NP3 Exam UPDATED ACTUAL QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT ANSWERS
What is the normal arterial blood pH range - CORRECT ANSWER 7.35 to 7.45
What is the normal PaCO2 range - CORRECT ANSWER 35 to 45 mmHg
What is the normal bicarbonate range - CORRECT ANSWER 22 to 26 mEq per liter
What organ system responds first to acid base imbalances - CORRECT
ANSWER Cellular buffers
Which system provides the fastest physiologic compensation - CORRECT
ANSWER The lungs
Which system provides the slowest but most powerful compensation - CORRECT
ANSWER The kidneys
What acid is most common in the body - CORRECT ANSWER Hydrochloric acid
What is the primary base in the body - CORRECT ANSWER Bicarbonate
What mnemonic is used to interpret ABGs - CORRECT ANSWER ROME
What does ROME stand for in respiratory disorders - CORRECT
ANSWER Respiratory opposite
What does ROME stand for in metabolic disorders - CORRECT ANSWER Metabolic
equal
, Low pH and high PaCO2 indicates which imbalance - CORRECT
ANSWER Respiratory acidosis
High pH and low PaCO2 indicates which imbalance - CORRECT
ANSWER Respiratory alkalosis
Low pH and low bicarbonate indicates which imbalance - CORRECT
ANSWER Metabolic acidosis
High pH and high bicarbonate indicates which imbalance - CORRECT
ANSWER Metabolic alkalosis
What respiratory pattern is associated with metabolic acidosis - CORRECT
ANSWER Kussmaul respirations
What is a common cause of metabolic acidosis - CORRECT ANSWER Diabetic
ketoacidosis
What electrolyte imbalance is common with metabolic acidosis - CORRECT
ANSWER Hyperkalemia
What ABG finding defines respiratory acidosis - CORRECT ANSWER PaCO2 greater
than 45
What are common causes of respiratory acidosis - CORRECT
ANSWER Hypoventilation or airway obstruction
What is a priority nursing action in respiratory acidosis - CORRECT
ANSWER Maintain airway patency
What is a common cause of respiratory alkalosis - CORRECT ANSWER Anxiety or
pain
AND CORRECT ANSWERS
What is the normal arterial blood pH range - CORRECT ANSWER 7.35 to 7.45
What is the normal PaCO2 range - CORRECT ANSWER 35 to 45 mmHg
What is the normal bicarbonate range - CORRECT ANSWER 22 to 26 mEq per liter
What organ system responds first to acid base imbalances - CORRECT
ANSWER Cellular buffers
Which system provides the fastest physiologic compensation - CORRECT
ANSWER The lungs
Which system provides the slowest but most powerful compensation - CORRECT
ANSWER The kidneys
What acid is most common in the body - CORRECT ANSWER Hydrochloric acid
What is the primary base in the body - CORRECT ANSWER Bicarbonate
What mnemonic is used to interpret ABGs - CORRECT ANSWER ROME
What does ROME stand for in respiratory disorders - CORRECT
ANSWER Respiratory opposite
What does ROME stand for in metabolic disorders - CORRECT ANSWER Metabolic
equal
, Low pH and high PaCO2 indicates which imbalance - CORRECT
ANSWER Respiratory acidosis
High pH and low PaCO2 indicates which imbalance - CORRECT
ANSWER Respiratory alkalosis
Low pH and low bicarbonate indicates which imbalance - CORRECT
ANSWER Metabolic acidosis
High pH and high bicarbonate indicates which imbalance - CORRECT
ANSWER Metabolic alkalosis
What respiratory pattern is associated with metabolic acidosis - CORRECT
ANSWER Kussmaul respirations
What is a common cause of metabolic acidosis - CORRECT ANSWER Diabetic
ketoacidosis
What electrolyte imbalance is common with metabolic acidosis - CORRECT
ANSWER Hyperkalemia
What ABG finding defines respiratory acidosis - CORRECT ANSWER PaCO2 greater
than 45
What are common causes of respiratory acidosis - CORRECT
ANSWER Hypoventilation or airway obstruction
What is a priority nursing action in respiratory acidosis - CORRECT
ANSWER Maintain airway patency
What is a common cause of respiratory alkalosis - CORRECT ANSWER Anxiety or
pain
