NURS 3632 – EXAM 2 QUESTIONS AND
100% VERIFIED ANSWERS WITH
RATIONALES GRADED A+ LATEST
UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS – ARLINGTON
Question 1
A nurse is caring for an adult patient with acute inflammation. Which clinical
finding is most directly associated with the vascular response of inflammation?
A. Decreased capillary permeability
B. Vasoconstriction at the site of injury
C. Localized warmth and redness
D. Reduced leukocyte migration
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Inflammation causes vasodilation and increased blood flow to the
affected area, resulting in warmth and redness. Capillary permeability and
leukocyte migration increase rather than decrease.
Question 2
A patient with a history of asthma is prescribed a beta-blocker. Which effect is the
nurse most concerned about?
A. Increased respiratory rate
B. Bronchoconstriction
C. Elevated blood glucose
D. Decreased heart rate variability
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Non-selective beta-blockers can block beta-2 receptors in the lungs,
leading to bronchoconstriction, which is especially dangerous in patients with
asthma.
,Question 3
The nurse reviews laboratory results for a patient with suspected infection. Which
finding most strongly supports a bacterial infection?
A. Elevated eosinophils
B. Decreased neutrophils
C. Increased lymphocytes
D. Elevated neutrophil count
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Neutrophils are the primary white blood cells involved in fighting
bacterial infections, and their elevation suggests a bacterial process.
Question 4
A patient with chronic kidney disease has a serum potassium level of 6.1 mEq/L.
Which assessment finding requires immediate intervention?
A. Muscle weakness
B. Constipation
C. Cardiac dysrhythmias
D. Increased urine output
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hyperkalemia can cause life-threatening cardiac dysrhythmias, making
this the priority concern.
Question 5
A nurse is teaching a patient about insulin therapy. Which statement by the patient
indicates correct understanding?
A. “I should inject insulin into the same spot every day.”
B. “I need to rotate injection sites within the same anatomical area.”
,C. “Insulin works best when injected into muscle.”
D. “I can skip insulin if I don’t eat.”
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rotating sites within the same anatomical area prevents
lipohypertrophy while maintaining consistent absorption.
Question 6
A patient with heart failure reports sudden weight gain and shortness of breath.
Which mechanism best explains these findings?
A. Decreased preload
B. Fluid retention due to reduced cardiac output
C. Increased renal perfusion
D. Reduced aldosterone secretion
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Reduced cardiac output activates compensatory mechanisms that
promote sodium and water retention, leading to fluid overload.
Question 7
The nurse is monitoring a patient receiving opioid analgesics. Which finding is the
most serious adverse effect?
A. Constipation
B. Nausea
C. Respiratory depression
D. Urinary retention
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Respiratory depression is the most dangerous adverse effect of opioids
and can be life-threatening.
, Question 8
Which assessment finding is expected in a patient with metabolic acidosis?
A. Slow, shallow respirations
B. Kussmaul respirations
C. Increased pH and bicarbonate
D. Decreased hydrogen ion concentration
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Kussmaul respirations are deep and rapid breathing patterns that help
compensate for metabolic acidosis by reducing carbon dioxide.
Question 9
A nurse is caring for a patient with anemia. Which symptom is most directly
related to decreased oxygen delivery?
A. Hypertension
B. Fatigue
C. Polyuria
D. Hyperglycemia
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Reduced hemoglobin levels decrease oxygen delivery to tissues,
leading to fatigue.
Question 10
A patient with pneumonia has a PaO₂ of 58 mm Hg. How should the nurse
interpret this value?
A. Normal oxygenation
B. Mild hypoxemia
C. Severe hyperoxia
D. Respiratory alkalosis
100% VERIFIED ANSWERS WITH
RATIONALES GRADED A+ LATEST
UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS – ARLINGTON
Question 1
A nurse is caring for an adult patient with acute inflammation. Which clinical
finding is most directly associated with the vascular response of inflammation?
A. Decreased capillary permeability
B. Vasoconstriction at the site of injury
C. Localized warmth and redness
D. Reduced leukocyte migration
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Inflammation causes vasodilation and increased blood flow to the
affected area, resulting in warmth and redness. Capillary permeability and
leukocyte migration increase rather than decrease.
Question 2
A patient with a history of asthma is prescribed a beta-blocker. Which effect is the
nurse most concerned about?
A. Increased respiratory rate
B. Bronchoconstriction
C. Elevated blood glucose
D. Decreased heart rate variability
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Non-selective beta-blockers can block beta-2 receptors in the lungs,
leading to bronchoconstriction, which is especially dangerous in patients with
asthma.
,Question 3
The nurse reviews laboratory results for a patient with suspected infection. Which
finding most strongly supports a bacterial infection?
A. Elevated eosinophils
B. Decreased neutrophils
C. Increased lymphocytes
D. Elevated neutrophil count
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Neutrophils are the primary white blood cells involved in fighting
bacterial infections, and their elevation suggests a bacterial process.
Question 4
A patient with chronic kidney disease has a serum potassium level of 6.1 mEq/L.
Which assessment finding requires immediate intervention?
A. Muscle weakness
B. Constipation
C. Cardiac dysrhythmias
D. Increased urine output
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hyperkalemia can cause life-threatening cardiac dysrhythmias, making
this the priority concern.
Question 5
A nurse is teaching a patient about insulin therapy. Which statement by the patient
indicates correct understanding?
A. “I should inject insulin into the same spot every day.”
B. “I need to rotate injection sites within the same anatomical area.”
,C. “Insulin works best when injected into muscle.”
D. “I can skip insulin if I don’t eat.”
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rotating sites within the same anatomical area prevents
lipohypertrophy while maintaining consistent absorption.
Question 6
A patient with heart failure reports sudden weight gain and shortness of breath.
Which mechanism best explains these findings?
A. Decreased preload
B. Fluid retention due to reduced cardiac output
C. Increased renal perfusion
D. Reduced aldosterone secretion
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Reduced cardiac output activates compensatory mechanisms that
promote sodium and water retention, leading to fluid overload.
Question 7
The nurse is monitoring a patient receiving opioid analgesics. Which finding is the
most serious adverse effect?
A. Constipation
B. Nausea
C. Respiratory depression
D. Urinary retention
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Respiratory depression is the most dangerous adverse effect of opioids
and can be life-threatening.
, Question 8
Which assessment finding is expected in a patient with metabolic acidosis?
A. Slow, shallow respirations
B. Kussmaul respirations
C. Increased pH and bicarbonate
D. Decreased hydrogen ion concentration
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Kussmaul respirations are deep and rapid breathing patterns that help
compensate for metabolic acidosis by reducing carbon dioxide.
Question 9
A nurse is caring for a patient with anemia. Which symptom is most directly
related to decreased oxygen delivery?
A. Hypertension
B. Fatigue
C. Polyuria
D. Hyperglycemia
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Reduced hemoglobin levels decrease oxygen delivery to tissues,
leading to fatigue.
Question 10
A patient with pneumonia has a PaO₂ of 58 mm Hg. How should the nurse
interpret this value?
A. Normal oxygenation
B. Mild hypoxemia
C. Severe hyperoxia
D. Respiratory alkalosis
