter.
d. an abnormally sunken abdominal wall. correct answers a burning sensation in the upper
abdomen.
Pyrosis (heartburn) is a burning sensation in the esophagus and stomach from reflux of gastric
acid. Peritonitis is an inflammation of the peritoneum. Pyloric stenosis is a congenital narrowing
of the pyloric sphincter. A scaphoid abdomen abnormally caves in or is sunken.
Energy requirements for an aging adult decrease as a result of:
a. loss of energy.
b. eating habits.
c. loss of lean body mass.
d. decreasing body fat. correct answers loss of lean body mass.
An older adult has a decrease in energy requirements as a result of loss of lean body mass, the
most metabolically active tissue. An older adult has a decrease in energy requirements as a result
of an increase in fat mass.
A comprehensive nutritional assessment always includes:
The organ in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen is the:
a. spleen
b. liver
c. cecum
d. sigmoid colon correct answers liver
The liver is in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen. The spleen is in the left upper quadrant.
The cecum is in the right lower quadrant. The sigmoid colon is in the left lower quadrant.
Moles on the abdomen:
a. are common.
b. are uncommon.
c. require a biopsy.
d. are no cause for concern. correct answers are common.
Pigmented nevi (moles) are common on the abdomen. Nevi are circumscribed brown macular or
papular areas. Nevi should be observed for unusual color or change in shape; biopsy or removal
is indicated if nevi change, which indicates a possible malignancy.
The four layers of large, flat abdominal muscles form the:
a. linea alba.
b. rectus abdominis.
c. ventral abdominal wall.
d. viscera correct answers ventral abdominal wall.
,The four layers of large, flat muscles form the ventral abdominal wall. These muscles are joined
at the midline by a tendinous seam, the linea alba. One set of abdominal muscles, the rectus
abdominis, forms a strip extending the length of the midline. The viscera are all the internal
organs inside the abdominal cavity.
The symptoms occurring with lactose intolerance include:
a. bloating and flatulence.
b. gray stools.
c. hematemesis.
d. anorexia. correct answers bloating and flatulence.
Lactose intolerance produces abdominal pain, bloating, and flatulence when milk products are
consumed. Gray stools may occur with hepatitis. Hematemesis occurs with stomach or duodenal
ulcers and esophageal varices. Anorexia is a loss of appetite and occurs with gastrointestinal
disease, as a side effect of some medications, with pregnancy, or with psychological disorders.
Methods to enhance abdominal wall relaxation during examination include:
a. a cool environment.
b. having the patient place arms above the head.
c. examining painful areas first.
d. positioning the patient with the knees bent. correct answers positioning the patient with the
knees bent.
Position the patient supine, with the head on a pillow, knees bent or on a pillow, and arms at the
side. Keep the room warm to avoid chilling and tensing of muscles. Avoid having arms above the
head; this increases abdominal wall tension. Painful areas should be examined last to avoid
muscle guarding.
Pyloric stenosis is a(n):
a. abnormal enlargement of the pyloric sphincter.
,b. inflammation of the pyloric sphincter.
c. congenital narrowing of the pyloric sphincter.
d. abnormal opening in the pyloric sphincter. correct answers congenital narrowing of the pyloric
sphincter.
Pyloric stenosis is a congenital defect causing a narrowing of the pyloric sphincter.
The abdomen normally moves with breathing until the age of __ years.
a. 4
b. 7
c. 14
d. 75 correct answers 7
Abdominal breathing in children continues until the age of 7 years.
Older adults have:
a. decreased salivation leading to dry mouth.
b. increased gastric acid secretion.
c. increased liver size.
d. decreased incidence of gallstones. correct answers decreased salivation leading to dry mouth.
Aging results in decreased salivation leading to dry mouth. Aging results in decreased gastric
acid secretion. Aging results in decreased liver size. Aging results in increased incidence of
gallstone formation.
Ascites is defined as:
a. a bowel obstruction.
b. a proximal loop of the large intestine.
, c. an abnormal enlargement of the spleen.
d. an abnormal accumulation of serous fluid within the peritoneal cavity. correct answers an
abnormal accumulation of serous fluid within the peritoneal cavity.
Ascites is free fluid in the peritoneal cavity. A bowel obstruction may result in abdominal
distention. The proximal loop of the large intestine is the ascending colon. Splenomegaly is the
term to describe an enlarged spleen
Pyrosis is:
a. an inflammation of the peritoneum.
b. a burning sensation in the upper abdomen.
c. a congenital narrowing of the pyloric sphincter.
d. an abnormally sunken abdominal wall. correct answers a burning sensation in the upper
abdomen.
Pyrosis (heartburn) is a burning sensation in the esophagus and stomach from reflux of gastric
acid. Peritonitis is an inflammation of the peritoneum. Pyloric stenosis is a congenital narrowing
of the pyloric sphincter. A scaphoid abdomen abnormally caves in or is sunken.
Energy requirements for an aging adult decrease as a result of:
a. loss of energy.
b. eating habits.
c. loss of lean body mass.
d. decreasing body fat. correct answers loss of lean body mass.
An older adult has a decrease in energy requirements as a result of loss of lean body mass, the
most metabolically active tissue. An older adult has a decrease in energy requirements as a result
of an increase in fat mass.
A comprehensive nutritional assessment always includes:
