TEST BANK TEST BANK FOR HUMAN DEVELOPMENT: A LIFE-SPAN VIEW 8TH EDITION ROBERT V. KAIL JOHN C. CAVANAUGH
ISBN-10: 1337554839
ISBN-13: 9781337554831
Table Of Contents
1. The Study of Human Development.
Human Part I: PRENATAL DEVELOPMENT, INFANCY, AND EARLY CHILDHOOD.
Development 2. Biological Foundations: Heredity, Prenatal Development, and Birth.
A Life-Span View 8e 3. Tools for Exploring the World: Physical, Perceptual, and Motor Development.
4. The Emergence of Thought and Language: Cognitive Development in Infancy and Early Childhood.
5. Entering the Social World: Socioemotional Development in Infancy and Early Childhood.
Part II: SCHOOL-AGE CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS.
6. Off to School: Cognitive and Physical Development in Middle Childhood.
7. Expanding Social Horizons: Socioemotional Development in Middle Childhood.
8. Rites of Passage: Physical and Cognitive Development in Adolescence.
9. Moving Into the Adult Social World: Socioemotional Development in Adolescence.
Part III: YOUNG AND MIDDLE ADULTHOOD.
10. Becoming an Adult: Physical, Cognitive, and Personality Development in Young Adulthood.
11. Being With Others: Forming Relationships in Young and Middle Adulthood.
12. Work, Leisure, and Retirement.
13. Making It in Midlife: The Biopsychosocial Challenges of Middle Adulthood.
Robert V. Kail
John C. Cavanaugh Part IV: LATE ADULTHOOD.
14. The Personal Context of Later Life: Physical, Cognitive, and Mental Health Issues.
15. Social Aspects of Later Life: Psychosocial, Retirement, Relationship, and Societal Issues.
16. The Final Passage: Dying and Bereavement.
,1. The scientific study of human development can best be described as c. continuity
*d. discontinuity
*a. multidisciplinary
b. focused on groups rather than individuals
c. non-theoretical 6. Dr. Fletcher is attempting to determine whether adult criminals were rule-breakers
d. emphasizing stability over change throughout their childhood or whether they suddenly turned to a life of crime. Her research is
most concerned with which issue of human development?
2. Which term does not belong in this group? a. nature versus nurture
b. universal versus context-specific development
a. experiential c. biological versus sociocultural forces
b. nurture *d. continuity versus discontinuity
c. environmental
*d. hereditary
7. Mustafa is interested in determining whether children develop virtually the sa me way in
Algeria as they do in other parts of the world. Mustafa’s research deals primarily with the
3. Dr. Kim takes a strong nature position with regard to the origins of intellectual issue of human development.
disabilities. Therefore, she would most likely hypothesize that her son’s intellectu al
disability (formally known as mental retardation) is due to a. psychological versus biological forces
*b. universal versus context-specific development
a. her parenting style c. nature versus nurture
*b. his genes d. continuity versus discontinuity
c. his exposure to a toxic chemical prior to birth
d. his exposure to Rubella prior to birth
8. When Clarisse says, “It doesn’t matter if they are French, Swedish, or Chinese, kids are
kids,” she is espousing a position concerning human development.
4. The notion that development is best described in terms of a series of abrupt s hifts in
behavior best fits with the approach. a. discontinuous
*b. universal
a. nature c. nurture
b. nurture d. context-specific
c. continuity
*d. discontinuity
9. Viviana notices that children seem to mature socially much faster in Costa Ric a than in
the Canada. Viviana is most likely to support a position regarding human development.
5. Cleo, a director of a daycare, uses terms like “pre-K,” “K-3,” and the “upper-ele mentary.”
These ideas are most compatible with a view. a. nature
b. discontinuous
a. context-specificity *c. context-specific
b. hereditary
, d. continuous
14. The field of gives us information about how the four developmental force s interact
10. Lotte is listening to a lecture in which her professor states, “Genetic and cult ural with each other.
factors are important, but they alone cannot explain the development of hum an beings.”
Lotte’s professor seems to be supporting the a. biology
*b. neuroscience
*a.biopsychosocial framework c. anthropology
b. position that development is continuous d. sociology
c. notion of universality
d. concept of discontinuity
15. Which item does not constitute a “psychological force”?
11. Because Dr. Bryant is interested in researching how people of different ages are a. perception
affected by events, it would be most accurate to say that Dr. Bryant is most interested in b. intelligence
studying forces. c. personality
*d. heredity
a. psychological
b. biological
*c. life-cycle 16. Julianna is interested in studying how family relationships affect development. Julianna
d. sociocultural is probably most interested in studying influences.
a. psychological
12. When asked why her sister Yvonne ended up in jail, Penny says, “She was al ways a *b. sociocultural
mean, aggressive person. She really liked hurting people.” Penny is relyingon forces c. non-normative
to explain Yvonne’s development. d. biological
a. sociocultural
b. normative age-graded 17. Daisy and Rose are identical twins who were separated at birth. Daisy was rai sed in the
c. normative history-graded United States, whereas Rose spent her childhood in Austria. Which forc e would likely
*d. psychological explain most of the differences between their behaviors as teens?
a. psychological
13. Benoit is interested in studying the effects of various biological forces on human b. nature-based
development. Which topic is probably of least interest to him? c. biological
*d. sociocultural
*a. cognition
b. brain maturation
c. menopause
d. exercise
, 18. Your friend David has decided to start studying human development becausehe hates c. sociocultural
studying biology. According to your text, will David find happiness in his new area of d. psychological
interest?
a. Yes, because he can focus on psychological factors and ignore sociocultural 22. Which statement best exemplifies the basic premise of life-cycle forces?
and biological factors.
b. Yes, but only if he enjoys studying sociocultural factors. a. Biological forces play a small role once a person reaches puberty.
*c. No, because studying biological influences is a necessary component in b. Unconscious desires are the basis for most human behavior.
understanding development. *c. Early experiences may influence behavior throughout one’s developme nt.
d. No, because normative age-graded influences are all biological. d. The forces that influence human behavior are too complex to identify through
empirical research.
19. What is a problem encountered by researchers assessing the effects of sociocultural
forces? 23. Jamaal is a second-grade teacher who notices that his students behave diffe rently from
the fourth-graders during recess. He comes up with several connected ideas to explain why
a. the lack of genetic distinction between individuals from different racial b the two groups behave differently. Jamaal ’s ideas would bes t be described as a(n) .
ackgrounds
b. culture appears to have little impact on cognitive development a. experiment
*c. changing ethnic labels (e.g., black American to African American) *b. theory
d. the inability to apply results to the population being studied c. study
d. mesosystem
20. Marcelia has been promoted and is moving her family to a new city in a differ ent part of
the country. Though four-year-old Fernando is very happy and makes th e transition easily, 24. Psychodynamic theories place the least emphasis on the portion of the
12-year-old Jorge is unhappy and has a very difficult time adjus ting to the move. Both biopsychosocial framework.
children generally adapt well to change. Which single set of factors best explains the
different responses of Fernando and Jorge to the move? a. life-cycle
b. psychological
a. biological factors c. sociocultural
b. sociocultural factors *d. biological
c. personality factors
*d. life-cycle factors
25. When asked to explain why teenage gang membership is rising, Dr. Yale responds,
“Generally speaking, these children are driven by conflicts between what th ey wish to do
21. When Alfonso says, “It would have been tough to be a father at age 21, but b eing one and what society wishes them to do.” It is most likely that Dr. Yale would be a proponent of
at age 28 is super,” he is noting the important role that factors play in human theory.
development.
*a. psychodynamic
a. biological
*b. life-cycle
ISBN-10: 1337554839
ISBN-13: 9781337554831
Table Of Contents
1. The Study of Human Development.
Human Part I: PRENATAL DEVELOPMENT, INFANCY, AND EARLY CHILDHOOD.
Development 2. Biological Foundations: Heredity, Prenatal Development, and Birth.
A Life-Span View 8e 3. Tools for Exploring the World: Physical, Perceptual, and Motor Development.
4. The Emergence of Thought and Language: Cognitive Development in Infancy and Early Childhood.
5. Entering the Social World: Socioemotional Development in Infancy and Early Childhood.
Part II: SCHOOL-AGE CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS.
6. Off to School: Cognitive and Physical Development in Middle Childhood.
7. Expanding Social Horizons: Socioemotional Development in Middle Childhood.
8. Rites of Passage: Physical and Cognitive Development in Adolescence.
9. Moving Into the Adult Social World: Socioemotional Development in Adolescence.
Part III: YOUNG AND MIDDLE ADULTHOOD.
10. Becoming an Adult: Physical, Cognitive, and Personality Development in Young Adulthood.
11. Being With Others: Forming Relationships in Young and Middle Adulthood.
12. Work, Leisure, and Retirement.
13. Making It in Midlife: The Biopsychosocial Challenges of Middle Adulthood.
Robert V. Kail
John C. Cavanaugh Part IV: LATE ADULTHOOD.
14. The Personal Context of Later Life: Physical, Cognitive, and Mental Health Issues.
15. Social Aspects of Later Life: Psychosocial, Retirement, Relationship, and Societal Issues.
16. The Final Passage: Dying and Bereavement.
,1. The scientific study of human development can best be described as c. continuity
*d. discontinuity
*a. multidisciplinary
b. focused on groups rather than individuals
c. non-theoretical 6. Dr. Fletcher is attempting to determine whether adult criminals were rule-breakers
d. emphasizing stability over change throughout their childhood or whether they suddenly turned to a life of crime. Her research is
most concerned with which issue of human development?
2. Which term does not belong in this group? a. nature versus nurture
b. universal versus context-specific development
a. experiential c. biological versus sociocultural forces
b. nurture *d. continuity versus discontinuity
c. environmental
*d. hereditary
7. Mustafa is interested in determining whether children develop virtually the sa me way in
Algeria as they do in other parts of the world. Mustafa’s research deals primarily with the
3. Dr. Kim takes a strong nature position with regard to the origins of intellectual issue of human development.
disabilities. Therefore, she would most likely hypothesize that her son’s intellectu al
disability (formally known as mental retardation) is due to a. psychological versus biological forces
*b. universal versus context-specific development
a. her parenting style c. nature versus nurture
*b. his genes d. continuity versus discontinuity
c. his exposure to a toxic chemical prior to birth
d. his exposure to Rubella prior to birth
8. When Clarisse says, “It doesn’t matter if they are French, Swedish, or Chinese, kids are
kids,” she is espousing a position concerning human development.
4. The notion that development is best described in terms of a series of abrupt s hifts in
behavior best fits with the approach. a. discontinuous
*b. universal
a. nature c. nurture
b. nurture d. context-specific
c. continuity
*d. discontinuity
9. Viviana notices that children seem to mature socially much faster in Costa Ric a than in
the Canada. Viviana is most likely to support a position regarding human development.
5. Cleo, a director of a daycare, uses terms like “pre-K,” “K-3,” and the “upper-ele mentary.”
These ideas are most compatible with a view. a. nature
b. discontinuous
a. context-specificity *c. context-specific
b. hereditary
, d. continuous
14. The field of gives us information about how the four developmental force s interact
10. Lotte is listening to a lecture in which her professor states, “Genetic and cult ural with each other.
factors are important, but they alone cannot explain the development of hum an beings.”
Lotte’s professor seems to be supporting the a. biology
*b. neuroscience
*a.biopsychosocial framework c. anthropology
b. position that development is continuous d. sociology
c. notion of universality
d. concept of discontinuity
15. Which item does not constitute a “psychological force”?
11. Because Dr. Bryant is interested in researching how people of different ages are a. perception
affected by events, it would be most accurate to say that Dr. Bryant is most interested in b. intelligence
studying forces. c. personality
*d. heredity
a. psychological
b. biological
*c. life-cycle 16. Julianna is interested in studying how family relationships affect development. Julianna
d. sociocultural is probably most interested in studying influences.
a. psychological
12. When asked why her sister Yvonne ended up in jail, Penny says, “She was al ways a *b. sociocultural
mean, aggressive person. She really liked hurting people.” Penny is relyingon forces c. non-normative
to explain Yvonne’s development. d. biological
a. sociocultural
b. normative age-graded 17. Daisy and Rose are identical twins who were separated at birth. Daisy was rai sed in the
c. normative history-graded United States, whereas Rose spent her childhood in Austria. Which forc e would likely
*d. psychological explain most of the differences between their behaviors as teens?
a. psychological
13. Benoit is interested in studying the effects of various biological forces on human b. nature-based
development. Which topic is probably of least interest to him? c. biological
*d. sociocultural
*a. cognition
b. brain maturation
c. menopause
d. exercise
, 18. Your friend David has decided to start studying human development becausehe hates c. sociocultural
studying biology. According to your text, will David find happiness in his new area of d. psychological
interest?
a. Yes, because he can focus on psychological factors and ignore sociocultural 22. Which statement best exemplifies the basic premise of life-cycle forces?
and biological factors.
b. Yes, but only if he enjoys studying sociocultural factors. a. Biological forces play a small role once a person reaches puberty.
*c. No, because studying biological influences is a necessary component in b. Unconscious desires are the basis for most human behavior.
understanding development. *c. Early experiences may influence behavior throughout one’s developme nt.
d. No, because normative age-graded influences are all biological. d. The forces that influence human behavior are too complex to identify through
empirical research.
19. What is a problem encountered by researchers assessing the effects of sociocultural
forces? 23. Jamaal is a second-grade teacher who notices that his students behave diffe rently from
the fourth-graders during recess. He comes up with several connected ideas to explain why
a. the lack of genetic distinction between individuals from different racial b the two groups behave differently. Jamaal ’s ideas would bes t be described as a(n) .
ackgrounds
b. culture appears to have little impact on cognitive development a. experiment
*c. changing ethnic labels (e.g., black American to African American) *b. theory
d. the inability to apply results to the population being studied c. study
d. mesosystem
20. Marcelia has been promoted and is moving her family to a new city in a differ ent part of
the country. Though four-year-old Fernando is very happy and makes th e transition easily, 24. Psychodynamic theories place the least emphasis on the portion of the
12-year-old Jorge is unhappy and has a very difficult time adjus ting to the move. Both biopsychosocial framework.
children generally adapt well to change. Which single set of factors best explains the
different responses of Fernando and Jorge to the move? a. life-cycle
b. psychological
a. biological factors c. sociocultural
b. sociocultural factors *d. biological
c. personality factors
*d. life-cycle factors
25. When asked to explain why teenage gang membership is rising, Dr. Yale responds,
“Generally speaking, these children are driven by conflicts between what th ey wish to do
21. When Alfonso says, “It would have been tough to be a father at age 21, but b eing one and what society wishes them to do.” It is most likely that Dr. Yale would be a proponent of
at age 28 is super,” he is noting the important role that factors play in human theory.
development.
*a. psychodynamic
a. biological
*b. life-cycle
