PNH301 TEST 2 - STROKE, OSTEOPOROSIS, AND NEUROLOGICAL INTERVENTIONS | 2026
UPDATE | QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | WITH COMPLETE SOLUTION
What is high blood pressure? - (ANSWER)140/90 mmHg
Primary HTN - (ANSWER)elevated BP in the absence of underlying disease
Secondary HTN - (ANSWER)high BP due to underlying pathophysiology (disease/disorder)
Diseases/Disorders that Contribute to HTN - (ANSWER)- kidney disease
- endocrine disorders
- pregnancy
- medications (steroids, contraceptives)
- neurological disorders
- congenital aortic disorders (coarctation or narrowing)
Diagnosing Hypertension (identifying if there's an underlying cause) - (ANSWER)- urinalysis
- blood chemistry (K+, Na, blood urea, and creatinine)
- fasting blood glucose
- fasting total cholesterol
- 12 lead EKG
Complications of HTN - (ANSWER)- coronary artery disease
- left ventricular hypertrophy
- heart failure
- cerebrovascular disease
- peripheral arterial disease
- nephrosclerosis
- retinal damage
- arterial vessels of lower extremities
,PNH301 TEST 2 - STROKE, OSTEOPOROSIS, AND NEUROLOGICAL INTERVENTIONS | 2026
UPDATE | QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | WITH COMPLETE SOLUTION
Prevalence of HTN in specific groups - (ANSWER)- prevalence increases with age
- women with high BP have a greater risk for cardiovascular disease
- Indigenous people have a higher incidence of cardiovascular disease than non-indigenous people in
Canada
- more prevalent in older women than in older men
Secondary Symptom's of HTN - (ANSWER)- fatigue
- decreased activity tolerance
- palpitations
- angina
- dyspnea
Lifestyle Modifications (HTN) - (ANSWER)- nutrition
- weight reduction
- modification in alcohol consumption
- physical activity
- avoidance of tobacco products
- stress management
Goals of HTN Management - (ANSWER)- achieve and maintain target BP
- understand and implement therapeutic plan
- menial or no unpleasant adverse effects
- confidence of ability to manage and cope with condition
Age- Related Considerations (HTN) - (ANSWER)- loss of tissue elasticity
- increased collagen content and stiffness of the myocardium
, PNH301 TEST 2 - STROKE, OSTEOPOROSIS, AND NEUROLOGICAL INTERVENTIONS | 2026
UPDATE | QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | WITH COMPLETE SOLUTION
- increased peripheral vascular resistance
- decreased B-adrenergic receptor sensitivity
- blunting of baroreceptor reflexes
- decreased kidney function
- decreased renin response to sodium and water depletion
What is a hypertensive crisis? - (ANSWER)- severe abrupt increases in DBP (defined as >120-130 mmHg)
- rate of increase in BP is more important than the absolute value
- often occurs in patients with a hisotry of HTN who have failed to adhere to their medication regimen or
who have been under medicated
(180/120)
Hypertensive Crisis: Clinical Manifestations - (ANSWER)- encephaopathy, cerebral hemorrhage
- acute renal failure
- MI
- acute left ventricular failure with pulmonary edema
- dissecting aortic aneurysm
Management of Hypertensive Crisis - (ANSWER)- IV
- Monitor cardiac/renal function
- ongoing regular assessment
- neurological checks
- determine cause
- education
The nurse providing dietary instructions to a patient with hypertension would advise cutting down on
the intake of which foods? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct.
UPDATE | QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | WITH COMPLETE SOLUTION
What is high blood pressure? - (ANSWER)140/90 mmHg
Primary HTN - (ANSWER)elevated BP in the absence of underlying disease
Secondary HTN - (ANSWER)high BP due to underlying pathophysiology (disease/disorder)
Diseases/Disorders that Contribute to HTN - (ANSWER)- kidney disease
- endocrine disorders
- pregnancy
- medications (steroids, contraceptives)
- neurological disorders
- congenital aortic disorders (coarctation or narrowing)
Diagnosing Hypertension (identifying if there's an underlying cause) - (ANSWER)- urinalysis
- blood chemistry (K+, Na, blood urea, and creatinine)
- fasting blood glucose
- fasting total cholesterol
- 12 lead EKG
Complications of HTN - (ANSWER)- coronary artery disease
- left ventricular hypertrophy
- heart failure
- cerebrovascular disease
- peripheral arterial disease
- nephrosclerosis
- retinal damage
- arterial vessels of lower extremities
,PNH301 TEST 2 - STROKE, OSTEOPOROSIS, AND NEUROLOGICAL INTERVENTIONS | 2026
UPDATE | QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | WITH COMPLETE SOLUTION
Prevalence of HTN in specific groups - (ANSWER)- prevalence increases with age
- women with high BP have a greater risk for cardiovascular disease
- Indigenous people have a higher incidence of cardiovascular disease than non-indigenous people in
Canada
- more prevalent in older women than in older men
Secondary Symptom's of HTN - (ANSWER)- fatigue
- decreased activity tolerance
- palpitations
- angina
- dyspnea
Lifestyle Modifications (HTN) - (ANSWER)- nutrition
- weight reduction
- modification in alcohol consumption
- physical activity
- avoidance of tobacco products
- stress management
Goals of HTN Management - (ANSWER)- achieve and maintain target BP
- understand and implement therapeutic plan
- menial or no unpleasant adverse effects
- confidence of ability to manage and cope with condition
Age- Related Considerations (HTN) - (ANSWER)- loss of tissue elasticity
- increased collagen content and stiffness of the myocardium
, PNH301 TEST 2 - STROKE, OSTEOPOROSIS, AND NEUROLOGICAL INTERVENTIONS | 2026
UPDATE | QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | WITH COMPLETE SOLUTION
- increased peripheral vascular resistance
- decreased B-adrenergic receptor sensitivity
- blunting of baroreceptor reflexes
- decreased kidney function
- decreased renin response to sodium and water depletion
What is a hypertensive crisis? - (ANSWER)- severe abrupt increases in DBP (defined as >120-130 mmHg)
- rate of increase in BP is more important than the absolute value
- often occurs in patients with a hisotry of HTN who have failed to adhere to their medication regimen or
who have been under medicated
(180/120)
Hypertensive Crisis: Clinical Manifestations - (ANSWER)- encephaopathy, cerebral hemorrhage
- acute renal failure
- MI
- acute left ventricular failure with pulmonary edema
- dissecting aortic aneurysm
Management of Hypertensive Crisis - (ANSWER)- IV
- Monitor cardiac/renal function
- ongoing regular assessment
- neurological checks
- determine cause
- education
The nurse providing dietary instructions to a patient with hypertension would advise cutting down on
the intake of which foods? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct.
