Chapter 35, Nutrition

1. A dietitian is providing an in-service for the nurses on a medical-surgical unit. During the in-service, she informs the group that there are six classes of nutrients, and three supply the body with energy. What are the three sources of energy? A) Carbohydrates, protein, and lipids B) Vitamins, minerals, and water C) Carbohydrates, protein, and water D) Lipids, vitamins, and minerals Ans: A Feedback: Of the six classes of nutrients, three supply energy (carbohydrates, protein, and lipids), and three are needed to regulate body processes (vitamins, minerals, and water). 2. In planning to meet the nutritional needs of a critically ill client in the intensive care unit, which factor will increase the client’s basal metabolic rate? A) Infection B) Advanced ageC) Prolonged fasting D) Long periods of sleep Ans: A Feedback: Factors that increase a person’s basal metabolic rate (BMR) include growth, infections, fever, emotional tension, extreme environmental temperatures, and elevated levels of certain hormones (epinephrine and thyroid hormones). Aging, prolonged fasting, and sleep all decrease BMR.