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what do the darts and cremaster muscle help regulate? - ANSWERS-helps regulate the
testes temp to allow proper conditions to produce sperm
hormonal regulation of GFR - ANSWERS-RAAS and ANP/BNP
do protons raise or lower pH? - ANSWERS-lower, make it more acidic
does bicarbonate raise or lower the pH? - ANSWERS-raise, make it more basic
in the descending limb fluid flows toward? - ANSWERS-renal pelvis
in the ascending limb fluid flows toward? - ANSWERS-renal cortex
cells of leydig (interstitial cells) - ANSWERS-produce testosterone and androgens
What is spermatogenesis? - ANSWERS-process of sperm production
what are the 3 levels of GFR control? - ANSWERS-1. auto regulation (local level)
2. autonomic regulation (sympathetic ANS)
, 3. hormonal regulation (kidneys)
what can reduced blood flow trigger? - ANSWERS-1. dilation of afferent arteriole
2. dilation of glomerular capillaries
3. constriction of efferent arterioles
what if there is a rise in renal blood pressure? - ANSWERS-1. stretches walls of afferent
arterioles
2. causes juxtaglomerular cells to contract
3. constricts afferent arterioles
4. decreases glomerular blood flow
what is the GFR - ANSWERS-glomerular filtration rate; the amount of filtrate the kidneys
produce each minute
what are the 2 muscles involved with the scrotum? - ANSWERS-dartos muscle &
cremaster muscle
What is the cremasteric reflex? - ANSWERS-stroke inner thigh will cause the scrotum to
move the body
3 ways filtration happens at renal corpuscle - ANSWERS-1. fenestrated endothelium
(picky)
2. lamina densa (pickier)
3. filtration slits (pickiest)
what is Glomerulonephritis - ANSWERS-inflammation of the glomeruli that affects the
filtration mechanism of the kidneys
low osmolarity - ANSWERS-little solute lots of water