BUS203: Week3 (Statistical Series/Spatial Series/Cumulative
Series/Graphical Analysis of Statistical Series/Measures of Central
Tendencies)Trend, Seasonality, Cyclic and Irregular Fluctuations,
Spatial Series, Cumulative Series (‘Less Than’ and ‘More Than’
Counts), Graphical Representations (Histograms, Frequency
Polygons, Cumulative Frequency Polygons, Bar Charts, Pie Charts),
Measures of Central Tendency, Sensitive Means (Arithmetic,
Geometric, Harmonic, Quadratic), Non-Sensitive Means (Median,
Mode), Simple and Weighted Arithmetic Means, Weighted
Averages, and Principles of Homogeneity and Representativeness
in Quantitative and Qualitative Data Exam Questions Verified and
Provided with Complete A+ Graded Rationales Latest Updated
2026
Time Series Data
type of data that is collected, recorded, or observed over time in a sequential order
Time Series Components:
• Trend
• Seasonality
• Cyclic
• Irregularity
Trend
general tendency of increase or decrease in the observation values of a time series over a long period of
time
, Seasonality
seasonal trends show periodic rises or falls in a time-dependent variable across years
Cyclic
fluctuations of a non-periodic nature in the observation values of a time-dependent variable. (decline in
production and the rise in unemployment due to a global financial crisis)
Irregular fluctuations
fluctuations in the observation values of a time-dependent variable caused by random events such as
fires, earthquakes, floods, strikes, lockouts, and similar unforeseen factors. (These factors affecting the
observation values may cancel out each other's effects.)
Spatial Series
a series obtained by classifying the values of the variable of interest according to location
Cumulative Series
series that provides information on how many observation values (terms) in a series are smaller or
larger than a certain value
"Less than" series count
values below a point
"more than" series count
values above the point
Series/Graphical Analysis of Statistical Series/Measures of Central
Tendencies)Trend, Seasonality, Cyclic and Irregular Fluctuations,
Spatial Series, Cumulative Series (‘Less Than’ and ‘More Than’
Counts), Graphical Representations (Histograms, Frequency
Polygons, Cumulative Frequency Polygons, Bar Charts, Pie Charts),
Measures of Central Tendency, Sensitive Means (Arithmetic,
Geometric, Harmonic, Quadratic), Non-Sensitive Means (Median,
Mode), Simple and Weighted Arithmetic Means, Weighted
Averages, and Principles of Homogeneity and Representativeness
in Quantitative and Qualitative Data Exam Questions Verified and
Provided with Complete A+ Graded Rationales Latest Updated
2026
Time Series Data
type of data that is collected, recorded, or observed over time in a sequential order
Time Series Components:
• Trend
• Seasonality
• Cyclic
• Irregularity
Trend
general tendency of increase or decrease in the observation values of a time series over a long period of
time
, Seasonality
seasonal trends show periodic rises or falls in a time-dependent variable across years
Cyclic
fluctuations of a non-periodic nature in the observation values of a time-dependent variable. (decline in
production and the rise in unemployment due to a global financial crisis)
Irregular fluctuations
fluctuations in the observation values of a time-dependent variable caused by random events such as
fires, earthquakes, floods, strikes, lockouts, and similar unforeseen factors. (These factors affecting the
observation values may cancel out each other's effects.)
Spatial Series
a series obtained by classifying the values of the variable of interest according to location
Cumulative Series
series that provides information on how many observation values (terms) in a series are smaller or
larger than a certain value
"Less than" series count
values below a point
"more than" series count
values above the point
