Comprehensive IV Therapy & Central
Line Management For Nursing Students
With Complete Answers
What are LPNs prohibited from doing with IV therapy? - CORRECT
ANSWER- LPNs cannot initiate blood or chemotherapy, access or flush
central lines unless trained, or administer IV push medications through
central lines unless certified.
What is infiltration in IV therapy? - CORRECT ANSWER- Infiltration
is the leakage of infusing fluid from the vein into the surrounding tissue.
What are the signs and symptoms of infiltration? - CORRECT
ANSWER- Signs include edema, discomfort, cool skin, and blanching.
What should a nurse do if infiltration occurs? - CORRECT ANSWER-
Stop the IV infusion, discontinue the IV, apply ice packs initially, then
warm soaks, and elevate the affected extremity.
What can LPNs do regarding peripheral IV lines? - CORRECT
ANSWER- LPNs may initiate, monitor, and discontinue peripheral IV
lines, administer IV fluids and medications (except for certain high-risk
meds), and perform IV site care.
What is extravasation in IV therapy? - CORRECT ANSWER-
Extravasation is the infiltration of irritating drugs or fluid into surrounding
tissue, which can cause skin sloughing and tissue necrosis.
What are the nursing interventions for extravasation? - CORRECT
ANSWER- Stop the IV infusion, discontinue the IV, aspirate any
remaining drug, perform frequent neurovascular checks, and administer
an antidote if ordered.
,What is phlebitis? - CORRECT ANSWER- Phlebitis is the
inflammation of a vein.
What are the causes of phlebitis? - CORRECT ANSWER- Causes
include mechanical factors, chemical irritation, and bacterial
contamination.
What are the signs and symptoms of phlebitis? - CORRECT
ANSWER- Signs include redness, tenderness, warmth, edema, and a
hard or cord-like vein.
What should a nurse do if phlebitis occurs? - CORRECT ANSWER-
Stop the infusion, reinsert the IV in a different area, apply warm
compresses, and document the incident.
What are the signs of infection at an IV site? - CORRECT ANSWER-
Signs include redness, edema, warmth, tenderness, possible exudate,
elevated WBC count, and fever.
What are the nursing interventions for an IV infection? - CORRECT
ANSWER- Discontinue the IV, obtain a wound culture, notify the
healthcare provider, and restart the IV at a different site.
What is a hematoma in relation to IV therapy? - CORRECT ANSWER-
A hematoma is a localized mass of extravasated blood at the
venipuncture site.
What are the nursing interventions for a hematoma? - CORRECT
ANSWER- Discontinue the IV, apply pressure at the site, use warm
compresses, and elevate the extremity.
What is circulatory overload in IV therapy? - CORRECT ANSWER-
Circulatory overload results from infusing IV fluid too rapidly.
What are the signs and symptoms of circulatory overload? -
CORRECT ANSWER- Signs include headache, JVD, dyspnea, cough,
edema, crackles, cyanosis, and increased blood pressure.
, What should a nurse do if circulatory overload occurs? - CORRECT
ANSWER- Decrease the IV flow rate, position the patient appropriately,
monitor lung sounds and vital signs, and notify the healthcare provider.
What is an air embolus? - CORRECT ANSWER- An air embolus
occurs when air is introduced into the venous system.
What are the signs and symptoms of an air embolus? - CORRECT
ANSWER- Signs include chest pain, shoulder pain, shortness of
breath, cyanosis, and hypotension.
What should a nurse do if an air embolus occurs? - CORRECT
ANSWER- Position the patient on the left side in Trendelenburg, clamp
the IV, cover the catheter exit site, and administer oxygen.
What is a foreign body embolus? - CORRECT ANSWER- A foreign
body embolus occurs when a catheter fragment enters the bloodstream.
What are the signs of a foreign body embolus? - CORRECT
ANSWER- Signs include sharp pain at the IV site and rough, uneven
catheter noted on removal.
What should a nurse do if a foreign body embolus occurs? -
CORRECT ANSWER- Follow the same interventions as for an air
embolus, plus measure the remainder of the catheter and apply a
tourniquet above the elbow.
What is the main difference between arteries and veins? - CORRECT
ANSWER- Arteries do not have valves and pulsate, while veins have
valves and do not pulsate.
What are the characteristics of arteries? - CORRECT ANSWER-
Arteries have thicker walls, narrower lumens, and can constrict and
dilate to control blood flow.
Line Management For Nursing Students
With Complete Answers
What are LPNs prohibited from doing with IV therapy? - CORRECT
ANSWER- LPNs cannot initiate blood or chemotherapy, access or flush
central lines unless trained, or administer IV push medications through
central lines unless certified.
What is infiltration in IV therapy? - CORRECT ANSWER- Infiltration
is the leakage of infusing fluid from the vein into the surrounding tissue.
What are the signs and symptoms of infiltration? - CORRECT
ANSWER- Signs include edema, discomfort, cool skin, and blanching.
What should a nurse do if infiltration occurs? - CORRECT ANSWER-
Stop the IV infusion, discontinue the IV, apply ice packs initially, then
warm soaks, and elevate the affected extremity.
What can LPNs do regarding peripheral IV lines? - CORRECT
ANSWER- LPNs may initiate, monitor, and discontinue peripheral IV
lines, administer IV fluids and medications (except for certain high-risk
meds), and perform IV site care.
What is extravasation in IV therapy? - CORRECT ANSWER-
Extravasation is the infiltration of irritating drugs or fluid into surrounding
tissue, which can cause skin sloughing and tissue necrosis.
What are the nursing interventions for extravasation? - CORRECT
ANSWER- Stop the IV infusion, discontinue the IV, aspirate any
remaining drug, perform frequent neurovascular checks, and administer
an antidote if ordered.
,What is phlebitis? - CORRECT ANSWER- Phlebitis is the
inflammation of a vein.
What are the causes of phlebitis? - CORRECT ANSWER- Causes
include mechanical factors, chemical irritation, and bacterial
contamination.
What are the signs and symptoms of phlebitis? - CORRECT
ANSWER- Signs include redness, tenderness, warmth, edema, and a
hard or cord-like vein.
What should a nurse do if phlebitis occurs? - CORRECT ANSWER-
Stop the infusion, reinsert the IV in a different area, apply warm
compresses, and document the incident.
What are the signs of infection at an IV site? - CORRECT ANSWER-
Signs include redness, edema, warmth, tenderness, possible exudate,
elevated WBC count, and fever.
What are the nursing interventions for an IV infection? - CORRECT
ANSWER- Discontinue the IV, obtain a wound culture, notify the
healthcare provider, and restart the IV at a different site.
What is a hematoma in relation to IV therapy? - CORRECT ANSWER-
A hematoma is a localized mass of extravasated blood at the
venipuncture site.
What are the nursing interventions for a hematoma? - CORRECT
ANSWER- Discontinue the IV, apply pressure at the site, use warm
compresses, and elevate the extremity.
What is circulatory overload in IV therapy? - CORRECT ANSWER-
Circulatory overload results from infusing IV fluid too rapidly.
What are the signs and symptoms of circulatory overload? -
CORRECT ANSWER- Signs include headache, JVD, dyspnea, cough,
edema, crackles, cyanosis, and increased blood pressure.
, What should a nurse do if circulatory overload occurs? - CORRECT
ANSWER- Decrease the IV flow rate, position the patient appropriately,
monitor lung sounds and vital signs, and notify the healthcare provider.
What is an air embolus? - CORRECT ANSWER- An air embolus
occurs when air is introduced into the venous system.
What are the signs and symptoms of an air embolus? - CORRECT
ANSWER- Signs include chest pain, shoulder pain, shortness of
breath, cyanosis, and hypotension.
What should a nurse do if an air embolus occurs? - CORRECT
ANSWER- Position the patient on the left side in Trendelenburg, clamp
the IV, cover the catheter exit site, and administer oxygen.
What is a foreign body embolus? - CORRECT ANSWER- A foreign
body embolus occurs when a catheter fragment enters the bloodstream.
What are the signs of a foreign body embolus? - CORRECT
ANSWER- Signs include sharp pain at the IV site and rough, uneven
catheter noted on removal.
What should a nurse do if a foreign body embolus occurs? -
CORRECT ANSWER- Follow the same interventions as for an air
embolus, plus measure the remainder of the catheter and apply a
tourniquet above the elbow.
What is the main difference between arteries and veins? - CORRECT
ANSWER- Arteries do not have valves and pulsate, while veins have
valves and do not pulsate.
What are the characteristics of arteries? - CORRECT ANSWER-
Arteries have thicker walls, narrower lumens, and can constrict and
dilate to control blood flow.
