&
PHOTOSYNTHESIS -
cont
·
ELECTRON TRANSFER
-
Chlorophyll A pigments reaction center in absorb enough light energy and
release an electron
electron transportMain : elections leave reaction center and passed along other
-
is
molecules in the thylaksid membrane
these reactions release energy at each step
-
z
-
Tenergy gained
transfer is
from electron
used to pump
Pistons (HJ across
thylaked
membrane t the tyl
this establishes concentration gradient (form potential
of
energy)
-
a
Entrans
:
-
more protons on inside than outside of thylakeid membrane replaced by
Splitting of He8
USING THE ENERGY
·
-
thylaksid membrane contains the
enzyme ATP Synthase/makes ATP)
energy provided by pootons crossing the membrane
-
their kinetic chemical boad
energy is converted into energy
-
-
after ETC, electors kind to NADP (final electron acceptors
+
- A proton + electron- NADPA =
NADPH /high energy molecula
-
NADPH can later release the electron to provide energy for the Calvin Cycle
·
NADP"I NADPH
- NADP +: sidised , less electrons -
NADPH : reduced ,
more elections
-
NADP* Ricks up elections from ETC ,
becomes reduced to NADPH
going (endergonic reactions)
-
will later donate to keep calvin cycle
(make Sugars)
, ↑
P
. S : CALVIN CYCLE
·
PURPOSE energy
↓
electrons
↓
the Stoma
in uses ATP and NADP from
light reactions to make glucose
-
,
from
182
-
Carbon fixation : takes CO2 from the air and incorporates it into
organic compounds
-
reactants : COL ATP NADPH ,
,
-
products :
Sugars ADP NADP , ,
+
·
DISCOVERY
-
Calvin + Benson exposed algue to CO2 (radioactive carbon) and light exposure
-
ran tests to see where the G had been incorporated at different lengths of time
for light exposure
-tracing Carbon :
algae extract were subjected to
paper chromatography
the based
paper separates molecules size and
polarity
-
on
paper was exposed to X-ray film left dark monk molecules that
-
a on
,
were exposed to 2 (they thought 3PG was first)
·
PROCESS
-
282 actually first birds to RuBP (5 -c molecule) . which immediately split into 2 3PGS
C P C
-
-
P
>
- I C -
I
C 4
.
4 -
I &
C82 t I
* 4 4
C
*
-
C
.
I
C
I
C %
. C .
I
I
C P V
C
-
-
P S
Ribulose 3PG
Rubiscs
biphosphate
-
ATP + NADPH needed to convert 3Ph into GBP
-
Still 3 Carbons , different molecule
-
GBP can be converted to glucose
↳
* 6 CO2 12GBP used A
only
:
,
12 are
make 1 glucose
* RuBP leftover GBPs
is
regenerated from
-
requires :
z
ATP 2
532
PHOTOSYNTHESIS -
cont
·
ELECTRON TRANSFER
-
Chlorophyll A pigments reaction center in absorb enough light energy and
release an electron
electron transportMain : elections leave reaction center and passed along other
-
is
molecules in the thylaksid membrane
these reactions release energy at each step
-
z
-
Tenergy gained
transfer is
from electron
used to pump
Pistons (HJ across
thylaked
membrane t the tyl
this establishes concentration gradient (form potential
of
energy)
-
a
Entrans
:
-
more protons on inside than outside of thylakeid membrane replaced by
Splitting of He8
USING THE ENERGY
·
-
thylaksid membrane contains the
enzyme ATP Synthase/makes ATP)
energy provided by pootons crossing the membrane
-
their kinetic chemical boad
energy is converted into energy
-
-
after ETC, electors kind to NADP (final electron acceptors
+
- A proton + electron- NADPA =
NADPH /high energy molecula
-
NADPH can later release the electron to provide energy for the Calvin Cycle
·
NADP"I NADPH
- NADP +: sidised , less electrons -
NADPH : reduced ,
more elections
-
NADP* Ricks up elections from ETC ,
becomes reduced to NADPH
going (endergonic reactions)
-
will later donate to keep calvin cycle
(make Sugars)
, ↑
P
. S : CALVIN CYCLE
·
PURPOSE energy
↓
electrons
↓
the Stoma
in uses ATP and NADP from
light reactions to make glucose
-
,
from
182
-
Carbon fixation : takes CO2 from the air and incorporates it into
organic compounds
-
reactants : COL ATP NADPH ,
,
-
products :
Sugars ADP NADP , ,
+
·
DISCOVERY
-
Calvin + Benson exposed algue to CO2 (radioactive carbon) and light exposure
-
ran tests to see where the G had been incorporated at different lengths of time
for light exposure
-tracing Carbon :
algae extract were subjected to
paper chromatography
the based
paper separates molecules size and
polarity
-
on
paper was exposed to X-ray film left dark monk molecules that
-
a on
,
were exposed to 2 (they thought 3PG was first)
·
PROCESS
-
282 actually first birds to RuBP (5 -c molecule) . which immediately split into 2 3PGS
C P C
-
-
P
>
- I C -
I
C 4
.
4 -
I &
C82 t I
* 4 4
C
*
-
C
.
I
C
I
C %
. C .
I
I
C P V
C
-
-
P S
Ribulose 3PG
Rubiscs
biphosphate
-
ATP + NADPH needed to convert 3Ph into GBP
-
Still 3 Carbons , different molecule
-
GBP can be converted to glucose
↳
* 6 CO2 12GBP used A
only
:
,
12 are
make 1 glucose
* RuBP leftover GBPs
is
regenerated from
-
requires :
z
ATP 2
532
