RUBIN’S PATHOLOGY: MECHANISMS OF HUMAN DISEASE
8TH EDITION TEST BANK | STRAYER & SAFFITZ |
COMPLETE CHAPTERS | 100% VERIFIED QUESTIONS &
ANSWERS | LATEST UPDATED VERSION | A+ EXAM
SUCCESS GUARANTEED
,TABLE OF CONTENTS
SECTION I MECHANISMS OF DISEASE .................................................................................................................. 3
CHAPTER 1: CELL ADAPTATION, INJURY AND DEATH ....................................................................................... 3
CHAPTER 2: INFLAMMATION .................................................................................................................................. 8
CHAPTER 3: REPAIR, REGENERATION AND FIBROSIS ...................................................................................... 20
CHAPTER 4: IMMUNOPATHOLOGY ...................................................................................................................... 41
CHAPTER 5: NEOPLASIA ......................................................................................................................................... 49
CHAPTER 6: GENETIC AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS ........................................................................... 58
CHAPTER 7: HEMODYNAMIC DISORDERS........................................................................................................... 65
CHAPTER 8: ENVIRONMENTAL AND NUTRITIONAL PATHOLOGY ................................................................. 72
CHAPTER 9: INFECTIOUS AND PARASITIC DISEASES ...................................................................................... 76
SECTION II PATHOGENESIS OF SYSTEMIC CONDITIONS .............................................................................. 81
CHAPTER 10: AGING .............................................................................................................................................. 81
CHAPTER 11: SYSTEMIC AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES........................................................................................... 84
CHAPTER .................................................................................................................................................................. 89
12: SEPSIS.................................................................................................................................................................. 89
CHAPTER 13: OBESITY, DIABETES MELLITUS, AND THEIR HARMFUL SEQUELAE ..................................... 95
CHAPTER 14: THE PATHOLOGY OF PREGNANCY ........................................................................................... 100
CHAPTER 15: SYSTEMIC AMYLOIDOSIS ............................................................................................................ 103
SECTION III DISEASES OF INDIVIDUAL ORGAN SYSTEMS .......................................................................... 107
CHAPTER 16: BLOOD VESSELS ........................................................................................................................... 108
CHAPTER 17: THE HEART.................................................................................................................................... 115
CHAPTER 18: THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM........................................................................................................ 128
CHAPTER 19: THE GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT ............................................................................................... 140
CHAPTER 20: THE LIVER AND BILIARY SYSTEM .............................................................................................. 158
CHAPTER 21: THE PANCREAS............................................................................................................................. 162
CHAPTER 22: THE KIDNEY .................................................................................................................................. 166
CHAPTER 23: THE LOWER URINARY TRACT AND MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM ................................... 178
CHAPTER 24: THE FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM AND PERITONEUM ................................................ 182
CHAPTER 25: THE BREAST .................................................................................................................................. 193
CHAPTER 26: HEMATOPATHOLOGY ................................................................................................................. 202
CHAPTER 27: THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM........................................................................................................... 212
CHAPTER 28: THE SKIN ....................................................................................................................................... 222
CHAPTER 29: THE HEAD AND NECK ................................................................................................................. 228
CHAPTER 30: BONES, JOINTS AND SOFT TISSUE ............................................................................................ 240
CHAPTER 31: SKELETAL MUSCLE AND PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM .................................................. 257
, CHAPTER 32: THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM ............................................................................................. 265
CHAPTER 33: THE EYE ......................................................................................................................................... 276
CHAPTER 34: FORENSIC PATHOLOGY ............................................................................................................... 279
SECTION I MECHANISMS OF DISEASE
CHAPTER 1: CELL ADAPTATION, INJURY AND DEATH
ISCHEMIA AND OTHER TOXIC INJURIES INCREASE THE ACCUMULATION OF
1. INTRACELLULAR CALCIUM AS A RESULT OF:
A) RELEASE OF STORED CALCIUM FROM THE MITOCHONDRIA.
B) IMPROVED INTRACELLULAR VOLUME REGULATION.
C) DECREASED INFLUX ACROSS THE CELL MEMBRANE.
D) ATTRACTION OF CALCIUM TO FATTY INFILTRATES.
THE PATIENT IS FOUND TO HAVE LIVER DISEASE, RESULTING IN THE REMOVAL
2. OF A LOBE OF HIS LIVER. ADAPTATION TO THE REDUCED SIZE OF THE LIVER
LEADS TO OF THE REMAINING
LIVER CELLS.
A) METAPLASIA
B) ORGAN ATROPHY
C) COMPENSATORY HYPERPLASIA
D) PHYSIOLOGIC HYPERTROPHY
A PERSON EATING PEANUTS STARTS CHOKING AND COLLAPSES. HIS AIRWAY
OBSTRUCTION IS PARTIALLY CLEARED, BUT HE REMAINS HYPOXIC UNTIL HE
3. REACHES THE HOSPITAL. THE PROLONGED CELL HYPOXIA CAUSED A
CEREBRAL INFARCTION AND RESULTING IN THE BRAIN.
A) CASPASE ACTIVATION
B) COAGULATION NECROSIS
C) RAPID PHAGOCYTOSIS
D) PROTEIN P53 DEFICIENCY
BACTERIA AND VIRUSES CAUSE CELL DAMAGE BY , WHICH IS UNIQUE FROM
4. THE INTRACELLULAR DAMAGE CAUSED BY OTHER INJURIOUS AGENTS.
A) DISRUPTING THE SODIUM/POTASSIUM ATPASE PUMP
B) INTERRUPTING OXIDATIVE METABOLISM PROCESSES
C) REPLICATING AND PRODUCING CONTINUED INJURY
D) DECREASING PROTEIN SYNTHESIS AND FUNCTION
THE PATIENT HAS A PROLONGED INTERRUPTION IN ARTERIAL BLOOD FLOW TO
5. HIS LEFT KIDNEY, CAUSING HYPOXIC CELL INJURY AND THE RELEASE OF FREE
, RADICALS. FREE RADICALS DAMAGE CELLS BY:
A) DESTROYING PHOSPHOLIPIDS IN THE CELL MEMBRANE.
B) ALTERING THE IMMUNE RESPONSE OF THE CELL.
C) DISRUPTING CALCIUM STORAGE IN THE CELL.
D) INACTIVATION OF ENZYMES AND MITOCHONDRIA.
6. INJURED CELLS HAVE IMPAIRED FLOW OF SUBSTANCES THROUGH THE CELL
MEMBRANE AS A RESULT OF:
A) INCREASED FAT LOAD.
B) ALTERED PERMEABILITY.
C) ALTERED GLUCOSE UTILIZATION.
D) INCREASED SURFACE RECEPTORS.
7. REVERSIBLE ADAPTIVE INTRACELLULAR RESPONSES ARE INITIATED BY:
A) STIMULUS OVERLOAD.
B) GENETIC MUTATIONS.
C) CHEMICAL MESSENGERS.
D) MITOCHONDRIAL DNA.
8. INJURED CELLS BECOME VERY SWOLLEN AS A RESULT OF:
A) INCREASED CELL PROTEIN SYNTHESIS.
B) ALTERED CELL VOLUME REGULATION.
C) PASSIVE ENTRY OF POTASSIUM INTO THE CELL.
D) BLEB FORMATION IN THE PLASMA MEMBRANE.
A DIABETIC PATIENT HAS IMPAIRED SENSATION, CIRCULATION, AND
OXYGENATION OF HIS FEET. HE STEPS ON A PIECE OF GLASS, THE WOUND DOES
9. NOT HEAL, AND THE AREA TISSUE BECOMES NECROTIC. THE NECROTIC CELL
DEATH IS CHARACTERIZED BY:
A) RAPID APOPTOSIS.
B) CELLULAR RUPTURE.
C) SHRINKAGE AND COLLAPSE.
D) CHRONIC INFLAMMATION.
A 99-YEAR-OLD WOMAN HAS EXPERIENCED THE DECLINE OF CELL FUNCTION
10. ASSOCIATED WITH AGE. A GROUP OF THEORIES OF CELLULAR AGING FOCUS ON
PROGRAMMED:
A) CHANGES WITH GENETIC INFLUENCES.
8TH EDITION TEST BANK | STRAYER & SAFFITZ |
COMPLETE CHAPTERS | 100% VERIFIED QUESTIONS &
ANSWERS | LATEST UPDATED VERSION | A+ EXAM
SUCCESS GUARANTEED
,TABLE OF CONTENTS
SECTION I MECHANISMS OF DISEASE .................................................................................................................. 3
CHAPTER 1: CELL ADAPTATION, INJURY AND DEATH ....................................................................................... 3
CHAPTER 2: INFLAMMATION .................................................................................................................................. 8
CHAPTER 3: REPAIR, REGENERATION AND FIBROSIS ...................................................................................... 20
CHAPTER 4: IMMUNOPATHOLOGY ...................................................................................................................... 41
CHAPTER 5: NEOPLASIA ......................................................................................................................................... 49
CHAPTER 6: GENETIC AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS ........................................................................... 58
CHAPTER 7: HEMODYNAMIC DISORDERS........................................................................................................... 65
CHAPTER 8: ENVIRONMENTAL AND NUTRITIONAL PATHOLOGY ................................................................. 72
CHAPTER 9: INFECTIOUS AND PARASITIC DISEASES ...................................................................................... 76
SECTION II PATHOGENESIS OF SYSTEMIC CONDITIONS .............................................................................. 81
CHAPTER 10: AGING .............................................................................................................................................. 81
CHAPTER 11: SYSTEMIC AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES........................................................................................... 84
CHAPTER .................................................................................................................................................................. 89
12: SEPSIS.................................................................................................................................................................. 89
CHAPTER 13: OBESITY, DIABETES MELLITUS, AND THEIR HARMFUL SEQUELAE ..................................... 95
CHAPTER 14: THE PATHOLOGY OF PREGNANCY ........................................................................................... 100
CHAPTER 15: SYSTEMIC AMYLOIDOSIS ............................................................................................................ 103
SECTION III DISEASES OF INDIVIDUAL ORGAN SYSTEMS .......................................................................... 107
CHAPTER 16: BLOOD VESSELS ........................................................................................................................... 108
CHAPTER 17: THE HEART.................................................................................................................................... 115
CHAPTER 18: THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM........................................................................................................ 128
CHAPTER 19: THE GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT ............................................................................................... 140
CHAPTER 20: THE LIVER AND BILIARY SYSTEM .............................................................................................. 158
CHAPTER 21: THE PANCREAS............................................................................................................................. 162
CHAPTER 22: THE KIDNEY .................................................................................................................................. 166
CHAPTER 23: THE LOWER URINARY TRACT AND MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM ................................... 178
CHAPTER 24: THE FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM AND PERITONEUM ................................................ 182
CHAPTER 25: THE BREAST .................................................................................................................................. 193
CHAPTER 26: HEMATOPATHOLOGY ................................................................................................................. 202
CHAPTER 27: THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM........................................................................................................... 212
CHAPTER 28: THE SKIN ....................................................................................................................................... 222
CHAPTER 29: THE HEAD AND NECK ................................................................................................................. 228
CHAPTER 30: BONES, JOINTS AND SOFT TISSUE ............................................................................................ 240
CHAPTER 31: SKELETAL MUSCLE AND PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM .................................................. 257
, CHAPTER 32: THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM ............................................................................................. 265
CHAPTER 33: THE EYE ......................................................................................................................................... 276
CHAPTER 34: FORENSIC PATHOLOGY ............................................................................................................... 279
SECTION I MECHANISMS OF DISEASE
CHAPTER 1: CELL ADAPTATION, INJURY AND DEATH
ISCHEMIA AND OTHER TOXIC INJURIES INCREASE THE ACCUMULATION OF
1. INTRACELLULAR CALCIUM AS A RESULT OF:
A) RELEASE OF STORED CALCIUM FROM THE MITOCHONDRIA.
B) IMPROVED INTRACELLULAR VOLUME REGULATION.
C) DECREASED INFLUX ACROSS THE CELL MEMBRANE.
D) ATTRACTION OF CALCIUM TO FATTY INFILTRATES.
THE PATIENT IS FOUND TO HAVE LIVER DISEASE, RESULTING IN THE REMOVAL
2. OF A LOBE OF HIS LIVER. ADAPTATION TO THE REDUCED SIZE OF THE LIVER
LEADS TO OF THE REMAINING
LIVER CELLS.
A) METAPLASIA
B) ORGAN ATROPHY
C) COMPENSATORY HYPERPLASIA
D) PHYSIOLOGIC HYPERTROPHY
A PERSON EATING PEANUTS STARTS CHOKING AND COLLAPSES. HIS AIRWAY
OBSTRUCTION IS PARTIALLY CLEARED, BUT HE REMAINS HYPOXIC UNTIL HE
3. REACHES THE HOSPITAL. THE PROLONGED CELL HYPOXIA CAUSED A
CEREBRAL INFARCTION AND RESULTING IN THE BRAIN.
A) CASPASE ACTIVATION
B) COAGULATION NECROSIS
C) RAPID PHAGOCYTOSIS
D) PROTEIN P53 DEFICIENCY
BACTERIA AND VIRUSES CAUSE CELL DAMAGE BY , WHICH IS UNIQUE FROM
4. THE INTRACELLULAR DAMAGE CAUSED BY OTHER INJURIOUS AGENTS.
A) DISRUPTING THE SODIUM/POTASSIUM ATPASE PUMP
B) INTERRUPTING OXIDATIVE METABOLISM PROCESSES
C) REPLICATING AND PRODUCING CONTINUED INJURY
D) DECREASING PROTEIN SYNTHESIS AND FUNCTION
THE PATIENT HAS A PROLONGED INTERRUPTION IN ARTERIAL BLOOD FLOW TO
5. HIS LEFT KIDNEY, CAUSING HYPOXIC CELL INJURY AND THE RELEASE OF FREE
, RADICALS. FREE RADICALS DAMAGE CELLS BY:
A) DESTROYING PHOSPHOLIPIDS IN THE CELL MEMBRANE.
B) ALTERING THE IMMUNE RESPONSE OF THE CELL.
C) DISRUPTING CALCIUM STORAGE IN THE CELL.
D) INACTIVATION OF ENZYMES AND MITOCHONDRIA.
6. INJURED CELLS HAVE IMPAIRED FLOW OF SUBSTANCES THROUGH THE CELL
MEMBRANE AS A RESULT OF:
A) INCREASED FAT LOAD.
B) ALTERED PERMEABILITY.
C) ALTERED GLUCOSE UTILIZATION.
D) INCREASED SURFACE RECEPTORS.
7. REVERSIBLE ADAPTIVE INTRACELLULAR RESPONSES ARE INITIATED BY:
A) STIMULUS OVERLOAD.
B) GENETIC MUTATIONS.
C) CHEMICAL MESSENGERS.
D) MITOCHONDRIAL DNA.
8. INJURED CELLS BECOME VERY SWOLLEN AS A RESULT OF:
A) INCREASED CELL PROTEIN SYNTHESIS.
B) ALTERED CELL VOLUME REGULATION.
C) PASSIVE ENTRY OF POTASSIUM INTO THE CELL.
D) BLEB FORMATION IN THE PLASMA MEMBRANE.
A DIABETIC PATIENT HAS IMPAIRED SENSATION, CIRCULATION, AND
OXYGENATION OF HIS FEET. HE STEPS ON A PIECE OF GLASS, THE WOUND DOES
9. NOT HEAL, AND THE AREA TISSUE BECOMES NECROTIC. THE NECROTIC CELL
DEATH IS CHARACTERIZED BY:
A) RAPID APOPTOSIS.
B) CELLULAR RUPTURE.
C) SHRINKAGE AND COLLAPSE.
D) CHRONIC INFLAMMATION.
A 99-YEAR-OLD WOMAN HAS EXPERIENCED THE DECLINE OF CELL FUNCTION
10. ASSOCIATED WITH AGE. A GROUP OF THEORIES OF CELLULAR AGING FOCUS ON
PROGRAMMED:
A) CHANGES WITH GENETIC INFLUENCES.
