BSC 2085 Exam 2 UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT
Answers
Integumentary System- weight and area Is the largest system of the body
16% of body weight
1.5 to 2 m2 in area
How many parts makeup the integumentary system? The integument is made up of two parts
1. Cutaneous membrane (skin)
2. Accessory structures
Describe the Cutaneous Membrane consist of two components:
Outer epidermis
Superficial epithelium (epithelial tissues)
Inner dermis
Connective tissues
Accessory Structure Originate in the dermis
Extend through the epidermis to skin surface. Includes:
Hair, Nails, Multicellular exocrine glands
What Systems are connected to the Integumentary Cardiovascular system- By blood vessels in the dermis
system? Nervous system- By sensory receptors that detect stimuli for pain, touch, and
temperature
Is the hypodermis part of the Integumentary system? No, Located below the dermis
-Composed of loose connective tissue: separates integument from the deep
fascia around organs
- Location of hypodermic injections
, 5 main functions of the Integumentary System? 1. Protection of underlying tissues and organs
2. Excretion of salts, water, and organic wastes (glands)
3. Maintenance of body temperature (insulation and evaporation)
4. Production of melanin, keratin, vitamin D3, and storage of lipids
5. Detection of touch, pressure, pain, and temperature
PEMPD
Describe the Epidermis Is avascular stratified squamous epithelium
Nutrients and oxygen diffuse from capillaries in the dermis
Dominated by keratinocytes (most abundant type of epithelial cells) -contain
large amounts of the protein keratin
Thin skin: location and layers Covers most of the body
Has four layers of keratinocytes
Thick skin: location and layers Covers the palms of the hands and soles of the feet
Has five layers of keratinocytes
What are the 5 strata of keratinocytes in thick skin 1. Stratum basale
2. Stratum spinosum
3. Stratum granulosum
4. Stratum lucidum (missing in thin skin)
5. Stratum corneum
Bottom to top
What is the Stratum Basale? -Is attached to basement membrane by hemidesmosomes
-Forms a strong bond between epidermis and dermis
-Forms epidermal ridges (basis of fingerprints)
-Dermal papillae (tiny mounds)- projections from the dermis-Increase the area of
basement membrane and ttrengthen attachment between epidermis and dermis
-Has many basal cells, or germinative cells
What determines fingerprints? Determined by genetics and
uterine environment during fetal development.
Do identical twins have the same fingerprints? No
What are specialized cells of Stratum Basale? 1. Merkel cells- specialized epithelial tactile cells
Found in hairless skin
Respond to touch (trigger nervous system)
2. Melanocytes
Contain the pigment melanin
Scattered throughout stratum basale
Answers
Integumentary System- weight and area Is the largest system of the body
16% of body weight
1.5 to 2 m2 in area
How many parts makeup the integumentary system? The integument is made up of two parts
1. Cutaneous membrane (skin)
2. Accessory structures
Describe the Cutaneous Membrane consist of two components:
Outer epidermis
Superficial epithelium (epithelial tissues)
Inner dermis
Connective tissues
Accessory Structure Originate in the dermis
Extend through the epidermis to skin surface. Includes:
Hair, Nails, Multicellular exocrine glands
What Systems are connected to the Integumentary Cardiovascular system- By blood vessels in the dermis
system? Nervous system- By sensory receptors that detect stimuli for pain, touch, and
temperature
Is the hypodermis part of the Integumentary system? No, Located below the dermis
-Composed of loose connective tissue: separates integument from the deep
fascia around organs
- Location of hypodermic injections
, 5 main functions of the Integumentary System? 1. Protection of underlying tissues and organs
2. Excretion of salts, water, and organic wastes (glands)
3. Maintenance of body temperature (insulation and evaporation)
4. Production of melanin, keratin, vitamin D3, and storage of lipids
5. Detection of touch, pressure, pain, and temperature
PEMPD
Describe the Epidermis Is avascular stratified squamous epithelium
Nutrients and oxygen diffuse from capillaries in the dermis
Dominated by keratinocytes (most abundant type of epithelial cells) -contain
large amounts of the protein keratin
Thin skin: location and layers Covers most of the body
Has four layers of keratinocytes
Thick skin: location and layers Covers the palms of the hands and soles of the feet
Has five layers of keratinocytes
What are the 5 strata of keratinocytes in thick skin 1. Stratum basale
2. Stratum spinosum
3. Stratum granulosum
4. Stratum lucidum (missing in thin skin)
5. Stratum corneum
Bottom to top
What is the Stratum Basale? -Is attached to basement membrane by hemidesmosomes
-Forms a strong bond between epidermis and dermis
-Forms epidermal ridges (basis of fingerprints)
-Dermal papillae (tiny mounds)- projections from the dermis-Increase the area of
basement membrane and ttrengthen attachment between epidermis and dermis
-Has many basal cells, or germinative cells
What determines fingerprints? Determined by genetics and
uterine environment during fetal development.
Do identical twins have the same fingerprints? No
What are specialized cells of Stratum Basale? 1. Merkel cells- specialized epithelial tactile cells
Found in hairless skin
Respond to touch (trigger nervous system)
2. Melanocytes
Contain the pigment melanin
Scattered throughout stratum basale
