OPENSTAX ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2E
UNIT 1 COMPREHENSIVE EXAM 2026
QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
◉ physiology. Answer: the study of how living organisms perform their
vital functions
◉ gross anatomy. Answer: considers features visible with the unaided
eye
◉ systemic anatomy. Answer: the study of major ogran systems
◉ microscopic anatomy. Answer: concerns structures that cannot be
seen without magnification
◉ cytology. Answer: concerns the internal structures of individual cells
◉ histology. Answer: the study of tissues
◉ organ. Answer: a combined group of similar tissues
, ◉ pathology. Answer: the study of the effects of diseases on organ or
system functions
◉ homeostasis. Answer: the existence of a stable internal environment
◉ receptor. Answer: senses the stimulus
◉ control center. Answer: processes receptor signal (usually in CNS)
◉ effector. Answer: produces a change in the body to
resolve/compensate the stimulus
◉ negative feedback. Answer: counteracts stimulus (ex: sweat)
◉ positive feedforward. Answer: encourages stimulus (contractions)
◉ anatomical orientation. Answer: face forward, thumbs out, palms
forward
◉ stimulus. Answer: a change in the environment
◉ supine. Answer: lying face upward
UNIT 1 COMPREHENSIVE EXAM 2026
QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
◉ physiology. Answer: the study of how living organisms perform their
vital functions
◉ gross anatomy. Answer: considers features visible with the unaided
eye
◉ systemic anatomy. Answer: the study of major ogran systems
◉ microscopic anatomy. Answer: concerns structures that cannot be
seen without magnification
◉ cytology. Answer: concerns the internal structures of individual cells
◉ histology. Answer: the study of tissues
◉ organ. Answer: a combined group of similar tissues
, ◉ pathology. Answer: the study of the effects of diseases on organ or
system functions
◉ homeostasis. Answer: the existence of a stable internal environment
◉ receptor. Answer: senses the stimulus
◉ control center. Answer: processes receptor signal (usually in CNS)
◉ effector. Answer: produces a change in the body to
resolve/compensate the stimulus
◉ negative feedback. Answer: counteracts stimulus (ex: sweat)
◉ positive feedforward. Answer: encourages stimulus (contractions)
◉ anatomical orientation. Answer: face forward, thumbs out, palms
forward
◉ stimulus. Answer: a change in the environment
◉ supine. Answer: lying face upward