NURS 300 Exam 4 UPDATED Questions
and CORRECT Answers
type 1 diabetes mellitus - CORRECT ANSWER lack of insulin production of defective
insulin
- body does not make insulin
type 2 diabetes mellitus - CORRECT ANSWER caused by insulin deficiency and insulin
resistance
- more complex, insulin resistance (body not using insulin how it should be
treatment type 1 - CORRECT ANSWER insulin therapy
treatment type 2 - CORRECT ANSWER lifestyle modifications
oral drug therapy
insulin may be needed
numbers at a glance diabetes - CORRECT ANSWER A1C less than 7%
blood glucose before meals 70-130
blood glucose 2 hours after meals less than 180
blood glucose bedtime 110-150
insulin - CORRECT ANSWER functions as a substitute for the endogenous hormone
- restores ability to metabolize carbs, fats, and proteins, store glucose in the liver, convert
glycogen to fat stores
rapid acting insulin - CORRECT ANSWER insulin lispro and Novolog
- can be given SQ not IV
- pt must eat a meal after injection
,- more rapid onset of action (5-15 minutes)
- peak: 30-90 minutes
- duration 3-5 hours
short acting insulins - CORRECT ANSWER regular insulin (humulin R)
- IV bolus, IV infusion, IM, and SQ
- onset 30-60 min
- peak 2-3 hours
- duration 5-8 hours
immediate acting insulins - CORRECT ANSWER insulin isophane suspension (NPH)
- CLOUDY
- combined with regular often
- onset 2-4 hours
- peak 4-10 hours
- duration 10-16
when drawing from 2 insulins draw - CORRECT ANSWER clear to cloudy
long acting insulin (g) - CORRECT ANSWER insulin glargine
- constant level of insulin in the body
- usually dosed once daily
- can be dosed every 12
- referred to as basal insulin
- onset 2-4 hours
- peak: none
- duration: 24 hours
, long acting insulin (d) - CORRECT ANSWER insulin detemir
- dose dependent
- lower doses require twice daily
- onset 3-8
- peak - none
- duration 6-24
- approved for prenancy
The nurse has just administered the morning dose of a patient's lispro (Humalog) insulin. Just
after the injection, the dietary department calls to inform the patient care unit that breakfast trays
will be 45 minutes late. What will the nurse do next? - CORRECT ANSWER A.Give the
patient food, such as cereal and skim milk, and juice.
Rationale: Lispro insulin's onset of action is 15 minutes. It is essential that a patient with DM eat
a meal after injection. Otherwise, profound hypoglycemia may result.
A woman who has type 2 DM is now pregnant. She wants to know whether to take her oral
antidiabetic medication. What instructions will she receive? - CORRECT ANSWER A.She
will be switched to insulin therapy while she is pregnant.
Rationale: Oral antidiabetic medications are generally not recommended for pregnant patients
because of a lack of firm safety data. Insulin therapy is the currently recommended drug therapy
for pregnant women.
basal-bolus insulin dosing - CORRECT ANSWER preferred method of treatment for
hospitalized pts with DM
- basal insulin is long acting
- bolus insulin - meal bolus covers food, hold bolus if NPO
drug classes for diabetes - CORRECT ANSWER biguanides
thiazolidinediones
alpha-glucosidase inhibitors
sulfonylureas
and CORRECT Answers
type 1 diabetes mellitus - CORRECT ANSWER lack of insulin production of defective
insulin
- body does not make insulin
type 2 diabetes mellitus - CORRECT ANSWER caused by insulin deficiency and insulin
resistance
- more complex, insulin resistance (body not using insulin how it should be
treatment type 1 - CORRECT ANSWER insulin therapy
treatment type 2 - CORRECT ANSWER lifestyle modifications
oral drug therapy
insulin may be needed
numbers at a glance diabetes - CORRECT ANSWER A1C less than 7%
blood glucose before meals 70-130
blood glucose 2 hours after meals less than 180
blood glucose bedtime 110-150
insulin - CORRECT ANSWER functions as a substitute for the endogenous hormone
- restores ability to metabolize carbs, fats, and proteins, store glucose in the liver, convert
glycogen to fat stores
rapid acting insulin - CORRECT ANSWER insulin lispro and Novolog
- can be given SQ not IV
- pt must eat a meal after injection
,- more rapid onset of action (5-15 minutes)
- peak: 30-90 minutes
- duration 3-5 hours
short acting insulins - CORRECT ANSWER regular insulin (humulin R)
- IV bolus, IV infusion, IM, and SQ
- onset 30-60 min
- peak 2-3 hours
- duration 5-8 hours
immediate acting insulins - CORRECT ANSWER insulin isophane suspension (NPH)
- CLOUDY
- combined with regular often
- onset 2-4 hours
- peak 4-10 hours
- duration 10-16
when drawing from 2 insulins draw - CORRECT ANSWER clear to cloudy
long acting insulin (g) - CORRECT ANSWER insulin glargine
- constant level of insulin in the body
- usually dosed once daily
- can be dosed every 12
- referred to as basal insulin
- onset 2-4 hours
- peak: none
- duration: 24 hours
, long acting insulin (d) - CORRECT ANSWER insulin detemir
- dose dependent
- lower doses require twice daily
- onset 3-8
- peak - none
- duration 6-24
- approved for prenancy
The nurse has just administered the morning dose of a patient's lispro (Humalog) insulin. Just
after the injection, the dietary department calls to inform the patient care unit that breakfast trays
will be 45 minutes late. What will the nurse do next? - CORRECT ANSWER A.Give the
patient food, such as cereal and skim milk, and juice.
Rationale: Lispro insulin's onset of action is 15 minutes. It is essential that a patient with DM eat
a meal after injection. Otherwise, profound hypoglycemia may result.
A woman who has type 2 DM is now pregnant. She wants to know whether to take her oral
antidiabetic medication. What instructions will she receive? - CORRECT ANSWER A.She
will be switched to insulin therapy while she is pregnant.
Rationale: Oral antidiabetic medications are generally not recommended for pregnant patients
because of a lack of firm safety data. Insulin therapy is the currently recommended drug therapy
for pregnant women.
basal-bolus insulin dosing - CORRECT ANSWER preferred method of treatment for
hospitalized pts with DM
- basal insulin is long acting
- bolus insulin - meal bolus covers food, hold bolus if NPO
drug classes for diabetes - CORRECT ANSWER biguanides
thiazolidinediones
alpha-glucosidase inhibitors
sulfonylureas
