N440 – Exam 1 – Inflammation & Immunity Study Guide –
[ODU] – Academic Year [2025/2026] – Pathophysiology and
Immune Response Review
The nurse assesses the patient and notes all of the following. Select all of the findings that
indicate the systemic manifestations of inflammation.
1.Oral temperature of 38.6° C/101.5° F
2.Thick, green nasal discharge
3.Patient complaint of pain at 6 on a 0 to 10 scale on palpation of frontal and maxillary sinuses
4.WBC 20,000
5.Patient reports, "I'm tired all the time. I haven't felt like myself in days." - ANS✔✔ 1, 4, 5
For which clients does the nurse assess for inflammation? (Select all that apply.)
1. Client who reports pain
2. Client diagnosed with an ear infection
3. Client who has sunburn
4. Client taking vitamin C 500 mg daily
5. Client with nausea
6. Client reporting reflux
7. Client with frostbite - ANS✔✔ 1, 2, 3, 6, 7
A patient is diagnosed with a sprain to her right ankle after a fall. The patient asks the nurse
about using ice on her injured ankle. The nurse should tell the patient that
1.she should use ice only when the ankle hurts.
,2.ice should be applied for 15 to 20 minutes every 2 to 3 hours over the next 1 to 2 days.
3.she should wrap an ice pack around the injured ankle for the next 24 to 48 hours.
4.ice is not recommended for use on the sprain because it would inhibit the inflammatory
response. - ANS✔✔ 2
On admission to the clinic, the nurse notes a moderate amount of serous exudate leaking from
the patients wound. The nurse realizes that this fluid
1.contains the materials used by the body in the initial inflammatory response.
2.indicates that the patient has an infection at the site of the wound.
3.is destroying healthy tissue.
4.results from ineffective cleansing of the wound area. - ANS✔✔ 1
▪A physician orders a complete blood count (CBC) with a differential for a patient who is
suffering from allergic rhinitis due to pollen and environmental allergies. Which of the following
results on the CBC would the nurse expect to see?
1. Increased Lymphocytes
2. Decreased RBC's
3. Increased Eosinophils
4. Decreased MCV's - ANS✔✔ 3
Which is not a major goal of the inflammatory response?
1. Increase blow flow to the site of injury
2. Form an antibody-antigen response
3. Dilute harmful substances at the site of injury
4. Remove injured tissue - ANS✔✔ 2
What is the role of exudate?
, 1.Carries proteins and leukocytes
2.Promotes clotting
3.Replaces epithelial cells
4.Indicates edema in the underlying tissue - ANS✔✔ 1
You are visiting the clinic for a possible infection. You are told that you have a high neutrophil
count. This implies:
1.You have a streptococcal infection
2.You have an acute infection
3.You have a chronic infection
4.You do not have an infection - ANS✔✔ 2
You notice that after you sprained your ankle that the ankle became swollen, red, and hot. Why
did the ankle get hot?
1.Exudate accumulated at the site
2.Increased blood to at the site
3.The ankle became infected
4.A thermal injury occurred - ANS✔✔ 2
A wound is 6cm x 6cm x 4cm. A wound with these dimensions will need to heal through:
1. Secondary intention
2. Primary intention
3. Tertiary intention
4. Scar tissue formation - ANS✔✔ 1
Which is not a local manifestation of acute inflammation?
1. Edema
[ODU] – Academic Year [2025/2026] – Pathophysiology and
Immune Response Review
The nurse assesses the patient and notes all of the following. Select all of the findings that
indicate the systemic manifestations of inflammation.
1.Oral temperature of 38.6° C/101.5° F
2.Thick, green nasal discharge
3.Patient complaint of pain at 6 on a 0 to 10 scale on palpation of frontal and maxillary sinuses
4.WBC 20,000
5.Patient reports, "I'm tired all the time. I haven't felt like myself in days." - ANS✔✔ 1, 4, 5
For which clients does the nurse assess for inflammation? (Select all that apply.)
1. Client who reports pain
2. Client diagnosed with an ear infection
3. Client who has sunburn
4. Client taking vitamin C 500 mg daily
5. Client with nausea
6. Client reporting reflux
7. Client with frostbite - ANS✔✔ 1, 2, 3, 6, 7
A patient is diagnosed with a sprain to her right ankle after a fall. The patient asks the nurse
about using ice on her injured ankle. The nurse should tell the patient that
1.she should use ice only when the ankle hurts.
,2.ice should be applied for 15 to 20 minutes every 2 to 3 hours over the next 1 to 2 days.
3.she should wrap an ice pack around the injured ankle for the next 24 to 48 hours.
4.ice is not recommended for use on the sprain because it would inhibit the inflammatory
response. - ANS✔✔ 2
On admission to the clinic, the nurse notes a moderate amount of serous exudate leaking from
the patients wound. The nurse realizes that this fluid
1.contains the materials used by the body in the initial inflammatory response.
2.indicates that the patient has an infection at the site of the wound.
3.is destroying healthy tissue.
4.results from ineffective cleansing of the wound area. - ANS✔✔ 1
▪A physician orders a complete blood count (CBC) with a differential for a patient who is
suffering from allergic rhinitis due to pollen and environmental allergies. Which of the following
results on the CBC would the nurse expect to see?
1. Increased Lymphocytes
2. Decreased RBC's
3. Increased Eosinophils
4. Decreased MCV's - ANS✔✔ 3
Which is not a major goal of the inflammatory response?
1. Increase blow flow to the site of injury
2. Form an antibody-antigen response
3. Dilute harmful substances at the site of injury
4. Remove injured tissue - ANS✔✔ 2
What is the role of exudate?
, 1.Carries proteins and leukocytes
2.Promotes clotting
3.Replaces epithelial cells
4.Indicates edema in the underlying tissue - ANS✔✔ 1
You are visiting the clinic for a possible infection. You are told that you have a high neutrophil
count. This implies:
1.You have a streptococcal infection
2.You have an acute infection
3.You have a chronic infection
4.You do not have an infection - ANS✔✔ 2
You notice that after you sprained your ankle that the ankle became swollen, red, and hot. Why
did the ankle get hot?
1.Exudate accumulated at the site
2.Increased blood to at the site
3.The ankle became infected
4.A thermal injury occurred - ANS✔✔ 2
A wound is 6cm x 6cm x 4cm. A wound with these dimensions will need to heal through:
1. Secondary intention
2. Primary intention
3. Tertiary intention
4. Scar tissue formation - ANS✔✔ 1
Which is not a local manifestation of acute inflammation?
1. Edema
