BSC 2085 Lab Practical 1 UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and
CORRECT Answers
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axial skeleton includes the skull, vertebrae, and ribs
appendicular skeleton limbs, pectoral girdle, and pelvic girdle
compact bone and spongy/cancellous bone two basic bone classes
compact bone bone class that is smooth and homogeneous
spongy/cancellous bone bone class that has small trabeculae (bars) & lots of space
long bones, short bones, flat bones, irregular bones four major groups of bones
long bones longer than they are wide; made mostly of compact bone (example: femur)
short bones cube shaped; mostly spongy bone (example: tarsals/carpals)
flat bones thin, 2 wafer-like layers of compact bone with spongy cone in between (example:
skull)
irregular bones irregular shaped bones (example: vertebrae)
epiphysis (long bone structure) end of bone (distal & proximal)
periosteum (long bone structure) covers the bone; Sharpey's fiber from this penetrate the bone
articular cartilage (long bone structure) covers epiphyseal surface instead of periosteum
, epiphyseal plate (long bone structure) area of hyaline cartilage where longitudinal growth of bones occur (seen as
epiphyseal line in adults)
endosteum (long bone structure) lines the shaft
medullary cavity (long bone structure) hollow central interior. Contains yellow bone marrow in adults, red bone marrow
in infants
yellow bone marrow (long bone structure) composed of adipose tissue (fat cells)
red bone marrow (long bone structure) consists of immature red and white blood cells and stem cells. Used to produce
blood cells
osteon (haversian system) (micro view of compact bone) central canal and concentric lamellae with haversian/central canal in center
haversian/central canal (micro view of compact bone) runs along length of bone; carries blood, lymph vessels & nerves
canaliculus/canaliculi (micro view of compact bone) tiny canals radiating outward from central canal (single canal = canaliculus). They
connect the central canal to small chambers in the lamellae called lacunae
osteocytes (micro view of compact bone) mature bone cells found inside lacunae
lacunae (micro view of compact bone) small chambers that 'house' the mature bone cells (osteocytes)
perforating/volkmann's canals (micro view of compact canals that run into compact bone and marrow cavity from the periosteum
bone)
shin splints dull ache in shin
medial tibial stress syndrome (MTSS) most causes of shin pain are classified as:
MTSS pain caused by - inflammation of the periosteum
- inflammation of the perforating fibers
contributing factors to MTSS mechanical factors (flat feet, inversion of feet with impact exercises)
skeletal cartilage named because of their LOCATION in the skeleton
articular (skeletal cartilage) covers bone ends of movable joints
costal (skeletal cartilage) connecting ribs to sternum
laryngeal (skeletal cartilage) construct the larynx
tracheal & bronchial (skeletal cartilage) reinforce passageways of respiratory system
nasal (skeletal cartilage) supports nose
CORRECT Answers
)
axial skeleton includes the skull, vertebrae, and ribs
appendicular skeleton limbs, pectoral girdle, and pelvic girdle
compact bone and spongy/cancellous bone two basic bone classes
compact bone bone class that is smooth and homogeneous
spongy/cancellous bone bone class that has small trabeculae (bars) & lots of space
long bones, short bones, flat bones, irregular bones four major groups of bones
long bones longer than they are wide; made mostly of compact bone (example: femur)
short bones cube shaped; mostly spongy bone (example: tarsals/carpals)
flat bones thin, 2 wafer-like layers of compact bone with spongy cone in between (example:
skull)
irregular bones irregular shaped bones (example: vertebrae)
epiphysis (long bone structure) end of bone (distal & proximal)
periosteum (long bone structure) covers the bone; Sharpey's fiber from this penetrate the bone
articular cartilage (long bone structure) covers epiphyseal surface instead of periosteum
, epiphyseal plate (long bone structure) area of hyaline cartilage where longitudinal growth of bones occur (seen as
epiphyseal line in adults)
endosteum (long bone structure) lines the shaft
medullary cavity (long bone structure) hollow central interior. Contains yellow bone marrow in adults, red bone marrow
in infants
yellow bone marrow (long bone structure) composed of adipose tissue (fat cells)
red bone marrow (long bone structure) consists of immature red and white blood cells and stem cells. Used to produce
blood cells
osteon (haversian system) (micro view of compact bone) central canal and concentric lamellae with haversian/central canal in center
haversian/central canal (micro view of compact bone) runs along length of bone; carries blood, lymph vessels & nerves
canaliculus/canaliculi (micro view of compact bone) tiny canals radiating outward from central canal (single canal = canaliculus). They
connect the central canal to small chambers in the lamellae called lacunae
osteocytes (micro view of compact bone) mature bone cells found inside lacunae
lacunae (micro view of compact bone) small chambers that 'house' the mature bone cells (osteocytes)
perforating/volkmann's canals (micro view of compact canals that run into compact bone and marrow cavity from the periosteum
bone)
shin splints dull ache in shin
medial tibial stress syndrome (MTSS) most causes of shin pain are classified as:
MTSS pain caused by - inflammation of the periosteum
- inflammation of the perforating fibers
contributing factors to MTSS mechanical factors (flat feet, inversion of feet with impact exercises)
skeletal cartilage named because of their LOCATION in the skeleton
articular (skeletal cartilage) covers bone ends of movable joints
costal (skeletal cartilage) connecting ribs to sternum
laryngeal (skeletal cartilage) construct the larynx
tracheal & bronchial (skeletal cartilage) reinforce passageways of respiratory system
nasal (skeletal cartilage) supports nose
