1
N305 Exam 2 Comprehensive Study
Guide
(Pearson Pharmacology for Nurses - Chapters 7-11)
,2
Pearson Chapter 7 - Medication Errors and Risk Reduction 4
7.1 Defining Medication Errors 4
Figure 7.1 - Medication Error Index 4
7.2 Factors Contributing to Medication Errors 5
7.3 The Impact of Medication Errors 5
7.4 Reporting and Documenting Medication Errors 6
7.5 Strategies for Reducing Medication Errors 7
7.6 Medication Reconciliation 8
7.7 Effective Patient Teaching for Medication Usage 8
7.8 How the Healthcare Industry Is Increasing Medication Safety 9
7.9 Chapter Review Questions 10
Pearson Chapter 8 - Drug Administration Throughout the Lifespan 15
8.1 Pharmacotherapy Across the Lifespan 21
8.2 Drug Administration During Pregnancy and Lactation 22
8.3 Pharmacotherapy of the Lactating Patient 24
8.4 Pharmacotherapy of Infants 25
8.5 Pharmacotherapy of Toddlers 26
8.6 Pharmacotherapy of Preschoolers and School-Age Children 27
8.7 Pharmacotherapy of Adolescents 28
8.8 Pharmacotherapy of Young and Middle-Aged Adults 28
8.9 Pharmacotherapy of Older Adults 29
8.10 Chapter Review Questions 29
Pearson Chapter 9 - Individual Variations in Drug Response 36
9.1 The Concept of Holistic Pharmacotherapy 37
Figure 9.1 - Holistic Model of Pharmacotherapy 37
9.2 Psychosocial Influences on Pharmacotherapy 38
9.3 Cultural and Ethnic Influences on Pharmacotherapy 38
9.4 Community and Environmental Influences on Pharmacotherapy 39
9.5 Gender Influences on Pharmacotherapy 39
Table 9.1 - Polymorphisms of Drug-Metabolizing Enzymes 41
9.6 Chapter Review Questions 41
Pearson Chapter 10 - The Role of Complementary and Alternative Therapies in
Pharmacology 48
10.1 Complementary and Alternative Medicine 48
Table 10.1 - Selected Complementary Health Approaches 48
10.2 Brief History of Herbal Therapies 49
Table 10.2 - Popular Herb Supplements 50
Table 10.3 - Popular Herb Supplements (cont.) 51
10.3 Herbal Product Formulations 52
Table 10.4 - Standardization of Selected Herb Extracts 52
N305 - Exam 2 Comprehensive Study Guide - Summer 2025
,3
10.4 Regulation of Herbal Products and Dietary Supplements 52
10.5 The Pharmacologic Actions and Safety of Herbal Products 54
Table 10.5 - Diseases for Which Some Research Studies Suggest That Herbal
Therapies May Be Useful 55
10.6 Specialty Supplements 57
10.7 Patient Teaching Regarding CAM 57
10.8 Chapter Review Questions 58
Pearson Chapter 11 - Emergency Preparedness and Poisonings 65
11.1 The Nature of Worldwide Epidemics and Bioterrorist Threats 65
Table 11.1 - Categories of Infectious Agents 66
11.2 Role of the Nurse in Emergency Preparedness 66
11.3 Strategic National Stockpile 67
11.4 Anthrax 68
Table 11.2 - Anthrax 69
11.5 Viruses 69
11.6 Toxic Chemicals 70
Table 11.3 - Chemical Warfare Agents 70
Table 11.4 - Chemical Warfare Agents (cont.) 71
11.7 Ionizing Radiation 71
11.8 Management of Poisonings 72
Table 11.5 - Specific Antidotes 73
Table 11.6 - Specific Antidotes (cont.) 74
11.9 Chapter Review Questions 75
Appendix A - Dosage Calculations Problems 81
A.1 Solid Dosage 82
A.2 Liquid Dosage 83
A.3 Injectable Dosage 84
A.4 Dosages by Weight 85
A.5 IV Flow Rates 86
A.6 Manual IV Infusions 88
N305 - Exam 2 Comprehensive Study Guide - Summer 2025
, 4
Pearson Chapter 7 - Medication Errors and Risk Reduction
7.1 Defining Medication Errors
● Medication Errors - any preventable event that may cause or lead to
inappropriate medication use or patient harm while the medication is in the
control of the health care professional, patient, or consumer. Such events may be
related to professional practice, health care products, procedures, and systems,
including prescribing, order communication, product labeling, packaging, and
nomenclature, compounding, dispensing, distribution, administration, education,
monitoring, and use. (NCC MERP, 2018b)
● Medication Error Index - conceptual framework that places medication errors
into nine categories based on the extent of harm an error can cause
○ Category A is a medication error in which no harm occurred to the patient
○ Category H is a medication error that resulted in permanent harm.
Figure 7.1 - Medication Error Index
N305 - Exam 2 Comprehensive Study Guide - Summer 2025
N305 Exam 2 Comprehensive Study
Guide
(Pearson Pharmacology for Nurses - Chapters 7-11)
,2
Pearson Chapter 7 - Medication Errors and Risk Reduction 4
7.1 Defining Medication Errors 4
Figure 7.1 - Medication Error Index 4
7.2 Factors Contributing to Medication Errors 5
7.3 The Impact of Medication Errors 5
7.4 Reporting and Documenting Medication Errors 6
7.5 Strategies for Reducing Medication Errors 7
7.6 Medication Reconciliation 8
7.7 Effective Patient Teaching for Medication Usage 8
7.8 How the Healthcare Industry Is Increasing Medication Safety 9
7.9 Chapter Review Questions 10
Pearson Chapter 8 - Drug Administration Throughout the Lifespan 15
8.1 Pharmacotherapy Across the Lifespan 21
8.2 Drug Administration During Pregnancy and Lactation 22
8.3 Pharmacotherapy of the Lactating Patient 24
8.4 Pharmacotherapy of Infants 25
8.5 Pharmacotherapy of Toddlers 26
8.6 Pharmacotherapy of Preschoolers and School-Age Children 27
8.7 Pharmacotherapy of Adolescents 28
8.8 Pharmacotherapy of Young and Middle-Aged Adults 28
8.9 Pharmacotherapy of Older Adults 29
8.10 Chapter Review Questions 29
Pearson Chapter 9 - Individual Variations in Drug Response 36
9.1 The Concept of Holistic Pharmacotherapy 37
Figure 9.1 - Holistic Model of Pharmacotherapy 37
9.2 Psychosocial Influences on Pharmacotherapy 38
9.3 Cultural and Ethnic Influences on Pharmacotherapy 38
9.4 Community and Environmental Influences on Pharmacotherapy 39
9.5 Gender Influences on Pharmacotherapy 39
Table 9.1 - Polymorphisms of Drug-Metabolizing Enzymes 41
9.6 Chapter Review Questions 41
Pearson Chapter 10 - The Role of Complementary and Alternative Therapies in
Pharmacology 48
10.1 Complementary and Alternative Medicine 48
Table 10.1 - Selected Complementary Health Approaches 48
10.2 Brief History of Herbal Therapies 49
Table 10.2 - Popular Herb Supplements 50
Table 10.3 - Popular Herb Supplements (cont.) 51
10.3 Herbal Product Formulations 52
Table 10.4 - Standardization of Selected Herb Extracts 52
N305 - Exam 2 Comprehensive Study Guide - Summer 2025
,3
10.4 Regulation of Herbal Products and Dietary Supplements 52
10.5 The Pharmacologic Actions and Safety of Herbal Products 54
Table 10.5 - Diseases for Which Some Research Studies Suggest That Herbal
Therapies May Be Useful 55
10.6 Specialty Supplements 57
10.7 Patient Teaching Regarding CAM 57
10.8 Chapter Review Questions 58
Pearson Chapter 11 - Emergency Preparedness and Poisonings 65
11.1 The Nature of Worldwide Epidemics and Bioterrorist Threats 65
Table 11.1 - Categories of Infectious Agents 66
11.2 Role of the Nurse in Emergency Preparedness 66
11.3 Strategic National Stockpile 67
11.4 Anthrax 68
Table 11.2 - Anthrax 69
11.5 Viruses 69
11.6 Toxic Chemicals 70
Table 11.3 - Chemical Warfare Agents 70
Table 11.4 - Chemical Warfare Agents (cont.) 71
11.7 Ionizing Radiation 71
11.8 Management of Poisonings 72
Table 11.5 - Specific Antidotes 73
Table 11.6 - Specific Antidotes (cont.) 74
11.9 Chapter Review Questions 75
Appendix A - Dosage Calculations Problems 81
A.1 Solid Dosage 82
A.2 Liquid Dosage 83
A.3 Injectable Dosage 84
A.4 Dosages by Weight 85
A.5 IV Flow Rates 86
A.6 Manual IV Infusions 88
N305 - Exam 2 Comprehensive Study Guide - Summer 2025
, 4
Pearson Chapter 7 - Medication Errors and Risk Reduction
7.1 Defining Medication Errors
● Medication Errors - any preventable event that may cause or lead to
inappropriate medication use or patient harm while the medication is in the
control of the health care professional, patient, or consumer. Such events may be
related to professional practice, health care products, procedures, and systems,
including prescribing, order communication, product labeling, packaging, and
nomenclature, compounding, dispensing, distribution, administration, education,
monitoring, and use. (NCC MERP, 2018b)
● Medication Error Index - conceptual framework that places medication errors
into nine categories based on the extent of harm an error can cause
○ Category A is a medication error in which no harm occurred to the patient
○ Category H is a medication error that resulted in permanent harm.
Figure 7.1 - Medication Error Index
N305 - Exam 2 Comprehensive Study Guide - Summer 2025
